Evaluation of the Effect of Continuous Infusion of Dexmedetomidine or a Subanesthetic Dose Ketamine on Transcranial Electrical Motor Evoked Potentials in Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Spine Surgery under Total Intravenous Anesthesia: A Randomized Co

Andleeb Roshan,Agrawal Sanjay,Gupta Priyanka 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.2

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind exploratory study. Purpose: To compare effects of dexmedetomidine or a subanesthetic dose of ketamine on the amplitude and latency of transcranial electrically generated motor evoked potentials. Overview of Literature: Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) is a standard anesthesia technique for transcranial electrical motor evoked potential monitoring in spine surgery. We aimed to determine whether the use of dexmedetomidine and ketamine as a component of TIVA exerted any beneficial effect on the quality of monitoring. Methods: A total of 90 American Society of Anesthesiologist grade I–III patients, aged 18–65 years, with a motor power of ≥4/5 grade as per the Medical Research Council Scale in all four limbs who were scheduled for elective spine surgery under transcranial electrical motor evoked potential monitoring were enrolled. The subjects were randomly allocated into the following three groups: group PD who received 0.5 µg/kg/hr dexmedetomidine infusion, group PK who received 0.5 mg/kg/hr ketamine infusion, and group PS who received normal saline infusion, along with standard propofol–fentanyl based TIVA regime. Amplitude and latency of bilateral motor evoked potentials of the tibialis anterior and abductor halluces muscle were recorded at Ti (at train-of-four ratio >90%), T30 (30 minutes post-Ti), T60 (60 minutes post-Ti), and Tf (at the end of spine manipulation). Results: Baseline median amplitudes were comparable among the study groups. In group PK, we noted a gradually enhanced response by 24%–100% from the baseline amplitude. The median amplitudes of all the muscles were higher in group PK than those in groups PS and PD at time points T60 and Tf (p<0.05). Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that compared with dexmedetomidine and control treatment, a subanesthetic dose of ketamine caused gradual improvement in amplitudes without affecting the latency.

Chemical doping of MoS ₂ multilayer by p-toluene sulfonic acid

Andleeb, Shaista,Kumar Singh, Arun,Eom, Jonghwa TaylorFrancis 2015 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.16 No.3

<P>We report the tailoring of the electrical properties of mechanically exfoliated multilayer (ML) molybdenum disulfide (MoS<SUB>2</SUB>) by chemical doping. Electrical charge transport and Raman spectroscopy measurements revealed that the p-toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA) imposes n-doping in ML MoS<SUB>2</SUB>. The shift of threshold voltage for ML MoS<SUB>2</SUB> transistor was analyzed as a function of reaction time. The threshold voltage shifted toward more negative gate voltages with increasing reaction time, which indicates an n-type doping effect. The shift of the Raman peak positions was also analyzed as a function of reaction time. PTSA treatment improved the field-effect mobility by a factor of ~4 without degrading the electrical characteristics of MoS<SUB>2</SUB> devices.</P>

Mitochondrial oxidative damage by co-exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen in rat testes and its amelioration by melatonin

Andleeb Khan,Mohammad F. Alam,Tarique Anwer,Razan Ayoub,Rana J. H. Bahkali,Hina Rashid,Saeed Alshahrani,Marwa Qadri,Yousra Nomier,Maryam Sageer,Mohammad Suhail Akhter The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2023 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.50 No.1

Objective: Human exposure to multiple xenobiotics, over various developmental windows, results in adverse health effects arising from these concomitant exposures. Humans are widely exposed to bisphenol A, and acetaminophen is the most commonly used over-the-counter drug worldwide. Bisphenol A is a well-recognized male reproductive toxicant, and increasing evidence suggests that acetaminophen is also detrimental to the male reproductive system. The recent recognition of male reproductive system dysfunction in conditions of suboptimal reproductive outcomes makes it crucial to investigate the contributions of toxicant exposures to infertility and sub-fertility. We aimed to identify toxicity in the male reproductive system at the mitochondrial level in response to co-exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen, and we investigated whether melatonin ameliorated this toxicity. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n=10 each): a control group and groups that received melatonin, bisphenol A, acetaminophen, bisphenol A and acetaminophen, and bisphenol A and acetaminophen with melatonin treatment. Results: Significantly higher lipid peroxidation was observed in the testicular mitochondria and sperm in the treatment groups than in the control group. Levels of glutathione and the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and manganese superoxide dismutase decreased significantly in response to the toxicant treatments. Likewise, the toxicant treatments significantly decreased the sperm count and motility, while significantly increasing sperm mortality. Melatonin mitigated the adverse effects of bisphenol A and acetaminophen. Conclusion: Co-exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen elevated oxidative stress in the testicular mitochondria, and this effect was alleviated by melatonin.

Trends and Analysis of Cancer Incidence for Common Male and Female Cancers in the Population of Punjab Province of Pakistan during 1984 to 2014

Masood, Khalid,Masood, Andleeb,Zafar, Junaid,Shahid, Abubaker,Kamran, Mujahid,Murad, Sohail,Masood, Misbah,Alluddin, Zafar,Riaz, Masooma,Akhter, Naseem,Ahmad, Munir,Ahmad, Fayyaz,Akhtar, Javaid,Naeem, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.13

Background: The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Cancer Registry (PAECCR) program has made availability of a common cancer incidence database possible in Pakistan. The cancer incidence data from nuclear medicine and oncology institutes were gathered and presented. Materials and Methods: The cancer incidence data for the last 30 years (1984-2014) are included to describe a data set of male and female patients. The data analysis concerning occurrence, trends of common cancers in male and female patients, stage-wise distribution, and mortality/follow-up cases is also incorporated for the last 10 years (2004-2014). Results: The total population of provincial capital Lahore is 9,800,000. The total number of cancer cases was 80,390 (males 32,156, females 48,134). The crude incidence rates in PAECCR areas were 580.8/$10^5$ during 2010 to 885.4/$10^5$ in 2014 (males 354.1/$10^5$, females 530.1/$10^5$). The cancer incidence rates for head and neck (15.70%), brain tumors (10.5%), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL, 9.53%) were found to be the highest in male patients, whereas breast cancer (46.7%), ovary tumors (6.80%), and cervix (6.31%) cancer incidence rates were observed to be the most common in female patients. The age range distribution of diagnosed and treated patients in conjunction with the percentage contribution of cancer patients from 15 different cities of Punjab province treated at the Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology, Lahore are also included. Leukemia was found to be the most common cancer for the age group of 1-12 years. It has been identified that the maximum number of diagnosed cases were found in the age range of 51-60 years for males and 41-50 years for female cancer patients. Conclusions: Overall cancer incidence of the thirty years demonstrated that head and neck and breast cancers in males and in females respectively are the most common cancers in Punjab province in Pakistan, at rates almost the highest in Asia, requiring especial attention. The incidence of brain, NHL, and prostate cancers among males and ovarian and cervix cancers among females have increased rapidly. These data from a major population of Punjab province should be helpful for implementation of appropriate planning, prevention and cancer control measures and for determination of risk factors within the country.

Speech Feature Selection of Normal and Autistic children using Filter and Wrapper Approach

Akhtar, Muhammed Ali,Ali, Syed Abbas,Siddiqui, Maria Andleeb International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.5

Two feature selection approaches are analyzed in this study. First Approach used in this paper is Filter Approach which comprises of correlation technique. It provides two reduced feature sets using positive and negative correlation. Secondly Approach used in this paper is the wrapper approach which comprises of Sequential Forward Selection technique. The reduced feature set obtained by positive correlation results comprises of Rate of Acceleration, Intensity and Formant. The reduced feature set obtained by positive correlation results comprises of Rasta PLP, Log energy, Log power and Zero Crossing Rate. Pitch, Rate of Acceleration, Log Power, MFCC, LPCC is the reduced feature set yield as a result of Sequential Forwarding Selection.

Etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma and treatment through medicinal plants: a comprehensive review

Sundas Nasreen,Sobia Safeer,Kamaran Khurshid Dar,Saiqa Andleeb,Mubashir Ejaz,Muhammad Adeeb Khan,Shaukat Ali 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2018 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.18 No.3

Liver is a power house of the body for many components such as vitamins, minerals, iron and glycogen and play role in biotransformation. Some ingredients of our diet (foodstuff s may contain with afl atoxin B1, vinyl chloride, tobacco, heavy alcohol intake, fried meat, coff ee and oral contraceptives),when metabolized become tremendous for liver and leads toward hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC occurs through cyclical liver injury due to infl ammation and DNA damaging as a result of oxidative stress. Phytochemicals of medicinal plants have curative potential against liver cancer due to presence of linalool, eucalyptol, borneol, thujone, camphor, 4-terpineol, monoterpenes and α -cadinol, sophytotherapies have several advantages over conventional chemotherapies. According to literature survey Acanthus ilicifolius, Allium sativum, Artemisiaprinceps, Artemisia vulgaris, Amorphophallus campanulatus, Brucea javanica, Broussonetia luzonica, Dracocephalum kotschyi, Graptopetalum paraguayense, Nigella sativa, Petasites japonicas, Silybum marianum, Bergenia ciliata , Cassia fi stula and Picrorhiza scrophularilora have vital bioactive compounds used against hepatocellular carcinoma.

Recent advancements in supercapacitor technology

Raza, Waseem,Ali, Faizan,Raza, Nadeem,Luo, Yiwei,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Yang, Jianhua,Kumar, Sandeep,Mehmood, Andleeb,Kwon, Eilhann E. Elsevier 2018 Nano energy Vol.52 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Supercapacitors (SCs) are attracting considerable research interest as high-performance energy storage devices that can contribute to the rapid growth of low-power electronics (e.g., wearable, portable electronic devices) and high-power military applications (e.g., guided missile techniques and highly sensitive naval warheads). The performance of SCs can be assessed in terms of the electrochemical properties determined through a combination between the electrode and the electrolyte materials. Likewise, the charge storage capacities of SCs can be affected significantly by selection of such materials (e.g., via surface redox mechanisms). Enormous efforts have thus been put to make them more competitive with existing options for energy storage such as rechargeable batteries. This article reviews recent advances in SC technology with respect to charge storage mechanisms, electrode materials, electrolytes (e.g., particularly paper/fiber-like 3D porous structures), and their practical applications. The challenges and opportunities associated with the commercialization of SCs are also discussed.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> There has been great demand for a reliable technical platform for electrochemical storage. </LI> <LI> SCs are highly attractive option due to their fast storage capability and enhanced cyclic stability. </LI> <LI> This review covers the charge storage mechanisms of SCs along with comparison of selected SCs. </LI> <LI> We also discuss the technical challenges for developing SCs with high enough energy density. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>