Novel phyto-derivative BRM270 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cells proliferation by inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in xenograft mice model

Kumar Mongre, Raj,Sharma, Neelesh,Singh Sodhi, Simrinder,Ghosh, Mrinmoy,Kumar Singh, Amit,Kim, Nameun,Park, Yang Ho,Shin, Young Gyu,Kim, Sung Jin,Jiao Jiao, Zhang,Huynh, Do Luong,Jeong, Dong Kee EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER 2017 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.87 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major threat to human health worldwide and development of novel antineoplastic drug is demanding task. BRM270 is a proprietary combination of traditional medicinal herbs, has been shown to be effective against a wide range of stem-like cancer initiating cells (SLCICs). However, the underlying mechanism and antitumor efficacy of BRM270 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells have not been well elucidated till date. Here we studied the tumoricidal effect of BRM270 on human-CD133<SUP>+</SUP> expressing stem-like HepG-2 and SNU-398 cells. Gene expression profiling by qPCR and specific cellular protein expressions was measured using immunocytochemistry/western blot analysis. <I>In vivo</I> efficacy of BRM270 has been elucidated in the SLCICs induced xenograft model. In addition, 2DG-(2-Deoxy-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-Glucose) optical-probe guided tumor monitoring was performed to delineate the size and extent of metastasized tumor. Significant (<I>P</I> <I><</I> 0.05) induction of Annexin-V positive cell population and dose-dependent upregulation of caspase-3 confirmed apoptotic cell death by pre/late apoptosis. In addition, bright field and fluorescence microscopy of treated cells revealed apoptotic morphology and DNA fragmentation in Hoechst33342 staining. Levels of c-Myc, Bcl-2 and c-Jun as invasive potential apoptotic marker were detected using qPCR/Western blot. Moreover, BRM270 significantly (<I>P</I> <I><</I> 0.05) increased survival rate that observed by Kaplan-Meier log rank test. In conclusion, these results indicate that BRM270 can effectively inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in hepatoma cells by down-regulating CyclinD1/Bcl2 mediated c-Jun apoptotic pathway.</P>

Thermokinetics behavior of epoxy adhesive reinforced with low viscous aliphatic reactive diluent and nano-fillers

Amit Kumar Singh,Bishnu Prasad Panda,Smita Mohanty,Sanjay Kumar Nayak,Manoj Kumar Gupta 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.11

The current study reports the effect of low viscous aliphatic reactive diluent (RD), MWCNT and VGCF on the curing kinetics of amine cured epoxy adhesive system employing non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) technique. Non-isothermal DSC thermograms of epoxy adhesive were studied at various heating rates: 5, 10 and 15 oC/min. The decrease in the exothermic peak height with the introduction of MWCNTs and VGCFs was taken as proof of the acceleration effect of nano-fillers on the epoxy-amine curing reaction. Also, increased Tonset, TP and ΔHcurs values were observed for epoxy/RD adhesive system at all heating rates. The value of activation energy (Ea) was determined using Kissinger and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa methods. Experimental results showed that the addition of 10 wt% RD increased the Ea from 60 to 63 kJ/mol on account of the reduced viscosity, allowing better contact of resin with the curing agent. Furthermore, MWCNTs have an accelerating effect on the cure kinetics that does not change the autocatalytic cure reaction mechanism of epoxy resin. It was also found that the addition of MWCNT and VGCF decreases the overall degree of conversion, as evident with lower ΔHcure and Ea of the cured adhesive when compared with epoxy/RD system. The dependency of Ea on degree of conversion ranging from α =0.1 to 0.9was also investigated. The two normalized functions y(α) and z(α) were also considered in order to study the complex curing mechanism. The kinetic parameters m, n and lnA were obtained by using two parameter autocatalytic Sestak-Berggren model. The curves revealed good agreement between experimentally determined and theoretically obtained MWCNT/VGCF reinforced epoxy adhesive systems.

Switching Antibiotics Production On and Off in Actinomycetes by an IclR Family Transcriptional Regulator from Streptomyces peucetius ATCC 27952

( Amit Kumar Chaudhary ),( Bijay Singh ),( Sushila Maharjan ),( Amit Kumar Jha ),( Byung Gee Kim ),( Jae Kyung Sohng ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.8

Doxorubicin, produced by Streptomyces peucetius ATCC 27952, is tightly regulated by dnrO, dnrN, and dnrI regulators. Genome mining of S. peucetius revealed the presence of the IclR (doxR) type family of transcription regulator mediating the signal-dependent expression of operons at the nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene cluster. Overexpression of doxR in native strain strongly repressed the drug production. Furthermore, it also had a negative effect on the regulatory system of doxorubicin, wherein the transcript of dnrI was reduced to the maximum level in comparision with the other two. Interestingly, the overexpression of the same gene also had strong inhibitory effects on the production of actinorhodin (blue pigment) and undecylprodigiosin (red pigment) in Streptomyces coelicolor M145, herboxidiene production in Streptomyces chromofuscus ATCC 49982, and spinosyn production in Saccharopolyspora spinosa NRRL 18395, respectively. Moreover, DoxR exhibited pleiotropic effects on the production of blue and red pigments in S. coelicolor when grown in different agar media, wherein the production of blue pigment was inhibited in R2YE medium and the red pigment was inhibited in YEME medium. However, the production of both blue and red pigments from S. coelicolor harboring doxR was halted in ISP2 medium, whereas S. coelicolor produced both pigmented antibiotics in the same plate. These consequences demonstrate that the on and off production of these antibiotics was not due to salt stress or media compositions, but was selectively controlled in actinomycetes.

Impregnated Active Carbon-Shelf Life Studies and Its Evaluation Against Cyanogen Chloride with and without Canister

Singh, Beer,Saxena, Amit,Srivastava, Avanish Kumar,Dubey, Devendra Kumar,Gupta, Arvind Kumar Korean Carbon Society 2007 Carbon Letters Vol.8 No.4

Samples of active carbon of $1150\;m^2/g$ surface area were impregnated with ammoniacal salts of copper, chromium and silver, with and without triethylenediamine. The samples of impregnated carbon were aged at $50^{\circ}C$, with and without 90% RH (relative humidity), for a little more than one year and chemically evaluated periodically. Initially copper (II) and chromium (VI) reduced very fast in the samples in humid atmosphere to the extent of 30% and 60% respectively in four months. These values were found to be unaffected by the presence of triethylenediamine (TEDA) indicating that the chemical did not retard the reduction process of chromium (VI) and copper (II). However, in the absence of humidity the reduction of the impregnants was significantly less (10-12%, w/w) in four months. It was quite evident; therefore, that the moisture was mainly responsible for the reduction of chromium (VI) and copper (II) species in impregnated carbons. The prolonged ageing of the samples with and without triethylenediamme after four months with and without humid atmosphere showed that the extent of reduction of chromium (VI) was very low, i.e. 5-10% and of copper (II) was 2-25%. Silver is not reduced due to carbon, as it remained unchanged in concentration on storage. The impregnated carbon samples (100 g) without triethylenediamine, which were aged at room temperature for 5 years in absence of humidity and unaged when evaluated against cyanogen chloride (CNCl) at a concentration of 4 mg/L and airflow rate of 30 lpm showed a high degree of protection (80- 110 minutes).

Quantification of the secondary metabolites by HPTLC, analgesic and antipyretic activity evaluation of Ficus racemosa L. leaves

Amit Kumar,Amrita Mishra,Arun Kumar Mishra,Harpreet Singh 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2019 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.19 No.1

There have been no reports of simultaneous quantification of kaempferol and quercetin in Ficus racemosa L. Objective of the present work included to perform extraction using petroleum ether (PEE) and ethanol (EE), to perform preliminary phytochemical test, quantitative estimation of phytochemicals and simultaneous estimation of kaempferol and quercetin in Ficus racemosa L. using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method and to assess the analgesic and antipyretic activity of the extracts. PEE and EE obtained from cold maceration technique. Extracts were subjected to qualitative test and estimated quantitatively. Extracts were applied on silica gel G 60 F254 plate; solvent-Toluene: Chloroform: Acetone 4.5:4.5:1 (v/v) and scanned at 254 nm. The extracts were also subjected to analgesic activity (hot plate method and tail immersion method) and antipyretic (Brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia model and Lipopolysaccharide induced pyrexia mode) activity. Findings of preliminary phytochemical test and quantitative estimation of phytochemicals confirms the presence of flavonoids in both the extracts (PEE and EE). The amount of flavonoids in PEE and EE were found to be 24.58 ± 0.60 mg/100 g and 21.01 ± 0.58 mg/100 g respectively. HPTLC system resulted well resolved bands for quercetin (Rf 0.38) and kaempferol (Rf 0.55). The validated HPTLC method was found suitable for kaempferol and quercetin quantification in Ficus racemosa L. Hot plate reaction time response was improved in a dose-dependent manner in a group of rats treated with PEE suggesting its analgesic potential. In view of analgesic potential by tail immersion method, PEE (400 mg/kg b.w.) showed no significant difference in tail flick reaction time as shown by standard treated animal (Aspirin 100 mg/kg b.w.). The findings of antipyretic activity suggested that PEE (400 mg/kg b.w.) have no significant difference in treating pyrexia when compared with Paracetamol (100 mg/kg). PEE (400 mg/kg b.w.) was found to be most potent. It may be due to the presence of comparatively high amount of flavonoids in PEE confirmed by the preliminary phytochemical test, quantitative estimation of phytochemicals and HPTLC quantification the PEE was found to be more effective when compared to EE.

Clinical spectrum of elderly-onset inflammatory bowel disease in India

Yogesh Kumar Gupta,Arshdeep Singh,Vikram Narang,Vandana Midha,Ramit Mahajan,Varun Mehta,Dharmatma Singh,Namita Bansal,Madeline Vithya Barnaba Durairaj,Amit Kumar Dutta,Ajit Sood 대한장연구학회 2023 Intestinal Research Vol.21 No.2

Background/Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasingly being recognized in elderly patients. Data on clinical spectrum of elderly-onset IBD patients is lacking from India. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of patients diagnosed with IBD was conducted at 2 centers in India. The clinical spectrum of elderly-onset IBD including demographic profile (age and sex), clinical presentation, disease characteristics (disease behavior and severity, extent of disease), and treatment were recorded and compared with adult-onset IBD. Results: During the study period, 3,922 (3,172 ulcerative colitis [UC] and 750 Crohn’s disease [CD]) patients with IBD were recorded in the database. A total of 186 patients (4.74%; 116 males [62.36%]) had elderly-onset IBD (69.35% UC and 30.64% CD). Diarrhea, blood in stools, nocturnal frequency and pain abdomen were the commonest presentations for UC, whereas pain abdomen, weight loss and diarrhea were the most frequent symptoms in CD. For both elderly onset UC and CD, majority of the patients had moderately severe disease. Left-sided colitis was the commonest disease location in UC. Isolated ileal disease and inflammatory behavior were the most common disease location and behavior, respectively in CD. 5-Aminosalicylates were the commonest prescribed drug for both elderly onset UC and CD. Thiopurines and biologics were used infrequently. Prevalence of colorectal cancer was higher in elderly onset IBD. Conclusions: Elderly onset IBD is not uncommon in India. Both the elderly onset UC and CD were milder, with no significant differences in disease characteristics (disease extent, location and behavior) when compared to adult-onset IBD. Colorectal cancer was more common in elderly onset IBD.

Impregnated Active Carbon-Shelf Life Studies and Its Evaluation Against Cyanogen Chloride with and without Canister

Beer Singh,Amit Saxena,Avanish Kumar Srivastava,Devendra Kumar Dubey,Arvind Kumar Gupta 한국탄소학회 2007 Carbon Letters Vol.8 No.4

Samples of active carbon of 1150 m2/g surface area were impregnated with ammoniacal salts of copper, chromium and silver, with and without triethylenediamine. The samples of impregnated carbon were aged at 50℃, with and without 90% RH (relative humidity), for a little more than one year and chemically evaluated periodically. Initially copper (II) and chromium (VI) reduced very fast in the samples in humid atmosphere to the extent of 30% and 60% respectively in four months. These values were found to be unaffected by the presence of triethylenediamine (TEDA) indicating that the chemical did not retard the reduction process of chromium (VI) and copper (II). However, in the absence of humidity the reduction of the impregnants was significantly less (10-12%, w/w) in four months. It was quite evident; therefore, that the moisture was mainly responsible for the reduction of chromium (VI) and copper (II) species in impregnated carbons. The prolonged ageing of the samples with and without triethylenediamme after four months with and without humid atmosphere showed that the extent of reduction of chromium (VI) was very low, i.e. 5-10% and of copper (II) was 2-25%. Silver is not reduced due to carbon, as it remained unchanged in concentration on storage. The impregnated carbon samples (100 g) without triethylenediamine, which were aged at room temperature for 5 years in absence of humidity and unaged when evaluated against cyanogen chloride (CNCl) at a concentration of 4 mg/L and airflow rate of 30 lpm showed a high degree of protection (80- 110 minutes).

A Review on Link Prediction in Social Network

Ajay Kumar Singh Kushwah,Amit Kumar Manjhvar 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.2

Social network analysis is an evolving field of research and link prediction problem shows a vital role for prediction of social network structure. This paper emphases on prevailing research on link prediction problem. Prevailing researches reveal that link prediction problem complexity, available solutions effective group communication management and social link consciousness. The link prediction problem across associated networks can include anchor link prediction problem and link transfer through associated heterogeneous networks. This paper summarizes recent growth about link prediction algorithms and survey of all the prevailing link prediction techniques.

How Electroconvulsive Therapy Works?: Understanding the Neurobiological Mechanisms

Amit Singh,Sujita Kumar Kar 대한정신약물학회 2017 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.15 No.3

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a time tested treatment modality for the management of various psychiatric disorders. There have been a lot of modifications in the techniques of delivering ECT over decades. Despite lots of criticisms encountered, ECT has still been used commonly in clinical practice due to its safety and efficacy. Research evidences found multiple neuro-biological mechanisms for the therapeutic effect of ECT. ECT brings about various neuro-physiological as well as neuro-chemical changes in the macro- and micro-environment of the brain. Diverse changes involving expression of genes, functional connectivity, neurochemicals, permeability of blood-brain-barrier, alteration in immune system has been suggested to be responsible for the therapeutic effects of ECT. This article reviews different neurobiological mechanisms responsible for the therapeutic efficacy of ECT.

Energy Budget Based Multiple Attribute Decision Making (EB-MADM) Algorithm for Cooperative Clustering in Wireless Body Area Networks

Amit Choudhary,M. Nizamuddin,Manish Kumar Singh,Vibhav Kumar Sachan 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.1

A wireless network of biosensor nodes, attached to different parts of the patient body, is termed as Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). WBANs offer a real-time data monitoring platform for biological health parameters like blood pressure, heart rate, and glucose level etc. Low-power consumption is an essential WBAN design requirement due to limited power resources of biosensor nodes. Present work proposes the design of low power, clustering based data routing protocol for WBANs. Proposed protocol incorporates a novel “Energy Budget based Multiple Attributes Decision Making Algorithm (EB-MADM)” for dynamic cluster head selection. The algorithm selects an optimum node as cluster head which has the higher residual energy level and performs data routing at the cost of least network residual energy loss. EB-MADM selects a new cluster head for each transmission round and distributes cluster head load evenly among cluster nodes. It results in enhanced network lifetime. Proposed protocol incorporates another low power technique termed as “Cooperative effort of cluster nodes”. This technique saves node transmission energy by prohibiting redundant data from transmission. The proposed protocol is simulated using MATLAB tool and the performance results are compared with existing WBAN protocols. Proposed protocol shows better performance in terms of network lifetime, stability period, throughput, and propagation delay.