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Amegbor Isaac Kodzo,Abe Ayodeji,Adjebeng-Danquah Joseph,Adu Gloria Baokyewaa,Oteng-Frimpong Richard 한국작물학회 2022 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.25 No.2
Breeding for drought tolerance and increased grain yield is vital in mitigating the threat posed by recurrent drought stress on maize production, as well as tackling malnutrition with plant-based food products. The study was conducted to assess the combining ability of yellow maize lines and the performance of their single-cross hybrids under drought and rain-fed conditions. A total of 24 yellow maize inbred lines from CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute Maize Improvement Programme gene pool were selected and inter-mated using North Carolina II mating design to generate 96 single-cross hybrids. The 96 hybrids together with four advanced hybrids used as checks (a total of 100 hybrids) were evaluated under drought and rain-fed conditions for two years using a 10×10 lattice design with two replications. The hybrids difered signifcantly in their grain yield (GY) and agronomic performance under the growing conditions. In the present study, drought stress reduced GY by 50.3%. The general combining ability (GCA) and specifc combining ability (SCA) for GY and its related traits were signifcant. Even though additive and non-additive gene actions controlled the inheritance of the traits, additive gene action was found to be more important than non-additive genetic efects. Hybrids 27, 81 and 68 on the other hand 89, 18 and 26 were identifed as the outstanding genotypes under drought and rain-fed conditions, respectively. These hybrids should be extensively evaluated under varied conditions and commercialized to enhance food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa.
Emmanuel Yaw Owusu,Isaac Kodzo Amegbor,Haruna Mohammed,Francis Kusi,Ibrahim Atopkle,Emmanuel Kofi Sie,Memunatu Ishahku,Muktaru Zakaria,Sumani Iddrisu,Haruna Ali Kendey,Ousmane Boukar,Christian Fatokun 한국작물학회 2020 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.23 No.5
The variable cowpea productivity across diff erent environments demands evaluating the performance of genotypes in a breeding program prior to their release. The aim of this study was to assess yield stability of eight cowpea advanced breeding lines selected from participatory varietal selection in multilocational trials, and to identify mega-environments for cowpea production in Ghana. The genotypes were evaluated across fi ve environments in 2016 and 2017 in randomized complete block design with three replications. The GEA-R version 4.0 software was used for genotype main eff ect plus genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot analyses. Analysis of variance (PROC GLM of SAS using a RANDOM statement with the TEST option) detected signifi cant variations for location, year, genotype, environment, and their interactions. The results showed that the yield performances of the cowpea genotypes were highly infl uenced by genotype × environment interaction eff ects. The principal component 1 (PC1) and PC2 were signifi cant components which accounted for 46.75% and 22.84% of GGE sum of squares, respectively. We showed for the fi rst time, two mega-environments for cowpea production and testing in the major cowpea production agro-ecologies in Ghana. The genotypes SARI-6-2-6 and IT07K-303-1 were adapted to Damongo, Nyankpala, and Tumu, whereas SARI-2-50-80 was adapted to Yendi and Manga. The best ranking location was Damongo followed by Tumu, and Nyankpala. The high-yielding genotypes, IT86D-610, IT10K-837-1, IT07K-303-1, and SARI-2-50-80 had signifi cant higher grain yields than the check (Bawutawuta) and were recommended for release as cultivars (or as breeding lines) to boost cowpea production in Ghana.