A Gamma Ray Tomographic Densitometer System for the Investigation of Concrete Structure

Amandeep Sharma,B. S. Sandhu,Bhajan Singh 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.41

The aim of the present study is to investigate the feasibility of gamma ray scattering to inspect density variation in any object. A densitometer system, operating in a non-destructive and non-invasive way, is presented to investigate the density variation in concrete structure. A well collimated beam of 662 keV gamma rays from ^(137)Cs radioactive source has been used to extract the information of density variation from interior of sample by recording scattered spectra with NaI(Tl) scintillation detector. An inverse matrix approach for unfolding of observed pulse-height distribution to a true photon spectrum is used, by choosing bin mesh (E^(1/2)) of 0.05 (MeV)^(1/2), for the measurements of scattered spectra. The Compton scattered intensity, obtained by unfolding (deconvolution) the experimental pulse-height distribution of NaI(Tl) scintillation detector with the help of inverse response matrix, provides the desired information.

Wheat Drilling Directly in Combine Harvested Paddy Fields: a Comparative Input-Output Energy Analysis

Sharma Ankit,Brar Amandeep Singh 한국농업기계학회 2022 바이오시스템공학 Vol.47 No.3

Purpose Agriculture’s usage of energy is inextricably connected to technological advancement and mechanization. In this study, the energy analysis of the M1, M2, and M3 wheat-growing methods in combine harvested paddy fields was computed. Method In M1, farmer’s practice (sowing of wheat after burning of paddy straw) was followed but in M2 and M3, a resource conservation technology (sowing of wheat with the Happy Seeder machine without burning of paddy straw) was used for direct drilling of wheat. Results The results indicate thatM1 had maximuminput energy consumption and output energy (23,862.63 and 123,182 MJ ha−1) than M2 andM3, whereas net energy gain was maximum inM3. The share of chemical and diesel energy was maximum in all the methods. The share of direct and non-renewable energy input sources was more than indirect and renewable energy input sources. Estimation of greenhouse gas emission was maximum in M1 followed by M2 and M3 and was mostly dependent on diesel fuel having the highest share among all inputs. The maximum energy use efficiency, energy efficiency ratio, energy productivity, and energy intensiveness, and minimum specific energy were in M3 followed by M2 and M1, which showed that M3 was the most efficient and clean method. Conclusion The conducted study is helpful for researchers/policymakers in framing and developing new agriculture policies and technologies on an energy consumption basis and also provide a feasible alternative to avoid paddy straw burning, declining the environmental pollution.

Application of QbD based approach in method development of RP-HPLC for simultaneous estimation of antidiabetic drugs in pharmaceutical dosage form

Deepika Thakur,Amandeep Kaur,Suraj Sharma 한국약제학회 2017 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.47 No.3

The aim of the proposed study was to develop a novel sensitive and rugged stability indicating HPLC method based on an approach of fractional factorial design (FFD) for the simultaneous of estimation of gliclazide and metformin hydrochloride without prior separation in tablets. Preliminary experiments were conducted to identify the critical attribute factors and using Taguchi screening method to assess risk management method process parameters. Later on FFD was applied to optimize the resolution as response between both drugs in short run time. Sixteen experimental runs were performed from grid search data using design of expert software v.7.0. Furthermore, the optimized method was then validated according to the ICH guidelines. The generated model using FFD for the resolution was found to be highly statistically significant (p\0.05) and after analyzing the optimized zone within the design space, the final chromatographic conditions were selected as mobile phase 60:20:20:0.5, pH 7.5, flow rate 1.0 ml/min and column temperature 25 C using analytical column C18 Nucleosil ODS (250 9 4.6 mm2 i.d, 5 l) at 227 nm of detector wavelength. Validation of the developed method by QbD has manifested the specificity, accuracy and excellent linearity range and correlation values (R2) 0.997 and 0.996 for drugs. From the analysis it was measured that their LOD and LOQ values for the drugs were 0.035, 0.080 lg/ml and 0.40, 0.55 lg/ml. Therefore, a novel sensitive, accurate and stability indicating method was developed with high degree of practical utility of both drugs estimation in pharmaceutical dosage forms.

USE OF QUANTUM MECHANICAL FRAGMENTATION APPROACH IN DECAY DYNAMICS OF 221FR NUCLEUS

MANOJ K. SHARMA,AMANDEEP KAUR 장전수학회 2021 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.24 No.4

The ground state and excited state decay dynamics of 221Fr nucleus is studied using the quantum mechanical fragmentation theory (QMFT) based methodology. The decay paths of ground state 221Fr nucleus, i.e. α-decay, cluster emission and spontaneous fission (SF), are explored within the preformed cluster model (PCM). The relative contribution of these decay modes is investigated in terms of fragmentation potential and preformation probability P0. The calculations are made for the spherical as well as deformed choice of decaying fragments. Here, the deformation effects are included upto quadrupole (β2) shapes of nuclei with ‘hot-compact’ and ‘cold-elongated’ optimum orientations. The halflife times (T1/2) of α particle and 14C cluster are calculated using β2-deformed fragmentation, and find reasonable agreement with the experimental data. The spontaneous fission decay fragments are identified for 221Fr parent nucleus and corresponding decay half-life time is predicted. Further, the excited state decay of 221Fr compound nucleus formed in 19F+202Pt reaction is studied at excitation energy E*CN=10 MeV within the framework of the dynamical cluster-decay model (DCM). Note that DCM is an extended version of PCM, where temperature (T) and angular momentum (ℓ) are duly incorporated. The evaporation residue (ER) and fusion-fission (ff) cross-sections are calculated using hot-compact fragmentation approach. Finally, a relative study of spontaneous fission and induced fission is presented in terms of barrier characteristics and potential energy surfaces.

Antidepressant-Like Activity of n-Hexane Extract of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) Seeds in Mice

Dinesh Dhingra,Amandeep Sharma 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Journal of medicinal food Vol.9 No.1

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of an n-hexane extract of Myristica fragransseedson depression in mice by using the forced swim test (FST) and the tail suspension test (TST). M. fragransextract (5, 10, and20 mg/kg) was administered orally for 3 successive days to different groups of Swiss male young albino mice. M. fragransextract significantly decreased immobility periods of mice in both the FST and the TST. The 10 mg/kg dose was found to bemost potent, as indicated by the greatest decrease in the immobility period compared with the control. Furthermore, this doseof the extract was found to have comparable potency to imipramine (15 mg/kg i.p.) and fluoxetine (20 mg/kg i.p.). The ex-tract did not have a significant effect on locomotor activity of mice. Prazosin (62.5 .g/kg i.p.; an .1-adrenoceptor antago-nist), sulpiride (50 mg/kg i.p.; a selective D2 receptor antagonist), and p-chlorophenylalanine (100 mg/kg i.p.; an inhibitor ofserotonin synthesis) significantly attenuated the M. fragransextract-induced antidepressant-like effect in the TST. Thus, ex-tract of M. fragranselicited a significant antidepressant-like effect in mice, when assessed in both the TST and the FST. Theantidepressant-like effect of the extract seems to be mediated by interaction with the adrenergic, dopaminergic, and seroton-ergic systems.

Capacitance Scaling Based Energy Efficient and Tera Hertz Design of Malayalam Unicode Reader on FPGA

Amanpreet Kaur,Furqan Fazili,Sunny Singh,Vaishali Sharma,Amandeep Singh,Md Hashim Minver 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.8

Malayalam is Kerala's official language, south-western region of India mainly speak this language, and very less research has been done for designing Malayalam Unicode reader. The Unicode range of characters for Malayalam script is 0D00–0D7F. In this work, we are focusing on the script of Malayalam language and its Unicode required for coding in Hardware Descriptive Language. This paper covers the hardware design and implementation of Malayalam Unicode Reader (MUR) for Kairali scripts on Virtex-6 FPGA. This MUR design was tested with the device operating at frequency of 1THz, Capacitance has been varied from 1pF to 25pF with SSTL family (Stub Series Terminated Logic) with an interval of 5pf.

The Conundrum of Obesity and Gastroparesis Hospitalizations: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis of Hospitalization Characteristics and Disparities Amongst Socioeconomic and Racial Backgrounds in the United States

Dushyant S Dahiya,Sumant Inamdar,Abhilash Perisetti,Hemant Goyal,Amandeep Singh,Rajat Garg,Chin-I Cheng,Asim Kichloo,Mohammad Al-Haddad,Neil Sharma 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2022 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.28 No.4

Background/Aims We aim to assess the influence of obesity on gastroparesis (GP) hospitalizations in the United States (US). Methods The National Inpatient Sample was analyzed from 2007-2017 to identify all adult hospitalizations with a primary discharge diagnosis of GP. They were subdivided based on the presence or absence of obesity (body mass index > 30). Hospitalization characteristics, procedural differences, all-cause inpatient mortality, mean length of stay (LOS), and mean total hospital charge (THC) were identified and compared. Results From 2007-2017, there were 140 293 obese GP hospitalizations accounting for 13.75% of all GP hospitalizations in the US. Obese GP hospitalizations were predominantly female (76.11% vs 64.36%, P < 0.001) and slightly older (51.9 years vs 50.8 years, P < 0.001) compared to the non-obese cohort. Racial disparities were noted as Blacks (25.49% vs 22%, P < 0.001) had higher proportions of GP hospitalizations with obesity compared to the non-obese cohort. Furthermore, we noted higher rates of inpatient upper endoscopy utilization (6.05% vs 5.42%, P < 0.001), longer mean LOS (5.71 days vs 5.32 days, P < 0.001), and higher mean THC ($53 373 vs $45 040, P < 0.001) for obese GP hospitalizations compared to the non-obese group. However, obese GP hospitalizations had lower rates of inpatient mortality (0.92% vs 1.33%, P < 0.001), and need for nutritional support with endoscopic jejunostomy (0.25 vs 0.56%, P < 0.001) and total parenteral nutrition (1.46% vs 2.33%, P < 0.001) compared to the non-obese cohort. Conclusions In the US, compared to non-obese, a higher proportion of obese GP hospitalizations were female and Blacks. Obese GP hospitalizations also had higher THC, LOS, and rates of upper endoscopy.

Energy build-up factors estimation for BaZr0.10Ti0.90O3, Ba0.90La0.10TiO3 and Ba0.90La0.10Zr0.10Ti0.90O3 ceramics in shielding applications

Kaur Sarabjeet,Karol Vidushi,Kumar Pankaj,Kaur Gurpreet,Sharma Prianka,Saroa Amandeep,Singh Amrit 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.5

The search for materials that serve as good shields for radiation has become very important in light of the increasing exposure to ionizing radiation in various vital sectors. The aim is to search for novel materials with better radiation shielding properties that are stable, nontoxic, and abundant and environment friendly. The solidstate reaction approach has been used to synthesize a few ceramics, including BaZrXTi1-XO3, Ba1-XLaXTiO3 and Ba1-XLaXZrXTi1-XO3 (with x = 0.10) i.eBaZr0.10Ti0.90O3 (BZT), Ba0.90La0.10TiO3 (BLT), and Ba0.90La0.10Zr0.10Ti0.90O3 (BLZT). The density of the prepared samples varies from 6.3471 to 11.6003 g/cm3. The X-ray diffraction technique, shows strong peaks to confirm the crystalline structure of prepared ceramic samples. Using the G-P fitting approach, the advanced radiation shielding parameters (build-up factor) have been evaluated in the photon energy region of 1.5 keV–15 MeV. It is observed from the results that exposure buildup factor (EBF) and energy absorption buildup factor (EABF) are maximum for BLZT and has the minimum value for BZT in the entire photon energy regime. The results of this work should be useful in radiation shielding applications such as in industry, medicine, and nuclear engineering.

Endoscopic versus surgical management for colonic volvulus hospitalizations in the United States

Dushyant Singh Dahiya,Abhilash Perisetti,Hemant Goyal,Sumant Inamdar,Amandeep Singh,Rajat Garg,Chin-I Cheng,Mohammad Al-Haddad,Madhusudhan R. Sanaka,Neil Sharma 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.3

Background/Aims: Colonic volvulus (CV), a common cause of bowel obstruction, often requires intervention. We aimed to identify hospitalization trends and CV outcomes in the United States. Methods: We used the National Inpatient Sample to identify all adult CV hospitalizations in the United States from 2007 to 2017. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and inpatient outcomes were highlighted. Outcomes of endoscopic and surgical management were compared. Results: From 2007 to 2017, there were 220,666 CV hospitalizations. CV-related hospitalizations increased from 17,888 in 2007 to 21,715 in 2017 (p<0.001). However, inpatient mortality decreased from 7.6% in 2007 to 6.2% in 2017 (p<0.001). Of all CV-related hospitalizations, 13,745 underwent endoscopic intervention, and 77,157 underwent surgery. Although the endoscopic cohort had patients with a higher Charlson comorbidity index, we noted lower inpatient mortality (6.1% vs. 7.0%, p<0.001), mean length of stay (8.3 vs. 11.8 days, p<0.001), and mean total healthcare charge ($68,126 vs. $106,703, p<0.001) compared to the surgical cohort. Male sex, increased Charlson comorbidity index scores, acute kidney injury, and malnutrition were associated with higher odds of inpatient mortality in patients with CV who underwent endoscopic management. Conclusions: Endoscopic intervention has lower inpatient mortality and is an excellent alternative to surgery for appropriately selected CV hospitalizations.