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- 저자 : Alok Kumar Singh (검색결과 14 건)
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Alok Das,Manoj Kumar,Arvind Kumar Singh,Alok Shukla,Jamal Ansari,Subhojit Datta,Narendra Pratap Singh 한국작물학회 2016 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.19 No.4
Production of transgenic pigeonpea is becoming increasingly important, but the methods currently employed in production and subsequent screening still requires improvement. Here, we describe Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of pigeonpea with reporter uidA (gus) gene and selectable marker, neomycin phospho-transferase (nptII) gene. Histochemical assay demonstrate localization of gus activity in cells and transformed plants. Overall, a transformation frequency of 0.33% was achieved using the protocol. Grafting of in vitro-regenerated healthy shoots indicates higher survival percent (72.6%), when stock and scion are of the same variety. Seeds harvested from primary transgenic plants can be screened based on lateral root inhibition strategy. Approximately 87% of the screened T1 plants were found to be PCR positive. In conclusion, in vitro grafting of transgenic pigeonpea shoots leads to better plant establishment and screening based on lateral root inhibition leads to quick identification of positive segregants.
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Singh, Gajendra Pal,Sahay, Alok,Kulshresth, Varun,Kumar, Phani Kiran,Pallavi, Saumya,Ojha, Nand Gopal,Prasad, Bhagwan Chandra Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2010 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.20 No.1
Ten numbers of plants, based on their medicinal value, were used to test their efficacy against virosis (caused by cytoplassmic polyhedrosis virus) in tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury. in indoor rearing conditions. The aqueous extracts of leaf of Azadirichita indica (neem), Acharanthus aspera, Psoralea corylifolia, Asparagus racemosus, Adhatoda zelanica (Basak), Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh), Moringa oilephera (sahjan), whole plant of Phyllanthus urinaria (Bhuiamla), Centella asiatica (Veng sag) and Curcuma longa (Haldi powder) in different concentrations were used for containment of virosis in silkworm larvae. The tasar silkworm larvae were orally inoculated with PIBs ($1\times10^6$) of AmCPV in $2^{nd}$ instar and treated with plant extracts in each instar ($2^{rd}$ instar onwards). The mortality due to virosis was recorded during larval period. The plant extracts, irrespective of their concentrations, were found effective in suppressing the virosis where P. urinaria reduced the virosis to 56.90% followed by A. paniculata (53.82%) and least in C. asiatica (5.15%). The lowest pooled larva mortality 36.99% was recorded in the treatment of P. urinaria. Comparatively higher larva mortality 39.91% was observed with the treatment of A. paniculata. The highest larva mortality in treatment was with C. asiatica (81.99%). In treated control larva mortality was 86.50%.
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Gautam Alok Sagar,Sanjeev Kumar,Sneha Gautam,Aryan Anand,Ranjit Kumar,Abhishek Joshi,Kuldeep Bauddh,Karan Singh 한국기상학회 2021 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.57 No.4
The present paper designed to understand the variations in the atmospheric pollutants viz. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and CO during the COVID-19 pandemic over eight most polluted Indian cities (Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Lucknow, Chandigarh, Kolkata, and Ahmedabad). A significant reduction in the PM2.5 (63%), PM10 (56%), NO2 (50%), SO2 (9%), and CO (59%) were observed over Major Dhyan Chand Stadium. At Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, a decline of 44% in PM2.5 and 50% in PM10 was seen just a week during the initial phase of the lockdown. Gaseous pollutants (NO2, SO2 & CO) dropped up-to 36, 16, and 41%, respectively. The Air Quality Index (AQI) shows a dramatic change from 7% to 67% during observation at Chandigarh and Ballygunge during the inspection. Whereas, Ahmedabad, Worli, Income Tax Office, Talkatora, Lalbagh, and Ballygaunge have showed a significant change in AQI from 25.76% to 68.55%. However, Zoo Park, CST, Central School, and Victoria show relatively low variation in AQI in the range of 3.0% to 14.50% as compare to 2019 after lockdown. Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) analysis suggested that long range transportation of pollutants were also a part and parcel contributing to changes in AQI which were majorly coming from the regions of Iran, Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, as well as a regional grant from Indian Gangatic plains and Delhi Non-capital region.
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( Gajendra Pal Singh ),( Alok Sahay ),( Varun Kulshresth ),( Phani Kiran Kumar ),( Saumya Pallavi ),( Nand Gopal Ojha ),( Bhagwan Chandra Prasad ) 한국잠사학회 2010 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.20 No.1
Ten numbers of plants, based on their medicinal value, were used to test their efficacy against virosis (caused by cytoplassmic polyhedrosis virus) in tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury. in indoor rearing conditions. The aqueous extracts of leaf of Azadirichita indica (neem), Acharanthus aspera, Psoralea corylifolia, Asparagus racemosus, Adhatoda zelanica (Basak), Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh), Moringa oilephera (sahjan), whole plant of Phyllanthus urinaria (Bhuiamla), Centella asiatica (Veng sag) and Curcuma longa (Haldi powder) in different concentrations were used for containment of virosis in silkworm larvae. The tasar silkworm larvae were orally inoculated with PIBs (1×106) of AmCPV in 2nd instar and treated with plant extracts in each instar (2rd instar onwards). The mortality due to virosis was recorded during larval period. The plant extracts, irrespective of their concentrations, were found effective in suppressing the virosis where P. urinaria reduced the virosis to 56.90% followed by A. paniculata (53.82%) and least in C. asiatica (5.15%). The lowest pooled larva mortality 36.99% was recorded in the treatment of P. urinaria. Comparatively higher larva mortality 39.91% was observed with the treatment of A. paniculata. The highest larva mortality in treatment was with C. asiatica (81.99%). In treated control larva mortality was 86.50%.
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Brahmeshwar Mishra,Alok Kumar Singh,Sarita Kumari Yadav 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.6
The research was performed to develop and evaluate floating gastroretentive microsphere based tablets of cefixime trihydrate (CFT) which shows poor oral bioavailability (40–50 %) due to narrow absorption window. The microspheres were prepared by varying ratios of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) and ethyl cellulose using non-aqueous solvent evaporation method. Fourier transform infrared analysis of prepared microspheres demonstrated the compatibility of drug and polymers. Differential scanning calorimetric and X-ray diffraction studies confirmed changes in crystalline structure of CFT within the formulation. Scanning electron microscopy showed spherical and porous nature of microspheres. Microspheres were characterized for particle sizes (70–160 lm), percentage yield (84–95 %), and encapsulation efficiencies (35–80 %). Micrometric parameters such as angle of repose, Carr’s index were in acceptable limit and indicated microsphere elicited free flowing behaviour. Tableted microspheres illustrated buoyancy for more than 12 h as compared to drug tablets. In vitro release of drug was more controlled and prolonged on tableting the microspheres exhibiting biphasic pattern. Kinetically, microspheres followed Fickian (case I) diffusion mechanism while tableted microspheres followed non-Fickian diffusion (anomalous) mechanism for CFT release. Conclusively, tableting of microsphere into swellable and controlled release polymers like HPMC are expected to enhance gastric retention and bioavailability of CFT due to small particle size, changes in crystallinity of CFT, prolonged floating behavior and controlled release profile.
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( Agrawal Ruchi ),( Alok Satlewal ),( Manav Chaudhary ),( Amit Verma ),( Rachna Singh ),( A. K. Verma ),( Rajesh Kumar ),( K. P. Singh ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.6
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) pseudomonads have a large number of lipopolysaccharides on the cell surface, which induces immune responses. Cd-resistant PGPR prevalent at the Cd-affected sites under biophytostabilization was monitored. Transmissiom electron microscopy was used to the study the behavior of tolerance of PGPR to cadmium level and its effect on pseudomonad strains (Z9, S2, KNP2, CRPF, and NBRI). An immunosensor was developed by immobilizing antibody (anti-Z9 or anti-S2) against selected PGPR on a piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Immunosensors were found to supplement the inherent specificity of antigen-antibody reactions with the high sensitivity of a physical transducer. On comparison of the efficiency of detection with ELISA, the spectrophotometric technique, the developed immunosensor was found to be more sensitive, fast, and reliable even after regeneration for several times. Thus, the immunosensor may be used for future detection of PGPR strains after automation of the screening process.
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A simple, rapid and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of camptothecin
Karwasara, Vijai Singh,Nahata, Alok,Dixit, Vinod Kumar 경희한의학연구센터 2012 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.12 No.2
Camptothecin (CPT) represents a clinically useful class of anticancer agent. Proper identification and quantitation of the CPT in the plant extracts and in-vitro cell culture extracts is fundamental to assess the CPT content and its biosynthetic potential in plants. A simple, sensitive and rapid, spectrofluorimetric method has been developed and validated for the quantitative estimation of camptothecin. The method was validated in terms of linearity (2-20 ng/ml), precision (intra-day variation below 0.15, interday variation below 1.2), and accuracy (98.0 to 100.2%). The limit of detection and limit of quantification for CPT were found to be 0.10 ng/ml and 0.36 ng/ml, respectively. The developed spectrofluorimetric method provides a rapid and cost effective method for the routine analysis of CPT in plant extracts and tissue culture samples. The developed method was successfully used for the estimation of CPT in natural plant extracts and cell culture extracts. The Nothapodytes nimmoniana callus cells having nearly 3-fold higher CPT content over the leaf (0.005%) explant of the plant. The highest CPT content was found in the stem part (0.092%) followed by the fruit (0.088%). The method is simple, sensitive and precise; it can be used for the routine quality control testing of formulations containing CPT.
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Role of epigenetics in crop improvement: Water and heat stress
Saurabh Saraswat,Alok Kumar Yadavi,Preeti Sirohi,Nand K. Singh 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.3
Overall transcriptomic activity of an organism is determined not only by its genetic makeup but also by epigenetic regulations. Reprogramming by epigenetic modification triggered by various environmental challenges contributes to the phenotypic diversity and defense against these challenges. Different stresses acts as stimulus and changes genic expression level by various mechanisms namely DNA methylation, histone modifications and miRNA. Epigenetics is a continuously progressing branch since the past two decades. Improvement of crop varieties with traditional breeding methods is tedious, time consuming, expensive and is unable to meet progressive living standards and demand in today’s world whereas epigenetics holds great potential for the improvement of plant varieties with respect to yield and nutritional quality by creation of novel epialleles, transgenic RNAi. RNA interference has been used for the improvement of several crops like barley, wheat, soybean etc by reduction of various anti-nutritive factors or enhancement of flavor. Silencing of Omega–3 fatty acid desaturase gene is achieved using RNAi technology for the reduction of linoleic acid and improvement of flavor. HvTX1 from barley shows increased expression during drought stress indicating its active role in drought tolerance which further can be exploited for the development of improved crop variety with increased drought tolerance. Also multiple HAT genes in rice are reported to be actively expressed under heat and water stress. Studies of epigenetic responses to different stresses can increase our understanding of plant stress adaptation and mechanism underlying them which can be further exploited for the development of improved crop varieties.
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Effect of NTT on Performance of AODV in a Grid Topology-Based Wireless Ad Hoc Network
Saurabh Sharma,Alok Singh,Rajneesh Kumar Srivastava 한국정보과학회 2022 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.16 No.3
Routing in wireless ad hoc networks that enable nodes, acting as routers also, to find the best path between source and destination nodes, taking into account cost, is a very challenging task. In the present work, an investigation of performance of AODV routing protocol in a grid topology based ad hoc network by varying the value of node traversal time (NTT) and taking into account absence and presence of Hello messages is reported. A set of metrics, including Average End-to-End Delay, Packet Delivery Ratio, Throughput, Routing Overhead, Route Error Overhead, Normalized Routing Load, Average Hop Count, and Total Number of Received Data Packets, has been used to assess the performance of AODV in the grid network. Performance of AODV routing protocol varies in the value of NTT. Throughput in grid topology, by and large, is observed to decrease with an increase in NTT. However, explicit relations between certain metrics with NTT as well as simulation time could not be traced due to intricacies involved in the combination of states of various links and flows in the grid topology. To have better insights, grid topologies of two, three, and four rows are planned to be investigated in the future.
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