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Advanced Design, Fabrication, and Applications of 3D-Printable Piezoelectric Nanogenerators
M. A. Parvez Mahmud,Partho Adhikary,Ali Zolfagharian,Scott Adams,Akif Kaynak,Abbas Z. Kouzani 대한금속·재료학회 2022 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.18 No.2
Piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) is a leading-edge mechanical energy harvesting device used in portable power supplyand self-powered sensor systems. Advanced 3D printers have been recently used to create 3D printed (3DP) PENGs. This hasfacilitated the rapid fabrication of PENGs and their integration into wearable electronics, biomedical systems, and internetof things devices. However, researchers face several critical challenges in developing robust 3DP-PENGs that can produceadequate electrical energy for self-powered systems. Therefore, this review on 3DP-PENGs is conducted to highlight theirrecent developments and challenges. This paper presents the latest 3D-printed piezoelectric nanogenerators in terms of theirmaterials selection and functionalization, design and architecture formation, and applications including pressure sensors,fl ow sensors, microphones, and implants. Finally, crucial challenges and optimization strategies that considerably impactthe output performance of 3DP-PENGs, along with a roadmap for their future enhancement are given. It is envisioned thatthis work will help reduce the gap between 3D printing and PENG technologies and accelerate the research and developmentof 3DP-PENGs.