Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 Promoter Genetic Variants Are Associated with the Response to Pegylated Interferon α Plus Ribavirin Combination Therapy in Egyptian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection

( Fahmy T Ali ),( Mohamed A M Ali ),( Mayada M A Elgizawy ),( Ahmed M Elsawy ) 대한소화기학회 2015 Gut and Liver Vol.9 No.4

Background/Aims: The T-helper 1 (TH1) immune reaction is essential for the eradication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) during pegylated interferon α (PEG-IFN-α)- and ribavirin (RBV)-based therapy in chronic HCV patients. Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) was shown to be a crucial cytokine for the initiation of a TH1 immune response. We aimed to investigate whether SPP1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may influence sustained virological response (SVR) rates. Methods: Two SNPs in the promoter region of SPP1 at the .443 C>T and .1748 G>A loci were genotyped in 100 patients with chronic HCV genotype 4 infection using a TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. Results: Sixty-seven patients achieved a SVR, and 33 patients showed no SVR. Patients carrying the T/T genotype at the .443 locus showed a significantly higher SVR rate than those carrying the C/T or C/C genotype (83.67% vs 50.98%, p<0.001). At the .1748 locus, the SVR rate was significantly higher in patients with the G/G genotype than in those with the A/A genotype (88.89% vs 52.63%, p=0.028) and in patients with the G/A genotype than in those with the A/A genotype (85.29% vs 52.63%, p=0.001). Conclusions: SPP1 SNPs at .443 C>T and .1748 G>A loci may be useful markers for predicting the response to PEG-IFN-α-2b plus RBV therapy in Egyptian patients with chronic HCV genotype 4 infection. (Gut Liver 2015;9:516-524)

Histopathological and genetic changes proved the anti‑cancer potential of free and nano‑capsulated sinapic acid

Doaa A. Badr,Mohamed E. Amer,Wagih M. Abd‑Elhay,Mohamed S. M. Nasr,Tamer M. M. Abuamara,Harbi Ali,Aly F. Mohamed,Maha A. Youssef,Nasser S. Awwad,Yi‑Hsu Ju,Ahmed E. Fazary 한국응용생명화학회 2019 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.62 No.5

Cancer is known to be a fierce disease that causes a large percentage of the deaths worldwide. The common cancer treatments; chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are known for their severe side effects; therefore scientists are working on finding solutions to reduce these drawbacks. One of these treatment systems is the sustained released drugs formulations, these systems depend on the encapsulation of the chemotherapy within an emulsifying agent, in order to obtain a slow drug release of low doses over long time intervals. In this study, the anti-cancer effects of free and encapsulated sinapic acid was tested against lung (A549), and colon (CaCo2) cancer cell lines, along with normal fibroblast cells (HFB4) as a negative control. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was performed for IC50 evaluation, also cell cycle assay was performed to detect cell cycle arrest status and related anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic; Blc-2, BAX, and P53 gene profile fold changes post cellular treatment. Data recorded revealed that encapsulated SA showed a lower toxicity than the free form to both cell lines and also to the normal cells. The cell cycle analysis showed a cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase post cell treatment with the free and encapsulated sinapic acid accompanied with up regulation of Bax and P53 and a down regulation of Blc-2 genes in both cell lines. The data suggest a promising anti-cancer and anti-proliferative potential of free and encapsulated sinapic acid. Also they show that the anti-cancer effect of free and encapsulated sinapic acid is quite close.

Distribution of Glutathione S-Transferase Omega Gene Polymorphism with Different Stages of HBV Infection Including Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Egyptian Population

Shaban, Nadia Z,Salem, Halima H,Elsadany, Mohamed A,Ali, Bahy A,Hassona, Ehab M,Mogahed, Fayed AK Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4

Background: Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major global public health problem, with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Human cytosolic glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) include several classes such as alpha (A), mu (M), pi (P), sigma (S), zeta (Z), omega (O) and theta (T). The present study aimed to investigate the role of GST omega genes (GSTO1 and GSTO2) in different groups of patients infected with HBV. Materials and Methods: HBV groups were classified according to clinical history, serological tests and histological analysis into normal carriers (N), acute (A), chronic (CH), cirrhosis (CI) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases. The study focused on determination of the genotypes of GST omega genes (GSTO1 and GSTO2) and GST activity and liver function tests. Results: The results showed that GSTO1 (A/A) was decreased in N, A, CH, CI and HCC groups compared to the C-group, while, GSTO1 (C/A) and GSTO1(C/C) genotypes were increased significantly in N, A, CH, CI and HCC groups. GSTO2 (A/A) was decreased in all studied groups as compared to the C-group but GSTO2(A/G) and GSTO2(G/G) genotypes were increased significantly. In addition, GST activities, albumin and TP levels were decreased in all studied groups compared to the C-group, while the activities of transaminases were increased to differing degrees. Conclusions: The results indicate that GSTO genetic polymorphisms may be considered as biomarkers for determining and predicting the progression of HBV infection.

Synthesis and Three-dimensional Qualitative Structure Selectivity Relationship of 3,5-Disubstituted-2,4- Thiazolidinedione Derivatives As COX2 Inhibitors

Ali, Ahmed M.,Saber, Gamal E.,Mahfouz, Nadia M.,EI-Gendy, Mahmoud A.,Radwan, Awwad A.,Hamid, Mohamed A.-EI. 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.10

In our effort for synthesis of selective COX2 inhibitors, certain new 2,4-thiazolidinedione derivatives were synthesized. It necessitates preparation of potassium salt of 2,4-thiazolidinedione 2, which condensed with intermediate 4a. The resulting 3-[2-(4-methylphenyl)-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl]-2,4-thiazolidinedione 8 was condensed with appropriate aldehyde to afford compounds 10a, 10i-I, 10o and 10p. Compounds (9a-I, 10a-n, 10p, 11 and 12) were obtained through the preparation of 5-arylmethylidene-2,4-thiazolidinediones 6a-p and reaction of its potassium salt 7a-p with compounds 4a, 4b, and 5. Some compounds displayed significant analgesic activity as compared to reference standards. The anti-inflammatory activity of the synthesized compounds revealed that intermediate 8 and compounds 9c, 10c and 10d showed good results. Compound 10c produced no significant mucosal injury. HipHop methodology of Catalyst program was used to build up hypothetical model of selective COX2 inhibitors followed by fitting the synthesized compounds to this model. Compounds 10c and 10d were suspected to be promising selective COX2 inhibitors. Also, compounds (6c, 8, 9a,c,d,k, 10a,c,d,k, 11 and 12) were docked into COX1 and COX2 X-ray structures, using DOCK6 program. Docking results suggested that several of these derivatives are active COX inhibitors with a significant preference for COX2.

Response of rotational parameter in the stagnation point with motile microorganism: Unsteady nanofluid

Mohamed A. Khadimallah,Imene Harbaoui,Sofiene Helaili,Abdelhakim Benslimane,Humaira Sharif,Muzamal Hussain,Muhammad Nawaz Naeem,Mohamed R. Ali,Aqib Majeed,Abdelouahed Tounsi Techno-Press 2023 Advances in concrete construction Vol.15 No.4

The unsteady mixed convection Casson type MHD nanofluid flow in the stagnation point with motile microorganism around a spinning sphere is investigated. Time dependent flow dynamics is considered. Similarity transformations have been employed to transfer the governing partial differential structure into ordinary differential structure. The impact of distinct parameters is examined via tables and graphs. The impact of rotational parameter (spin) on profiles of velocity profiles, temperature and concentration is revealed for unsteady mixed convection Casson type MHD nanofluid flow. It is observed that it is clear that rotational parameter has a great effect on non-dimensional primary velocity component but rotational parameter has a slight impact on non-dimensional secondary velocity component. The validity of the current investigation is authorized through comparing the existing outcomes with previous published literature.

Structural performance of submerged ring support FG shell using numerical ananlysis

Mohamed A. Khadimallah,Muzamal Hussain,Ahmad Yahya,Khaled Mohamed Khedher,Faisal Al-Thobiani,Shauket Ali Tahir,Abdelouahed Tounsi 국제구조공학회 2021 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.80 No.3

In this study, the cylindrical shell submerged in a fluid and surrounded by ring supports. The use of acoustic wave equation is done to incorporate the sound pressure produced in a fluid. Hankel’s functions of second kind designate the fluid influence. Mathematically the integral form of the Lagrange energy functional is converted into a set of three partial differential equations. Shell motion equations are framed first order shell theory due to Love. These equations are partial differential equations which are usually solved by approximate technique. The transverse constraints produced ring supports are assumed by the polynomial functions possessing degree equal to the number of ring supports. The frequencies with ring supports against wave number, length-to-radius ratio and height-to-radius ratio are investigated. The frequency analysis versus wave number for simply supported cylindrical shells submerged in a fluid with ring supports is given for different types of configuration. The variations of frequencies against the positions of the ring supports are furnished for not submerged and submerged cylindrical shells. It is observed that vibration frequencies increase and decreases as the positions of a ring support is increased. Programming is written in MATLAB codes to solve the frequency equation for the computation of frequencies of shells submerged in a fluid along with ring supports. The frequency result of submerged cylindrical shell is less than with the results of not submerged cylindrical shell. Robust and efficient technique produced the valid results.

Ameliorative effects of Dictyota dichotoma on hepatotoxicity induced by gibberellic acid in albino rats

Ali Shaimaa,Moselhy Walaa A.,Mohamed Hanaa M.,Nabil Taghreed M.,Abo El-Ela Fatma I.,Abdou Kh. 한국독성학회 2022 Toxicological Research Vol.38 No.3

Gibberellic acid (GA3) is a natural plant growth regulator that is crucial for plant structural and functional development. We examined the alleviating capacity of brown algae (Dictyota dichotoma) on biochemical and molecular degenerative processes caused by sub-chronic exposure to gibberellic acid resulting in hepatic cell apoptosis. Adult male albino rats were divided into five equal groups: the first group received distilled water, the second group was treated with GA3, the third group was administered D. dichotoma extract suspended in 1% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), the fourth group was administered both GA3 and D. dichotoma simultaneously, and the fifth group received 1% CMC orally, 5 days per week for a total of 50 days. The results indicated that GA3 induced a significant increase in liver function parameters based on serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and albumin, which indicate hepatotoxicity. A marked increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and a marked decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were observed as a result of induction of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Histopathology revealed severely degenerated hepatocytes including cytoplasmic vacuolations and many apoptotic cells with weak Bcl2 expression. Similarly, there was a significant up-regulation of gene and protein expression levels for the pro-apoptotic markers, Caspase-3 and Bax, and an increase in pro-inflammatory marker levels, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as well as C-reactive protein (CRP). The co-administration of D. dichotoma restored the disrupted biochemical, histopathological, molecular, and inflammatory changes resulting from GA3 toxicity. Our results confirm the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and hepatoprotective potential of D. dichotoma.

RNA Colony Blot Hybridization Method for Enumeration of Culturable Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus Bacteria

Grim, Christopher J.,Zo, Young-Gun,Hasan, Nur A.,Ali, Afsar,Chowdhury, Wasimul B.,Islam, Atiqul,Rashid, Mohammed H.,Alam, Munirul,Morris Jr., J. Glenn,Huq, Anwar,Colwell, Rita R. American Society for Microbiology 2009 Applied and environmental microbiology Vol.75 No.17

<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>A species-specific RNA colony blot hybridization protocol was developed for enumeration of culturable <I>Vibrio cholerae</I> and <I>Vibrio mimicus</I> bacteria in environmental water samples. Bacterial colonies on selective or nonselective plates were lysed by sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the lysates were immobilized on nylon membranes. A fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide probe targeting a phylogenetic signature sequence of 16S rRNA of <I>V. cholerae</I> and <I>V. mimicus</I> was hybridized to rRNA molecules immobilized on the nylon colony lift blots. The protocol produced strong positive signals for all colonies of the 15 diverse <I>V. cholerae</I>-<I>V. mimicus</I> strains tested, indicating 100% sensitivity of the probe for the targeted species. For visible colonies of 10 nontarget species, the specificity of the probe was calculated to be 90% because of a weak positive signal produced by <I>Grimontia</I> (<I>Vibrio</I>) <I>hollisae</I>, a marine bacterium. When both the sensitivity and specificity of the assay were evaluated using lake water samples amended with a bioluminescent <I>V. cholerae</I> strain, no false-negative or false-positive results were found, indicating 100% sensitivity and specificity for culturable bacterial populations in freshwater samples when <I>G. hollisae</I> was not present. When the protocol was applied to laboratory microcosms containing <I>V. cholerae</I> attached to live copepods, copepods were found to carry approximately 10,000 to 50,000 CFU of <I>V. cholerae</I> per copepod. The protocol was also used to analyze pond water samples collected in an area of cholera endemicity in Bangladesh over a 9-month period. Water samples collected from six ponds demonstrated a peak in abundance of total culturable <I>V. cholerae</I> bacteria 1 to 2 months prior to observed increases in pathogenic <I>V. cholerae</I> and in clinical cases recorded by the area health clinic. The method provides a highly specific and sensitive tool for monitoring the dynamics of <I>V. cholerae</I> in the environment. The RNA blot hybridization protocol can also be applied to detection of other gram-negative bacteria for taxon-specific enumeration.</P>

Copyright Protection for Digital Image by Watermarking Technique

Ali, Suhad A.,Jawad, Majid Jabbar,Naser, Mohammed Abdullah Korea Information Processing Society 2017 Journal of information processing systems Vol.13 No.3

Due to the rapid growth and expansion of the Internet, the digital multimedia such as image, audio and video are available for everyone. Anyone can make unauthorized copying for any digital product. Accordingly, the owner of these products cannot protect his ownership. Unfortunately, this situation will restrict any improvement which can be done on the digital media production in the future. Some procedures have been proposed to protect these products such as cryptography and watermarking techniques. Watermarking means embedding a message such as text, the image is called watermark, yet, in a host such as a text, an image, an audio, or a video, it is called a cover. Watermarking can provide and ensure security, data authentication and copyright protection for the digital media. In this paper, a new watermarking method of still image is proposed for the purpose of copyright protection. The procedure of embedding watermark is done in a transform domain. The discrete cosine transform (DCT) is exploited in the proposed method, where the watermark is embedded in the selected coefficients according to several criteria. With this procedure, the deterioration on the image is minimized to achieve high invisibility. Unlike the traditional techniques, in this paper, a new method is suggested for selecting the best blocks of DCT coefficients. After selecting the best DCT coefficients blocks, the best coefficients in the selected blocks are selected as a host in which the watermark bit is embedded. The coefficients selection is done depending on a weighting function method, where this function exploits the values and locations of the selected coefficients for choosing them. The experimental results proved that the proposed method has produced good imperceptibility and robustness for different types of attacks.

Examination of Correlations Between Several Biochemical Components and Powdery Mildew Resistance of Flax Cultivars

Aly, Aly A.,Mansour, Mahmoud T. M.,Mohamed, Heba I.,Abd-Elsalam, Kamel A. The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2012 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.28 No.2

A field trial was conducted in 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 growing seasons at Giza Agricultural Research Station to examine correlations between some biochemical componets and powdery mildews ($PM_s$) resistance in flax cultivars. Nine flax cultivars could be divided into five distinct groups, i.e., highly susceptible (Cortland and C.I. 2008), moderately susceptible (Giza 7, and Marshall), moderately resistant (Cass), resistant (Koto, Dakota and Wilden), and highly resistant (Ottowa 770B). The cultivars showed considerable variation in PM severity ranged from 8.05 on Ottowa 770B to 97.02% on Cortland. Total soluble proteins, total phenols, antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase), ascorbic acid, tocopherol, and malondialdehyde (MDA), were determined in uninfected leaves of the tested cultivars. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated to measure the degree of association between PM severity and each component. All components showed significant (P < 0.05) or highly significant (P < 0.01) negative correlation with PM severity except MDA, which showed positive correlation (P < 0.01). Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the causal relationship between the biochemical components (independent variables) and PM severity (dependent variable). Coefficient of determination ($R^2$) values of the generated models ranged from 48.76 to 77.15%. Tocopherol, MDA, and proteins were the most important contributors to the total variation in PM severity as the $R^2$ values of their models were 71.78, 75.28, and 77.15%, respectively. The results of the present study suggest that tocopherol, MDA, and proteins in uninfected leaves can be used as biochemical markers to predict PM resistance in flax.