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Effect of Supplementing Sheep with Sunflower Acid Oil or its Calcium Soap on Nutrient Utilization
Alexander, G.,Rao, Z. Prabhakara,Prasad, J. Rama Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.9
Four adult rams ($22.25{\pm}0.90kg$) were used in a $4{\times}4$ latin square design to evaluate the rations without ($T_1$) or with supplementation of sunflower acid oil at 5 ($T_2$), 10 ($T_3$) or calcium soap at 10% of dietary DM ($T_4$) on nutrient digestibility and balances of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus. The basal ration contained 60 parts Brazilian napier grass hay and 40 parts concentrate mixture. The DM, CF, NDF and ADF digestibilities and nitrogen retention (g/d) decreased (p<0.01) by inclusion of sunflower acid oil at 5% of dietary DM. In addition, depression (p<0.01) in digestibilities of CP, nitrogen free extract (NFE), cellulose, hemicellulose, retention of calcium and phosphorus (g/d) were also observed with increasing the level of sunflower acid oil to 10% of dietary DM. The EE digestibility, total digestible nutrients (TDN) content and calcium retention (g/d) were significantly higher (p<0.01) for ration supplemented with calcium soap. It is concluded that sunflower acid oil supplementation in free form as low as 5% of dietary DM is deleterious to fibre digestion in sheep while as calcium soap, it can be fed up to 10% of dietary DM as an energy source without any adverse effect.
Markus Göring,Alexander Fay 한국원자력학회 2013 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.45 No.5
The design of computer-based instrumentation and control (I&C) systems is determined by the allocation of I&C functionsto I&C systems and components. Due to the characteristics of computer-based technology, component failures can negativelyaffect several I&C functions, so that the reliability proof of the I&C systems requires the accomplishment of I&C systemdesign analyses throughout the I&C life-cycle. On one hand, this paper proposes the restructuring of the sequential IEC 61513 I&C life-cycle according to the V-model,so as to adequately integrate the concept of verification and validation. On the other hand, based on a metamodel for themodeling of I&C systems, this paper introduces a method for the modeling and analysis of the effects with respect to thesuperposition of failure combinations and event sequences on the I&C system design, i.e. the temporal change of physicalstructure is analyzed. In the first step, the method is concerned with the modeling of the I&C systems. In the second step, themethod considers the analysis of temporal change of physical structure, which integrates the concepts of the diversity anddefense-in-depth analysis, fault tree analysis, event tree analysis, and failure mode and effects analysis.
IRF1 is critical for the TNF-driven interferon response in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes
Michael Bonelli,Karolina Dalwigk,Alexander Platzer,Isabel Olmos Calvo,Silvia Hayer,Birgit Niederreiter,Johannes Holinka,Florian Sevelda,Thomas Pap,Günter Steiner,Giulio Superti-Furga,Josef S. Smolen,H 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by persistent synovial inflammation. The major drivers of synovial inflammation are cytokines and chemokines. Among these molecules, TNF activates fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), which leads to the production of inflammatory mediators. Here, we show that TNF regulates the expression of the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) in human FLSs as well as in a TNF transgenic arthritis mouse model. Transcriptomic analyses of IRF1-deficient, TNF-stimulated FLSs define the interferon (IFN) pathway as a major target of IRF1. IRF1 expression is associated with the expression of IFNβ, which leads to the activation of the JAK-STAT pathway. Blocking the JAK-STAT pathway with the Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKinib) baricitinib or tofacitinib reduces the expression of IFN-regulated genes (IRGs) in TNF-activated FLSs. Therefore, we conclude that TNF induces a distinct inflammatory cascade, in which IRGs are key elements, in FLSs. The IFN-signature might be a promising biomarker for the efficient and personalized use of new treatment strategies for RA, such as JAKinibs.
Prolonged intensive care: muscular functional, and nutritional insights from the COVID-19 pandemic
Miguel Ángel Martínez-Camacho,Robert Alexander Jones-Baro,Alberto Gómez-González,Dalia Sahian Lugo-García,Pía Carolina Gallardo Astorga,Andrea Melo-Villalobos,Bárbara Kassandra Gonzalez-Rodriguez,Ánge 대한중환자의학회 2024 Acute and Critical Care Vol.39 No.1
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, clinical staff learned how to manage patients enduring extended stays in an intensive care unit (ICU). COVID-19 patients requiring critical care in an ICU face a high risk of experiencing prolonged intensive care (PIC). The use of invasive mechanical ventilation in individuals with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome can cause numerous complications that influence both short-term and long-term morbidity and mortality. Those risks underscore the importance of proactively addressing functional complications. Mitigating secondary complications unrelated to the primary pathology of admission is imperative in minimizing the risk of PIC. Therefore, incorporating strategies to do that into daily ICU practice for both COVID-19 patients and those critically ill from other conditions is significantly important.
Zeolite Membranes: Functionalizing of Properties by Tailored Compositions
Hannes Richter,Marcus Weyd,Adrian Simon,Jan-Thomas Kühnert,Christiane Günther,Ingolf Voigt,Alexander Michaelis 한국막학회 2017 멤브레인 Vol.27 No.6
Membrane separation is a technology of low energy consumption. Membranes made of zeolites are of great interest because their fixed and open pores in the size of small molecules inside crystalline structures allow separation processes under harsh conditions. While zeolite NaA (LTA-type) is industrially used for dewatering of organic solvents, its pore size and thermal and hydrothermal stability can be tuned by exchange of framework and extra-framework elements. SOD with pores of only 0.28 nm is of great interest for H 2 - und H 2 O-separation and also can be tuned by ion exchange. Zeolites open the opportunity to create membranes of adapted separation behavior for small molecules in conditions of surrounding technical processes.
Formate-driven growth coupled with H<sub>2</sub> production
Kim, Yun Jae,Lee, Hyun Sook,Kim, Eun Sook,Bae, Seung Seob,Lim, Jae Kyu,Matsumi, Rie,Lebedinsky, Alexander V.,Sokolova, Tatyana G.,Kozhevnikova, Darya A.,Cha, Sun-Shin,Kim, Sang-Jin,Kwon, Kae Kyoung,Im Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2010 Nature Vol.467 No.7313
Although a common reaction in anaerobic environments, the conversion of formate and water to bicarbonate and H<SUB>2</SUB> (with a change in Gibbs free energy of ?G째 = +1.3??kJ??mol<SUP>??1</SUP>) has not been considered energetic enough to support growth of microorganisms. Recently, experimental evidence for growth on formate was reported for syntrophic communities of Moorella sp. strain AMP and a hydrogen-consuming Methanothermobacter species and of Desulfovibrio sp. strain G11 and Methanobrevibacter arboriphilus strain AZ. The basis of the sustainable growth of the formate-users is explained by H<SUB>2</SUB> consumption by the methanogens, which lowers the H<SUB>2</SUB> partial pressure, thus making the pathway exergonic. However, it has not been shown that a single strain can grow on formate by catalysing its conversion to bicarbonate and H<SUB>2</SUB>. Here we report that several hyperthermophilic archaea belonging to the Thermococcus genus are capable of formate-oxidizing, H<SUB>2</SUB>-producing growth. The actual ?G values for the formate metabolism are calculated to range between ??8 and ??20??kJ??mol<SUP>??1</SUP> under the physiological conditions where Thermococcus onnurineus strain NA1 are grown. Furthermore, we detected ATP synthesis in the presence of formate as a sole energy source. Gene expression profiling and disruption identified the gene cluster encoding formate hydrogen lyase, cation/proton antiporter and formate transporter, which were responsible for the growth of T. onnurineus NA1 on formate. This work shows formate-driven growth by a single microorganism with protons as the electron acceptor, and reports the biochemical basis of this ability.
Alexander Kretschmer,Alexander Buchner,Benedikt Leitl,Markus Grabbert,Anne Sommer,Wael Khoder,Christian Gozzi,Christian G. Stief,Ricarda M. Bauer 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2016 International Neurourology Journal Vol.20 No.4
Purpose: To evaluate long-term outcomes of AdVance and AdVanceXP male slings in patients with persistent stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Methods: A total of 18 consecutive patients received AdVance (n=14) or AdVanceXP (n=4) male sling implantation between 2007 and 2013. Continence was determined by pad use, 24-hour pad testing and validated questionnaires (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form, ICIQ-SF). Quality of life was evaluated by International Quality of Life (IQoL) score. Patient satisfaction was measured with patient’s global impression of improvement score. Cure was defined as 0–5 g in the 24-hour pad test. Statistical analysis included Fisher exact and Wilcoxon test (P<0.05). Results: Follow-up was available for 15 patients who underwent further analysis. After a median follow-up of 70 months (range, 18–83 months), mean daily pad usage was 1.8±2.1 pads (P=0.015 vs. baseline level). Mean IQoL score was 66.4±31.6 (P=0.050 vs. baseline level), and mean ICIQ-SF score was 9.5±6.6 (P=0.077 vs. baseline level). Based on 24-hour pad testing, mean daily urine loss was 31.2±64.5 g (median, 0 g; range, 0–209 g). Cure rate was 46.7%, and cure-and-improved rate was 60.0%. Assessing predictive features for success, better results were found in patients who needed up to 4 pads preoperatively (P=0.041) as well as for patients ≤71 years at the time of implantation (P=0.041). Conclusions: The findings indicate that AdVance and AdVanceXP implantation can be performed effectively and safely in men suffering from SUI after TURP. However, long-term success rates seem to be lower compared to SUI after radical prostatectomy and patients should be counseled accordingly.
" Multineuron " Neural Simulator and Its Medical Applications
Alexander N. Gorban,S. E. Gliev,D. A. Kochenov,Ye. M. Mirkes,S. E. Golovenkin,S. A. Dogadin,K. G. Nazdrachev,E. V. Maslennikova,G. V. Matyushin,D. A. Rossiev,V. A. Shulman,A. A. Savchenko 대한전자공학회 1994 ICONIP : International Conference On Neural Inform Vol.3 No.1