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        Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction of Amoxicillin Using Miniaturization Technology

        Al-Saidi Said,Mjalli Farouq S.,Al-Azzawi Marwah,Al-Wahaibi Talal,Abutarboosh Belal,AlSaadi Mohammed A. 한국화학공학회 2024 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.41 No.5

        Antibiotics discharged with medical waste have had a negative impact on humans as well as aquatic organisms. Because of the severity of its eff ects and the frequency with which it appears in medical effl uent, extraction has become obligatory. Conducting mass transfer operations in microchannels is a promising technology that has several benefi ts over traditional methods. In this study, the potential of performing two-phase aqueous extraction of amoxicillin in a microchannel setup was investigated. To fully comprehend the process, it was necessary to study the system's hydrodynamics and consider the variables that had the greatest infl uence on the extraction in the microchannel. In the hydrodynamics part, the inlet junction showed an insignifi cant eff ect on the fl ow pattern type while the fl ow rate and volume fraction had a major eff ect. The plug fl ow zone was chosen for the microchannel extraction based on its high surface area and ease of separation. Aqueous two-phase system extraction (ATPS) was conducted in a microchannel to extract amoxicillin from the aqueous phase. Three process parameters were investigated, namely temperature, salt concentration, and volume fraction, which showed a direct proportionality infl uence on extraction effi ciency. The optimum operation conditions obtained were found to be, a temperature of 44.3 °C, a salt concentration of 42.6 wt.%, and a volume fraction of 0.45. This was accomplished in 1.96 min as compared to the 540 min reported for the conventional ATPS.

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        Removal of Cadmium from Water by CNT–PAC Composite: Effect of Functionalization

        Mohammed A. AlSaadi,Abdullah Al Mamun,Md. Zahangir Alam,Mutiu Kolade Amosa,Muataz Ali Atieh 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.1

        Cadmium (Cd2+) is one of the toxic heavy metals that is frequently used in many industrial products. The wastewater from these industries and their products contains residual cadmium that are diffcult to be removed economically from the effluent. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized in several batches and tested for their removal efficacy with regards to cadmium removal from synthetic wastewater. Fixed catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) reactor system was fabricated in the laboratory for the synthesis of CNTs on the powdered activated carbons (PACs). The PACs were impregnated with Fe3+ catalysts, and growth parameters such as the reaction time, gas flow rates and reaction temperature were optimized. The sorption capacity of the raw CNT–PAC was not satisfactory until the sorbents were functionalized which eventually led to high adsorption capacities. The surface properties of CNT–PAC were modified by oxidative functionalization using two different methods: sonication with KMnO4 and refluxing with HNO3 at 140℃. KMnO4-treated CNT–PAC exhibited the highest sorption capacity for cadmium uptake which increased from 4.77 mg/g (untreated CNT–PAC) to 11.16 mg/g; resulting in Cd2+ removal efficiency from 38.87% to 98.35%.

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