Liver functions in combined models of the gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity and metabolic syndrome induced by high fat or fructose diets: a comparative study

Ibraheem Zaid O.,Farhan Sinan Subhi,Al Sumaidaee Ajwad,Al sufi Layth,Bashir Anas,Balwa Anmar,Basir Rusliza 한국독성학회 2021 Toxicological Research Vol.37 No.2

Metabolic syndrome is one of the major risk factors that lead to various serious complications like cardiovascular abnormalities, hyperlipidemia and diabetes. Its co-incidence with other organs dysfunction results in further deterioration of the condition or precipitation of other dysfunctions. This study aimed at studying the changes in the hepatic functions after the co-incidence of the high fat or fructose diets induced metabolic syndrome along with the gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. Briefly, six groups of male Sprague Daley rats (n = 10–12) were fed with different feeding protocols; viz; standard rodent’s chow, an experimental high fat or high fructose diets feedings. For each, two groups were allocated that one of them was injected with normal saline and the other with 80 mg/kg/day I.P gentamicin during the last 24 days of the feeding period. The rats were monitored for changes in the metabolic data, glycemic control, lipid profile, renal and hepatic functions, oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. The study revealed stronger hepatic changes in the renal failure groups fed with the high fat diet rather than that in the groups fed with the high fructose diet. Although, the latter experienced a stronger deterioration in the glycemic control. The study suggests that the incidence of the hepatic changes is more linked to the incidence of the deterioration in the lipids profile that was observed after the high fat diet feeding. Overall, the co-incidence of the high fat diet induced metabolic syndrome along with the renal failure constitutes a risk factor for the hepatic dysfunction.

Synchronous Colorectal and Prostate Cancer: Dual PET/CT Approach for Detecting and Distinguishing Metastatic Patterns

Akram Al‑Ibraheem 대한핵의학회 2023 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.57 No.6

Prostate cancer (PC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are two of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality. The incidence ofsynchronous neoplasms in patients with CRC is increasing, though synchronous PC and CRC remains a rare occurrence inclinical practice. Early diagnosis, accurate staging, and characterization of tumors are essential for selecting patient-tailoredtherapy. The origin of metastatic disease in synchronous cases presents a challenge for conventional imaging modalities, butadvances in molecular imaging have addressed this limitation. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is now the preferred modality for assessing synchronous cases. The authors present a 72-year-old male patient with therare occurrence of two coexisting primary cancers. At first, fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT detected thefirst colorectal primary tumor extension along with evidence of heterogeneous 18F-FDG activity within an enlarged prostate,warranting further evaluation. Subsequently, gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen (68 Ga-PSMA) PET/CT imagingrevealed the second prostate primary cancer with evidence of bone metastases. Adoption of a dual PET/CT approach incases where biopsy is impractical can achieve accurate staging results during the initial diagnostic workup.

Current Status of Theranostics in Jordan

Akram Al-Ibraheem,Ali Mohamedkhair 대한핵의학회 2019 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.53 No.1

Exploring the unknown is one of the key factors that lead to great discoveries in mankind history.With the advances in medicine and the development of new approaches towards patient care, like next-generation sequencing and patient-centered care, the need for treatments tailored to patient through personalized medicine has become more compelling. Theranostics has been introduced as a combination of a diagnostic tool and a therapeutic tool on the same vector for a specific disease, to facilitate personalized medicine. Nuclear medicine has shown the capability of providing a strong platform for this new approach through its arms, molecular imaging, and targeted molecular therapies. Though the prototype of theranostics has been practiced in Jordan since decades in the field of diagnosis and treatment of well-differentiated thyroid cancer, recently, the King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), a leading and comprehensive cancer center in Jordan and in the Middle East, has leaped forward to introduce the new approaches of theranostics through the nuclear medicine applications. This paper sheds the light on the most important aspects of this new theranostics practice in Jordan such as peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)–based theranostics.

161Tb‑PSMA Unleashed: a Promising New Player in the Theranostics of Prostate Cancer

Akram Al-Ibraheem,Andrew M. Scott 대한핵의학회 2023 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.57 No.4

Radiotheranostics with 177Lu-PSMA have changed the treatment paradigm in patients with prostate cancer, becoming thenew standard in certain settings. Terbium-161 (161Tb) has been recently investigated as a potential radionuclide for radiotheranosticsin various types of cancer, including metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The nuclearmedicine team at King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC) in Amman, Jordan, recently published the first-in-human SPECT/CT imaging results following a well-tolerated dose of 161Tb-PSMA radioligand therapy with no treatment-related adverseevents, adding to the potential of radiotheranostics in prostate cancer. Two clinical trials for 161Tb-PSMA radioligand therapyin prostate cancer are currently underway and will provide valuable insights. This review will shed light on the expandingfield of radiotheranostics in prostate cancer, which is not without challenges, and will discuss how the introduction of a newtherapeutic option like 161Tb-PSMA may help to combat these challenges and build on the proven success of 177Lu-PSMAbasedradiotheranostics for the benefit of prostate cancer patients worldwide.

68Ga-DOTATOC Embolus Manifestation and Spontaneous Resolution by PET/CT

Akram Al-Ibraheem,Deya’ Aldeen Sweedat,Anwer Farah,Feras Istatieh,Malik E. Juweid 대한핵의학회 2022 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.56 No.4

68Ga-labeled somatostatin receptor analogs physiologic distribution patterns have become recognizable among nuclear medicine physicians because of the increasing routine clinical use of this modality in the work-up of neuroendocrine tumors. Some pitfalls during 68Ga-labeled somatostatin receptor PET/CT have recently been reported as causes of misdiagnoses. Iatrogenic microembolism as a cause of 18F-FDG embolus is well-established; however, 68Ga-DOTATOC embolus is not well documented in the literature. In the current case, the presence and the spontaneous resolution of the 68Ga-labeled somatostatin receptor analogs embolus during sequential PET/CT are nicely demonstrated. Awareness of this incidental finding would avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary investigations.

Molecular Imaging in Recurrent Prostate Cancer Presented as a Mixed Small Neuroendocrine Tumor/Acinar Adenocarcinoma

Akram Al-Ibraheem,Dhuha Ali Al‑Adhami,Ahmed Saad Abdlkadir,Nabeela Al‑Hajaj,Rami Ghanem,Ramiz Abu‑Hijlih,Samer Salah 대한핵의학회 2023 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.57 No.4

Molecular imaging is an important tool for evaluating patients with prostate cancer, including those with hybrid histopathology. Although rare, mixed small neuroendocrine tumor/acinar adenocarcinoma exhibit aggressive behavior that necessitatesoptimal therapy. Molecular imaging has been implemented previously to assess radioligand therapy eligibility in such cases. Interestingly, the uptake of radiotracers targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and somatostatin receptor maybe reduced and can potentially lead to false negative readings in certain tumor types with hybrid features. Therefore, physiciansshould be aware of different kinds of disparities when assessing these tumor types with the aforementioned modalities.

Improved Patient Outcomes with Electrocauterization Following Wedge Resection and Curettage for Ingrown Toenails: A Prospective Comparative Study

Marzouq Amarin,Raed Al-Taher,Khaled Daradka,Amal Ibraheem Abd al Qader Abu Harb,Rawan Abd AlMohsen Mohammad Habashneh,Nadwa Basem Bustami,Yazan Hijazein,Hiba Hadadin,Sondos Wa'el Sa'dat Al-Najjar Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2024 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.51 No.2

Background Ingrown toenail is a common condition that results in chronic pain, recurrent infections, and difficulty in performing daily activities. Our aim is to compare two surgical methods for the treatment of ingrown toenails: wedge resection with curetting versus wedge resection curetting followed by electrocauterization of the nail bed. Methods A prospective, comparative study that included 130 patients with ingrown toenails. All patients had stage II or III disease. We divided the participants into two groups according to the type of surgery and all patients were followed up for 6 months. The outcomes measured were the incidence of postoperative bleeding and infection, recovery time, patient satisfaction, and recurrence rate 6 months after surgery. Results Of the 130 patients included, 59 (45.4%) underwent excision and curetting of the nail matrix (group 1) and 71 (54.6%) underwent excision, curetting, and electrocauterization of the nail matrix (group 2). The postoperative infection rates were 20.3 and 4.2% in the first and second groups, respectively (p = 0.004). Patient satisfaction was 76.3% among the first group, while 91.5% of patients in the second group were satisfied with the results of surgery. Six months postoperatively, recurrence rates were 25.4 and 4.2% in the first and second groups, respectively (p = 0.001). Conclusion Wedge excision and curettage, followed by electrocauterization of the ingrown toenail is a safe treatment modality with a high success rate, that is evident by a lower recurrence rate, and greater patient satisfaction, with no effect on postoperative pain score or recovery time.

Disrupting Escherichia coli: A Comparison of Methods

Benov, Ludmil,Al-Ibraheem, Jameela 생화학분자생물학회 2002 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.35 No.4

The often-encountered problem of disrupting bacteria for the purpose of extracting soluble protein has generated various methods. Many require specialized equipment. Very often, especially during preliminary studies, investigators need a simple, fast, and inexpensive method for cell disruption that preserves biological activity. This paper compares some simple and inexpensive methods for cell disruption, such as bead-vortexing, freesing-thawing, French pressing, and sonication. It also provides some tips to increase protein yield and preserve biological activity. If performed under optimal conditions, bead-vortexing gives protein yields that are comparable to French pressing and sonication. It also preserves the activities of labile enzymes and releases periplasmic enzymes. Vortexing with glass beads appears to be the simplest method for cell disruption.

Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy and the Treatment of Gastroentero-pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Current Findings and Future Perspectives

Hirmas, Nader,Jadaan, Raya,Al-Ibraheem, Akram 대한핵의학회 2018 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.52 No.3

Purpose and Methods Patients with inoperable and metastasized neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), particularly those with grades 1 and 2, usually receive treatment with somatostatin analogues (SSAs). Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has gained momentum over the past two decades in patients who progress on SSAs. 177Lu-DOTATATE is currently the most widely used radiopeptide for PRRT. We reviewed the recent evidence on PRRT and the treatment of gastroentero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). Results $^{177}Lu$-DOTATATE can be used as neoadjuvant treatment in patients with inoperable GEP-NETs, who might be candidate for surgery after treatment and as adjuvant therapy after surgical intervention. Combination treatments of PRRT with chemotherapy or targeted agents as well as combinations of radionuclides in patients with NETs have been explored over the last few years. The majority of patients with NETs experience partial response or have disease stabilization, a small percentage has complete response, while some 30% of patients, however, will have disease progression. The safety and efficacy of retreatment with extra cycles of PRRT as salvage therapy have been evaluated in small retrospective series. Conclusion Overall, there is evidence that disease control and quality of life improve significantly after 117Lu PRRT therapy. Clinical trials on this therapy are scarce, and there is a need for further studies to establish proper management guidelines.

Hub Location-allocation in Computer-based Networks under Disruption Using Whale Optimization Algorithm

Iskandar MUDA,R. Sivaraman,Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary,Untung Rahardja,Rusul S. Bader,Deni Kadarsyah,Karrar Shareef Mohsen,Abdullah Hasan Jabbar,Purnima Chaudhary 대한산업공학회 2022 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.21 No.3

In this research, the location of hubs in computer networks is investigated using the whale optimization algorithm. The problem of locating hubs in computer networks is an optimization problem and requires the definition of a suitable fit function. Therefore, the total data transfer time and the cost of creating hubs is used as a fit function. Capacitive hubs increase network availability because hubs have more response capacity than the number of node requests connected to the hubs. In hub location issues, the study seeks to connect the nodes to the nearest hub and create a computer network with the least cost of connecting the nodes to the hubs. The present study attempts to reduce disruptions in computer networks as a research innovation. Therefore, by using the whale optimization algorithm and solving the model with its help, the effective factors that affect computer network disruptions and examining the effect of each are identified. Given the results, the model’s reaction in terms of time and cost led to an increase in temporal and cost parameters.