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Durability Improvement of Synthetic Dry Adhesives by Metal Coatings
Kim, Gyuhe,Ahn, Taechang,Hwang, Hui Yun Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2017 Advances In Materials Science And Engineering Vol.2017 No.1
<P>Gecko-like synthetic dry adhesives (SDAs) have adhesion comparable to that of a real Gecko’s foot, but with very low durability. To address this problem, self-cleaning or stiff core embedding methods have been proposed. However, the proposed methods require special locomotion or complicated manufacturing. In this study, we suggested a metal coating on synthetic dry adhesives to improve durability. SDAs were fabricated via PDMS. Then, metals such as indium, zinc, and gold were coated on the SDAs. The adhesion tests show that the indium- and zinc-coated microstructures have a higher shear adhesion strength than the noncoated ones. Also, the shear adhesion strength of noncoated SDAs was only 14.5% of the initial strength while that of the zinc-coated ones was 35.6% after 200 times of attachment and detachment. We could find PDMS debris and fractures on noncoated SDAs, which results in weakening of the adhesion strength. On the other hand, a relatively high hardness, strength, and stiffness of the zinc coating layers reduced the wear and fractures of the micropatterns, which led to an improved durability in the SDAs. From these tests, we can conclude that the metal coating method could improve the durability of the SDAs.</P>
Lee, Tae-Rim,Ahn, Jin Mo,Kim, Gyuhee,Kim, Sangsoo Korea Genome Organization 2017 Genomics & informatics Vol.15 No.4
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has become a trend in the genomics research area. There are many software programs and automated pipelines to analyze NGS data, which can ease the pain for traditional scientists who are not familiar with computer programming. However, downstream analyses, such as finding differentially expressed genes or visualizing linkage disequilibrium maps and genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, still remain a challenge. Here, we introduce a dockerized web application written in R using the Shiny platform to visualize pre-analyzed RNA sequencing and GWAS data. In addition, we have integrated a genome browser based on the JBrowse platform and an automated intermediate parsing process required for custom track construction, so that users can easily build and navigate their personal genome tracks with in-house datasets. This application will help scientists perform series of downstream analyses and obtain a more integrative understanding about various types of genomic data by interactively visualizing them with customizable options.
La Tae-Min,Kim Ji-hoon,Kim Taesoo,Lee Hong-Jae,이윤석,Shin Hyunjin,송용준,Ahn Gyuhee,Hur Won,이중복,Park Seung-Yong,Choi In-Soo,이상원 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2021 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.17 No.4
Background The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens in the environment has been increasing, posing a threat to public health. Next-generation sequencing technology, which is both low cost and large scale, was used to identify antibiotic-resistance genes or toxin genes in these pathogens. Short-read sequencing cannot fully reconstruct bacterial chromosomes and plasmids carrying toxin genes and antibiotic-resistance genes because of their location on the insertion sequences or repeat regions. Third-generation sequencing generated long reads that could cover the repetitive and/or insertion sequences, allowing for complete chromosome and plasmid reconstruction. However, the optimal protocols for whole-genome sequencing of antibiotic-resistance pathogenic bacteria, from DNA extraction to genome assembly, are still being researched. Objective To develop a pipeline of optimal methods for whole-genome sequencing of bacteria, we compared three commercial DNA extraction kits (column extraction, magnetic bead extraction, and precipitation extraction), two third-generation sequencing platforms (MinION and PacBio), and three assembly methods (flye, unicycler, and unicycler_hybrid). The assembly results were evaluated based on the number of contigs and the detection of anti-microbial-resistance genes. Results Magnetic bead extraction method generated longer N50 read lengths and greater read length distribution than the other two extraction methods. The Flye assembler in combination with magnetic bead extraction and MinION sequencing provided consistent successful plasmid assembly results and detected all antimicrobial-resistance gene in all datasets. Conclusion DNA extraction, sequencing platform, and assembly methods can all have an impact on the results of bacterial whole-genome sequencing. Our findings could be a practical protocol for researchers who use third-generation sequencing to perform bacterial whole-genome sequencing by consistently resolving small plasmids carrying antibiotic-resistance genes. Background The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens in the environment has been increasing, posing a threat to public health. Next-generation sequencing technology, which is both low cost and large scale, was used to identify antibiotic-resistance genes or toxin genes in these pathogens. Short-read sequencing cannot fully reconstruct bacterial chromosomes and plasmids carrying toxin genes and antibiotic-resistance genes because of their location on the insertion sequences or repeat regions. Third-generation sequencing generated long reads that could cover the repetitive and/or insertion sequences, allowing for complete chromosome and plasmid reconstruction. However, the optimal protocols for whole-genome sequencing of antibiotic-resistance pathogenic bacteria, from DNA extraction to genome assembly, are still being researched. Objective To develop a pipeline of optimal methods for whole-genome sequencing of bacteria, we compared three commercial DNA extraction kits (column extraction, magnetic bead extraction, and precipitation extraction), two third-generation sequencing platforms (MinION and PacBio), and three assembly methods (flye, unicycler, and unicycler_hybrid). The assembly results were evaluated based on the number of contigs and the detection of anti-microbial-resistance genes. Results Magnetic bead extraction method generated longer N50 read lengths and greater read length distribution than the other two extraction methods. The Flye assembler in combination with magnetic bead extraction and MinION sequencing provided consistent successful plasmid assembly results and detected all antimicrobial-resistance gene in all datasets. Conclusion DNA extraction, sequencing platform, and assembly methods can all have an impact on the results of bacterial whole-genome sequencing. Our findings could be a practical protocol for researchers who use third-generation sequencing to perform bacterial whole-genome sequencing by consistently resolving small plasmids carrying antibiotic-resistance genes.