Potential of Flax Fiber Reinforced Biopolymer Composites for Cross-Arm Application in Transmission Tower: A Review

Muhammad Rizal Muhammad Asyraf,Mohamad Ridzwan Ishak,Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim,Abdul Latif Amir,Norizan Mohd Nurazzi,Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas,Mochamad Asrofi,Mazlan Rafidah,Muhammad Rizal Razman 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.4

Man-made composites are vastly implemented in various engineering applications, particularly in cross-arm component of latticed transmission tower. However, their practice in this sector has increased pollutant emissions and landfill areas. Thus, scientists and engineers have been driven to look for other ‘greener’ alternative materials that have low-cost and renewable sources. Flax fibers and poly(lactic) acid (PLA) biopolymer have been extensively used to develop vast green composite structural products because of their great mechanical behaviours. A comprehensive understanding of properties of composite materials is essential to evaluate their applicability, especially in structural applications. This manuscript discusses the physic-mechanical properties and processing and manufacturability of flax fiber, PLA biopolymer and their composites. This review also comprehensively discovers the potential of fabric flax fiber-reinforced PLA composites for cross-arm application. The chemical composition, extraction, treatment and fabrications of these fiber and biopolymer are elaborated deeply given that these aspects are essential for the development of green composite cross-arm.

Parametric Investigation of Metals (Au, Ag, Pt and Cu) Using Analytical Hierarchy Process

Muhammad Asif,Faiz Rasool,Zubair Butt,Muhammad Shahzad,Nouman Ahmad,Abdul Rehman Chishti 한국전기전자재료학회 2019 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.20 No.2

Metals especially gold, silver, platinum and copper are getting more attention for application in electronics fi eld due to their versatile properties. In this paper, we selected the materials after comparison on the basis of their signifi cant properties. Those properties are conductivity, physical properties, reactivity, cost and demand and supply. We investigate the conductivity of metals at various temperature values, their historically monthly prices along with their worldwide demand and supply. First, we compare their conductivity and resistivity for various values of temperature as well as by adding impurity into them. Secondly, we examined their responses when they are in contact with the atmosphere, their historically monthly prices, availability in the earth crust, and a brief discussion on the structure of these metals. These metals are widely used in electronics and jewelry because of their good conductivity, chemical stability and long lasting. We implemented the analytical hierarchy process for the parametric investigation of these metals which is a general theory of measurement. It has been used to derive ratio scales from both continuous and discrete paired comparison. This comparison is taken from actual measurement which refl ects the relative strength of preferences. The metals are also useful to design electrical stimulator with low-frequency current to regulate the blood of the human body. By using the stimulator at acupuncture points to pass through small electrical signal is useful to control blood fl ow in the human body as well as provides relief in pain.

Is it Necessary to Submit Grossly Normal Looking Gall Bladder Specimens for Histopathological Examination?

Tayeb, Muhammad,Rauf, Fozia,Ahmad, Khurshid,Khan, Faiz Muhammad Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.4

Background: The objectives of the study were to: 1) determine the frequency of incidental malignancy in unsuspected/grossly normal looking gall bladders; 2) determine the frequency of malignancy in suspected/grossly abnormal looking gall bladders. Materials and Methods: This prospective, cross sectional study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan, during a four year period (Jan 2009-dec2012). All the cholecystectomy cases performed for gallstone diseases were examined initially by a surgeon and later on by a pathologist for macroscopic abnormalities and accordingly assigned to one of the three categories i.e. grossly normal, suspicious, abnormal/malignant. Frequency of incidental carcinoma in these categories was observed after receiving the final histopathology report. Results: A total of 426 patients underwent cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis, with a 1:4 male: female ratio. Mean age of the patients was 45 years with a range of 17-80 years. The frequency of incidental gallbladder carcinoma was found to be 0.70 %(n=3). All the cases of gallbladder carcinoma were associated with some macroscopic abnormality. Not a single case of incidental carcinoma gallbladder was diagnosed in 383 'macroscopically normal looking' gallbladders. Conclusions: Incidental finding of gall bladder cancer was not observed in any of macroscopically normal looking gall bladders and all the cases reported as carcinoma gallbladder had some gross abnormality that made them suspicious. We suggest histopathologic examination of only those gall bladders with some gross abnormality.

Plasmonic effects and size relation of gold-platinum alloy nanoparticles

Jawad, Muhammad,Ali, Shazia,Waseem, Amir,Rabbani, Faiz,Amin, Bilal Ahmad Zafar,Bilal, Muhammad,Shaikh, Ahson J. Techno-Press 2019 Advances in nano research Vol.7 No.3

Plasmonic effects of gold and platinum alloy nanoparticles (Au-Pt NPs) and their comparison to size was studied. Various factors including ratios of gold and platinum salt, temperature, pH and time of addition of reducing agent were studied for their effect on particle size. The size of gold and platinum alloy nanoparticles increases with increasing concentration of Pt NPs. Temperature dependent synthesis of gold and platinum alloy nanoparticles shows decrease in size at higher temperature while at lower temperature agglomeration occurs. For pH dependent synthesis of Au-Pt nanoparticles, size was found to be increased by increase in pH from 4 to 10. Increasing the time of addition of reducing agent for synthesis of pure and gold-platinum alloy nanoparticles shows gradual increase in size as well as increase in heterogeneity of nanoparticles. The size and elemental analysis of Au-Pt nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and EDX techniques.

Current Status of Coral Reef Fish Abundances at Pulau Bidong and Nearby Islands, South China Sea Using Stereo-Diver Operated Video System

Afiq-Firdaus Aminudin Muhammad,Safuan Che Din Mohd,Shafie Suhaidi,Izhar Lila Iznita,Awalludin Ezmahamrul Afreen,Ahmad Muhammad Faiz,Johari Nur Arbaeen Mohd,Bachok Zainudin 한국해양과학기술원 2023 Ocean science journal Vol.58 No.2

Tropical coral reef fish assemblages in the South China Sea (SCS) have not been well-studied; thus, this research investigated the species richness of coral reef fishes at Pulau Bidong and the surrounding islands of Terengganu, Malaysia. Fish surveys were conducted using the Stereo-Diver Operated Video System (Stereo-DOVs) technique from July to October 2019 at 14 sites with different underwater reef structural features. A total of 8259 individuals and 52 reef fish species belonging to 14 families with a density of 23.597 ind. m− 3 were identified and counted from the surveys. Among the families, Scaridae (parrotfish— herbivore), Labridae (wrasse—invertivore), Serranidae (grouper—carnivore), Lutjanidae (snapper—carnivore), and Chaetodontidae (butterflyfish—corallivore) were commonly recognized as indicator fishes for reef health. Based on trophic groups, the proportion of herbivores was significantly highest (51%), followed by carnivores (26%), invertivores (21%) and corallivores (2%). Among the indicator species, Scarus psittacus (Scaridae—parrotfish; Common Parrotfish, 0.829 ind. m− 3) was predominant, followed by Lutjanus lutjanus (Lutjanidae—snapper; Bigeye Snapper, 0.463 ind. m− 3) and Thalassoma lunare (Labridae—wrasse; Moon Wrasse, 0.229 ind. m− 3). The fish communities found at each station were 80% similar between locations. The density at each station ranged from 0.280 to 4.834 ind. m− 3, the diversity index (H′) recorded was between 2.186 and 3.492 and evenness (J′) ranged from 0.610 to 0.862. The high abundance and diversity and significant proportion of indicator fishes might indicate that the coral reef ecosystems at Pulau Bidong and surrounding islands are in good condition. This study offers significant ecological data on fish assemblages of tropical coral reef ecosystems, specifically in the SCS region on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia.

Molecular Characterization of FLT3 Mutations in Acute Leukemia Patients

Ishfaq, Mariam,Malik, Arif,Faiz, Mariam,Sheikh, Ishfaq Ahmad,Asif, Muhammad,Khan, Muhammad Nasrullah,Qureshi, Muhammad Saeed,Zahid, Sara,Manan, Abdul,Arooj, Mahwish,Qazi, Mahmood Husain,Chaudhary, Ade Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9

Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) performs a vital role in the pathogenesis of hematopoietic malignancies. Therefore in recent times, the focus of several studies was on use of FLT3 as a prognostic marker. The present study investigated the molecular characterization and incidence of FLT3 mutations in acute leukemia patients in Pakistan. A total of 55 patients were studied, of which 25 were suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 30 were suffering from acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The polymerase chain reaction demonstrated FLT3/ITD mutations in 1 (4%) of 25 ALL patients, a male with the L2 subtype. In AML cases the rate was 4 (13.3%) of 30, three males and one female. The AML-M4 subtype was found in three and the AML M2 subtype in the other. In the AML cases, a statistically significant (p=0.009) relationship was found between WBC (109/L) and FLT3/ITD positivity. However, no significant relationship was found with other clinical parameters (p>0.05). In acute myeloid leukemia (AML) $FLT3/ITD^+$ mutation was more prevalent in elderly patients 31-40 age groups, 21-30 and 51-60 age groups respectively. In acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) statistically no significant relationship was found between clinical features and FLT3/ITD positivity (p>0.05). However, in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) $FLT3/ITD^+$ mutation was more commonly found in age groups of 21-30.

Extended Technology Acceptance Model for Enhanced Distribution Strategies to Online Learning: Application of Phantom Approach

Izzat ISMAIL,Asyraf AFTHANORHAN,Noor Aina Amirah MOHAMAD NOOR,Nurul Aisyah Awanis A RAHIM,Sheikh Ahmad Faiz Sheikh Ahmad TAJUDDIN,Muhammad Takiyuddin Abdul GHANI 한국유통과학회 2024 유통과학연구 Vol.22 No.4

Purpose: This study is aimed to introduce the application of phantom approach with structural equation modelling method for online learning. By integrating these innovative methodologies, the research seeks to advance the understanding of how the phantom approach can effectively complement and augment structural equation modeling techniques. Research design, data and methodology: A theoretical framework of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was modified and updated. A questionnaire was developed and used to extract information from 189 instructors who used online learning as their primary medium. The Covariance Based Structural Equation Modelling (CBSEM) was applied to test the direct effects and the phantom approach is used to handle the 2 mediators in the model. Results: social influence, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use exerted discernible impacts on instructors' intentions to engage in online learning. These findings illuminate the intricate dynamics influencing instructor behavior within the realm of online education, underscoring the significance of various factors in shaping their intentions. Conclusions: In additions, the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use had mediated the effect of social influence and instructor intention using phantom approach. Therefore, one can have concluded that this modified model was also confirmed, thereby reinforcing distribution strategies to online learning and overall education presence.