Rice Allelopathic Potential of Recombinant Inbred Lines in Nongan/Sathi Cross

Junaedi Ahmad,Chun Seung-Gy,Lee Sang-Bok,Chung Ill-Min,Kim Kwang-Ho 한국작물학회 2005 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

Differentially Expressed Genes of Potentially Allelopathic Rice in Response against Barnyardgrass

Junaedi, Ahmad,Jung, Woo-Suk,Chung, Ill-Min,Kim, Kwang-Ho The Korean Society of Crop Science 2007 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.10 No.4

Differentially expressed genes(DEG) were identified in a rice variety, Sathi, an indica type showing high allelopathic potential against barnyardgrass(Echinochloa crus-galli(L.) Beauv. var. frumentaceae). Rice plants were grown with and without barnyardgrass and total RNA was extracted from rice leaves at 45 days after seeding. DEG full-screening was performed by $GeneFishing^{TM}$ method. The differentially expressed bands were re-amplified and sequenced, then analyzed by Basic Local Alignment Search Tool(BLAST) searching for homology sequence identification. Gel electrophoresis showed nine possible genes associated with allelopathic potential in Sathi, six genes(namely DEG-1, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9) showed higher expression, and three genes(DEG-2, 3 and 6) showed lower expression as compared to the control. cDNA sequence analysis showed that DEG-7 and DEG-9 had the same sequence. From RT PCR results, DEG-6 and DEG-7 were considered as true DEG, whereas DEG-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8 were considered as putative DEG. Results from blast-n and blast-x search suggested that DEG-1 is homologous to a gene for S-adenosylmethionine synthetase, DEG-2 is homologous to a chloroplast gene for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit, DEG-8 is homologous to oxysterol-binding protein with an 85.7% sequence similarity, DEG-5 is homologous to histone 2B protein with a 47.9% sequence similarity, DEG-6 is homologous to nicotineamine aminotransferase with a 33.1% sequence similarity, DEG-3 has 98.8% similarity with nucleotides sequence that has 33.1% similarity with oxygen evolving complex protein in photosystem II, DEG-7 is homologous to nucleotides sequence that may relate with putative serin/threonine protein kinase and putative transposable element, and DEG-4 has 98.8% similarity with nucleotides sequence for an unknown protein.

Diallel Analysis for Rice Allelopathic Potential against Barnyardgrass Assessed in Field Condition

Ahmad Junaedi,Sang Bok Lee,Ill Min Chung,Kwang Ho Kim 한국육종학회 2008 한국육종학회지 Vol.40 No.1

A complete diallel cross was performed to determine the inheritance of allelopathic potential and combining ability of six rice germplasm that showed different level of allelopathic potential against barnyardgrass. Parents and F1 of 30 crosses were assessed for allelophatic potential in field condition. Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. var. frumentaceae) was used for rice allelopathic potential indicator which was observed in height and shoot dry weight, then suppression percentage were calculated by comparing to barnyardgrass grown in control plot (no rice). It was found that general combining ability showed no significant effect, whereas specific combining ability and reciprocal effect were significant. Variance analysis confirmed that genetic control of allelopathic potential in rice against barnyardgrass was mostly directed by dominance gene effect. The dominant genes were associated with high allelopathic potential and recessive genes were associated with low allelopathic potential. Heritability in broad sense for barnyardgrass dry weight suppression was around 41%; whereas for barnyardgrass height suppression was 51%. However, heritability in narrow sense was very low. The finding suggests that accumulation of genes associated with allelopathic potential would be a strategy to develop promising varieties in reference with the specific combining ability of cross combinations.

Biological Resources Potential and the Recent State of International Cooperation in Indonesia

Changho Park,Ahmad Junaedi,Mira Lee,Yeonhee Lee 한국생물정보시스템생물학회, 국가핵심연구센터(NCRC)소장협의회, 생물학연구정보센터 2010 Interdisciplinary Bio Central (IBC) Vol.2 No.-

Indonesia is a mega-biodiversity country having at least one trillion US Dollars value of biological resources per year over the next 20 years. Indonesia is home to 11 percent of the world’s flowering plant species and 12 percent of all mammals. Many of Indonesia’s species and more than half of the archipelago’s endemic plant species are found nowhere else on the Earth. This information is just a small portion of all higher plants and animals being found in Indonesia. Former studies described that total number of species in Indonesia is estimated more than 1,000,000 and most of them remain unknown scientifically. Most of lower plants and animals have not been studied yet, so that greatest portion of Indonesia’s biological resources has never been assessed with respect to its economic value or conservation status. Many developed countries are building cooperation with Indonesia on resources, mainly in the fields of grant aid, socio-economic services, R & D, researcher exchange, technology transfer, infrastructure, education/training, finance, etc. Indonesia will obtain greater benefits and management of its biological richness via increasing its international capacity to add value and information to its biological diversity. These goals can be achieved by close international collaboration on search of important biological resources and other bioactive products that have potential economic values. Development of biological resource-based technology stands as the industry of the 21st century and, therefore, Indonesia has a unique opportunity to lead the process in the world.

Growth responses of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.) seedlings to different shading levels

Furqoni Hafith,Junaedi Ahmad,Wachjar Ade,Yamamoto Yoshinori 한국작물학회 2017 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.-

Biological Resources Potential and the Recent State of International Cooperation in Indonesia

Park, Chang-Ho,Junaedi, Ahmad,Lee, Mi-Ra,Lee, Yeon-Hee Korean Society for Bioinformatics 2010 Interdisciplinary Bio Central (IBC) Vol.2 No.4

Indonesia is a mega-biodiversity country having at least one trillion US Dollars value of biological resources per year over the next 20 years. Indonesia is home to 11 percent of the world's flowering plant species and 12 percent of all mammals. Many of Indonesia's species and more than half of the archipelago's endemic plant species are found nowhere else on the Earth. This information is just a small portion of all higher plants and animals being found in Indonesia. Former studies described that total number of species in Indonesia is estimated more than 1,000,000 and most of them remain unknown scientifically. Most of lower plants and animals have not been studied yet, so that greatest portion of Indonesia's biological resources has never been assessed with respect to its economic value or conservation status. Many developed countries are building cooperation with Indonesia on resources, mainly in the fields of grant aid, socio-economic services, R & D, researcher exchange, technology transfer, infrastructure, education/training, finance, etc. Indonesia will obtain greater benefits and management of its biological richness via increasing its international capacity to add value and information to its biological diversity. These goals can be achieved by close international collaboration on search of important biological resources and other bioactive products that have potential economic values. Development of biological resource-based technology stands as the industry of the $21^{st}$ century and, therefore, Indonesia has a unique opportunity to lead the process in the world.

Differentially Expressed Genes of Potentially Allelopathic Rice in Response against Barnyardgrass

Kwang-Ho Kim,Ahmad Junaedi,정우석,정일민 한국작물학회 2007 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.10 No.4

Differentially expressed genes (DEG) were identified in a rice variety, Sathi, an indica type showing high allelopathic potential against barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. var. frumentaceae). Rice plants were grown with and without barnyardgrass and total RNA was extracted from rice leaves at 45 days after seeding. DEG full-screening was performed by GeneFishingTM method. The differentially expressed bands were re-amplified and sequenced, then analyzed by Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) searching for homology sequence identification. Gel electrophoresis showed nine possible genes associated with allelopathic potential in Sathi, six genes (namely DEG-1, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9) showed higher expression, and three genes (DEG-2, 3 and 6) showed lower expression as compared to the control. cDNA sequence analysis showed that DEG-7 and DEG-9 had the same sequence. From RT PCR results, DEG-6 and DEG-7 were considered as true DEG, whereas DEG-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8 were considered as putative DEG. Results from blast-n and blast-x search suggested that DEG-1 is homologous to a gene for S-adenosylmethionine synthetase, DEG-2 is homologous to a chloroplast gene for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit, DEG-8 is homologous to oxysterol-binding protein with an 85.7% sequence similarity, DEG-5 is homologous to histone 2B protein with a 47.9% sequence similarity, DEG-6 is homologous to nicotineamine aminotransferase with a 33.1% sequence similarity, DEG-3 has 98.8% similarity with nucleotides sequence that has 33.1% similarity with oxygen evolving complex protein in photosystem II, DEG-7 is homologous to nucleotides sequence that may relate with putative serin/threonine protein kinase and putative transposable element, and DEG-4 has 98.8% similarity with nucleotides sequence for an unknown protein. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) were identified in a rice variety, Sathi, an indica type showing high allelopathic potential against barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. var. frumentaceae). Rice plants were grown with and without barnyardgrass and total RNA was extracted from rice leaves at 45 days after seeding. DEG full-screening was performed by GeneFishingTM method. The differentially expressed bands were re-amplified and sequenced, then analyzed by Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) searching for homology sequence identification. Gel electrophoresis showed nine possible genes associated with allelopathic potential in Sathi, six genes (namely DEG-1, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9) showed higher expression, and three genes (DEG-2, 3 and 6) showed lower expression as compared to the control. cDNA sequence analysis showed that DEG-7 and DEG-9 had the same sequence. From RT PCR results, DEG-6 and DEG-7 were considered as true DEG, whereas DEG-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8 were considered as putative DEG. Results from blast-n and blast-x search suggested that DEG-1 is homologous to a gene for S-adenosylmethionine synthetase, DEG-2 is homologous to a chloroplast gene for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit, DEG-8 is homologous to oxysterol-binding protein with an 85.7% sequence similarity, DEG-5 is homologous to histone 2B protein with a 47.9% sequence similarity, DEG-6 is homologous to nicotineamine aminotransferase with a 33.1% sequence similarity, DEG-3 has 98.8% similarity with nucleotides sequence that has 33.1% similarity with oxygen evolving complex protein in photosystem II, DEG-7 is homologous to nucleotides sequence that may relate with putative serin/threonine protein kinase and putative transposable element, and DEG-4 has 98.8% similarity with nucleotides sequence for an unknown protein.

Smart agroforestry for sustaining soil fertility and community livelihood

Octavia Dona,Murniati,Suharti Sri,Hani Aditya,Mindawati Nina,Suratman,Swestiani Dila,Junaedi Ahmad,Undaharta Ni Kadek Erosi,Santosa Purwanto Budi,Wahyuningtyas Reni Setyo,Faubiany Varenna 한국산림과학회 2023 Forest Science And Technology Vol.19 No.4

Smart Agroforestry (SAF) is believed to be one of the alternative solutions in implementing sustainable forest management to achieve the community welfare. SAF provides agricultural and silvicultural knowledge and practices that aims not only for recovering the environmen- tal attributes but also for increasing farmers resilience. However, the benefits of agroforestry related to soil fertility in optimizing the land productivity and governing the community live- lihood are often overlooked and have not been well discussed. This review aims to describe how smart agroforestry practices in various regions in Indonesia and several other countries have significantly contributed to maintaining soil fertility and increasing crop production while assuring profitable benefits for the community. This review paper focuses on discus- sing the role of SAF in sustaining soil fertility and community livelihood in tropical and non- tropical regions. The review article was based on a synoptic review approach to SAF and Soil Fertility-related relevant publications and nationwide experiences. The review compiled and analyzed information from national and international research papers in various online scientific journals, conference proceedings and relevant books, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the topic being discussed. The study utilized a qualitative approach and drew upon primary and secondary sources based on a systematic review. Agroforestry has a significant role in recycling soil nutrients from the materials in the surrounding environment. SAF influences soil fertility physically, chemically and biologically. SAF practices in both wet and dry lands can contribute significantly to the community’s income. This review unveils the latent potential and the role of SAF in sustaining soil fertility that supports the community’s livelihood and can serve as impetus for future research.

Improvement of seedling quality of red jabon (Neolamarckia macrophylla (Roxb.) Bosser) through seed sowing techniques and seed invigoration

Naning Yuniarti,Yulianti,Dede J. Sudrajat,Nurhasybi,Muhammad Zanzibar,Dida Syamsuwida,Nina Mindawati,Ahmad Junaedi,Kurniawati Purwaka Putri,Evayusvita Rustam,Nurin Widyani,Yosephin Martha 한국산림과학회 2023 Forest Science And Technology Vol.19 No.3

Red jabon (Neolamarckia macrophylla) is one of potential tree species, but there are some problems in its cultivation. Intermediate seed character and very small seed sizes with little food reserves often cause the low germination, low growth of the seedlings, and the sowing of the seeds to be too dense, resulting in an abnormal number of seedlings. The purpose of the research was to improve the seed germination and seedling quality of red jabon by adjusting the sowing density and seed invigoration treatment using hormonal and bioprim- ing. Two experiments were conducted, that is, (1) identification of optimal seed density on the several combinations of sowing media (top soil, rice husk and compost) and (2) evalu- ation of the most suitable hormonal priming (GA3) and biopriming (liquid organic fertilizer, LOF) applications. The use of top soil media with a seed density of 0.5 g/400 cm2 can pro- duce the highest pure live seed (PLS), that is, 721.67 seedlings/0.5 g. The seed treated by hormonal and bio-priming significantly affected the seed germination and seedling growth. Soaking seed in GA3 100 ppm for 4 days produced the highest of the PLS (764 seedling- s/0.5 g), followed by soaking in LOF for 3 days and GA3 50 ppm for 4 days. The highest seed- ling height was generated from soaking the seeds using LOF for 3 days. The highest root collar diameter and biomass of red jabon seedlings were obtained from the treatment of seeds immersed in the GA3 50 ppm for 3 days. The best quality index value of red jabon seedlings was produced from the treatment of seeds immersed in the hormone GA3 50 ppm for 3 days. In general, a sowing density of 0.5 g/400 cm2 in top soil media and seed soaking treatment in GA3 50 ppm or LOF for 3 days can improve germination and growth of red jabon seedlings.