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Adrees, Mohmmed S. International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.11
In this paper, a contribution is presented covering the data set in improving and developing electronic services provided to citizens through e-government services based on business intelligence in government agencies in the Republic of Sudan. The Business Intelligence Concept Survey was conducted from the perceptions of information department employees in government agencies. The survey was conducted from April to June 2021 using questionnaires. The dataset contains responses about the factors that influence the use of business intelligence and the barriers and limitations to the use of business intelligence. A five-point Likert scale was used to analyze the quantitative data. The opportunities and challenges associated with it were also discussed and explored. As evidenced by the results, the information department employees agree that business intelligence improves the government decision-making process, which helps decision makers and decision-makers to find alternatives and opportunities that contribute to making more accurate and timely decisions. The results also indicate that creating the infrastructure for applying business intelligence in the e-government work model contributes to the successful implementation of business intelligence in Sudan.
Cadmium stress in rice: toxic effects, tolerance mechanisms, and management: a critical review
Rizwan, M.,Ali, S.,Adrees, M.,Rizvi, H.,Zia-ur-Rehman, M.,Hannan, F.,Qayyum, M. F.,Hafeez, F.,Ok, Y. S. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Environmental Science and Pollution Research Vol.23 No.18
<P>Cadmium (Cd) is one of the main pollutants in paddy fields, and its accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and subsequent transfer to food chain is a global environmental issue. This paper reviews the toxic effects, tolerance mechanisms, and management of Cd in a rice paddy. Cadmium toxicity decreases seed germination, growth, mineral nutrients, photosynthesis, and grain yield. It also causes oxidative stress and genotoxicity in rice. Plant response to Cd toxicity varies with cultivars, growth condition, and duration of Cd exposure. Under Cd stress, stimulation of antioxidant defense system, osmoregulation, ion homeostasis, and over production of signaling molecules are important tolerance mechanisms in rice. Several strategies have been proposed for the management of Cd-contaminated paddy soils. One such approach is the exogenous application of hormones, osmolytes, and signaling molecules. Moreover, Cd uptake and toxicity in rice can be decreased by proper application of essential nutrients such as nitrogen, zinc, iron, and selenium in Cd-contaminated soils. In addition, several inorganic (liming and silicon) and organic (compost and biochar) amendments have been applied in the soils to reduce Cd stress in rice. Selection of low Cd-accumulating rice cultivars, crop rotation, water management, and exogenous application of microbes could be a reasonable approach to alleviate Cd toxicity in rice. To draw a sound conclusion, long-term field trials are still required, including risks and benefit analysis for various management strategies.</P>
Rizwan, Muhammad,Ali, Shafaqat,Qayyum, Muhammad Farooq,Ok, Yong Sik,Adrees, Muhammad,Ibrahim, Muhammad,Zia-ur-Rehman, Muhammad,Farid, Mujahid,Abbas, Farhat Elsevier 2017 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.322 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The concentrations of engineered metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have increased in the environment due to increasing demand of NPs based products. This is causing a major concern for sustainable agriculture. This review presents the effects of NPs on agricultural crops at biochemical, physiological and molecular levels. Numerous studies showed that metal and metal oxide NPs affected the growth, yield and quality of important agricultural crops. The NPs altered mineral nutrition, photosynthesis and caused oxidative stress and induced genotoxicity in crops. The activities of antioxidant enzymes increased at low NPs toxicity while decreased at higher NPs toxicity in crops. Due to exposure of crop plants to NPs, the concentration of NPs increased in different plant parts including fruits and grains which could transfer to the food chain and pose a threat to human health. In conclusion, most of the NPs have both positive and negative effects on crops at physiological, morphological, biochemical and molecular levels. The effects of NPs on crop plants vary greatly with plant species, growth stages, growth conditions, method, dose, and duration of NPs exposure along with other factors. Further research orientation is also discussed in this review article.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used worldwide. </LI> <LI> NPs has both positive and negative effects of crop plants. </LI> <LI> NPs toxicity decreased growth, biomass and yield of food crops. </LI> <LI> This review discussed the NPs effects and toxicity mechanisms in food crops. </LI> </UL> </P>
Yoo, Seung-Schik,Park, Hae-Jeong,Soul, Janet S.,Mamata, Hatsuho,Park, HyunWook,Westin, Carl-Fredrik,Bassan, Haim,Du Plessis, Adre J.,Robertson Jr, Richard L.,Maier, Stephan E.,Ringer, Steven A.,Volpe, J.B. Lippincott 2005 Vol. No.
OBJECTIVE:: The goal of this study was to test the feasibility of visualizing a 3-dimensional structure of cerebral white matter fiber tracts in preterm infants, postconceptional age (PCA) 28 weeks to term, by using volumetric diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) data. MATERIALS AND METHOD:: We combined tractography algorithms and visualization methods, currently available for adult DTI data, to trace the pixelated principal direction of a diffusion tensor originating from regions-of-interest with high fractional anisotropy. Consequently, white matter fiber bundles from the genu and the splenium of corpus callosum, the corticospinal tracts, the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi, and optic radiations were visualized. RESULTS:: Our results suggest that major white matter tracts of preterm infant brains, with PCAs ranging from 28 weeks to term (40 weeks old), can be successfully visualized despite the small brain volume and low anisotropy. CONCLUSION:: The feasibility of fiber tractography in preterm neonates with DTI may add a new dimension in detection and characterization of white matter injuries of preterm infants.