Chemopreventive Potential of Annona Muricata L Leaves on Chemically-Induced Skin Papillomagenesis in Mice

Hamizah, Sulaiman,Roslida, A.H.,Fezah, O.,Tan, K.L.,Tor, Y.S.,Tan, C.I. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.6

Annona muricata L (Annonaceae), commonly known as soursop has a long, rich history in herbal medicine with a lengthy recorded indigenous use. It had also been found to be a promising new anti-tumor agent in numerous in vitro studies. The present investigation concerns chemopreventive effects in a two-stage model of skin papillomagenesis. Chemopreventive effects of an ethanolic extract of A. muricata leaves (AMLE) was evaluated in 6-7 week old ICR mice given a single topical application of 7,12-dimethylbenza(${\alpha}$)anthracene (DMBA 100ug/100ul acetone) and promotion by repeated application of croton oil (1% in acetone/twice a week) for 10 weeks. Morphological tumor incidence, burden and volume were measured, with histological evaluation of skin tissue. Topical application of AMLE at 30, 100 and 300mg/kg significantly reduced DMBA/croton oil induced mice skin papillomagenesis in (i) peri-initiation protocol (AMLE from 7 days prior to 7 days after DMBA), (ii) promotion protocol (AMLE 30 minutes after croton oil), or (iii) both peri-initiation and promotion protocol (AMLE 7 days prior to 7 day after DMBA and AMLE 30 minutes after croton oil throughout the experimental period), in a dose dependent manner (p<0.05) as compared to carcinogen-treated control. Furthermore, the average latent period was significantly increased in theAMLE-treated group. Interestingly, At 100 and 300 mg/kg, AMLE completely inhibited the tumor development in all stages. Histopathological study revealed that tumor growth from the AMLE-treated groups showed only slight hyperplasia and absence of keratin pearls and rete ridges. The results, thus suggest that the A.muricata leaves extract was able to suppress tumor initiation as well as tumor promotion even at lower dosage.

Expression and purification of biologically active human FGF2 containing the b'a' domains of human PDI in Escherichia coli.

Song, Jung-A,Koo, Bon-Kyung,Chong, Seon Ha,Kwak, Jihye,Ryu, Han-Bong,Nguyen, Minh Tan,Vu, Thu Trang Thi,Jeong, Boram,Kim, Seong Who,Choe, Han Humana Press 2013 Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol.170 No.1

<P>Among the members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family that affect the growth, differentiation, migration, and survival of many cell types, FGF2 is the most abundant in the central nervous system. Because of its wound healing effects, FGF2 has potential as a therapeutic agent. The protein is also added to the culture media to maintain stem cells. Expression and purification procedures for FGF2 that are highly efficient and low cost have been intensively investigated for the past two decades. Our current study focuses on the purification of FGF2 fused with b'a' domains of human protein disulfide isomerase to elevate overexpression, solubility, and stability with a simplified experimental procedure using only ion exchange chromatography, as well as on the confirmation of the biological activity of FGF2 on fibroblast Balb/c 3T3 cells and hippocampal neural cells.</P>

『解深密經』과 圓測의 疏釋

唐阿美 동국대학교 대학원 1998 大學院硏究論集-東國大學校 大學院 Vol.28 No.-

The protective effect of Myrtus communis L. against experimental kidney stone in rats

Halil Yılmaz,Nihat Ekinci,Ayşe Ömerli,Mehtap Nisari,Arzu Hanım Yay,Harun Ülger,Karatoprak Gökçe Şeker,Seher Yımaz,Şükrü Ateş,Mustafa aştan 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2023 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.23 No.1

The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of 70% methanolic extract of Myrtus communis L. leaves (300 mg/kg) against the kidney stone modeling created by (0.75%) ethylene glycole. Twenty-eight, 10 week’s Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into four groups (n = 7) as the control group, ethylene glycol (EG) group, M. communis (MC) group and protective (EG + MC) group. For 28 days, while 0.75% EG was given by adding it to drinking water to occur kidney stone model, MC was given by gavage to test the protective effect. 24 h’ urine samples were taken, and calcium, creatinine, uric acid, magnesium, citrate and oxalate were evaluated. On the 28th day, the rats were sacrificed, and their kidneys were removed. Kidney tissues were examined with hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and kidney stones formed with Pizzolato’s (PZ) staining technique were shown. M. communis extract brought abnormal urine parameter values closer to the control group. Additionally, it was concluded that the tissue degeneration and number of stones decreased in the protective group. M. communis extract has a protective effect against the kidney stone modeling which created by EG.

Hydraulic Force and Impeller Evaluation of a Centrifugal Heart Pump

Timms, D.L,Tan, A.C.C,Pearcy, M-J,Mcneil, K,Galbraith, A The Korean Society of Marine Engineering 2004 한국마린엔지니어링학회지 Vol.28 No.2

A rig was constructed to test the performance characteristics and compare the hydraulic forces exerted on a centrifugal type artificial heart impeller. A conventional shaft. seal and bearing system. while driven by a small electric motor. supported the impeller which was separated from the pump casing by a six degree of freedom force transducer (JR3 Ine). Radial (x. y) and axial (z) hydraulic forces were recorded and compared. At physiological operating conditions. the results indicate that the double entry/exit centrifugal pump encounters a smaller radial force and significantly reduced axial thrust. These experimental results are valuable in the design of a magnetic bearing system to suspend the impeller of a centrifugal artificial heart pump. This experimental technique may also be applied to evaluate the required capacity and predict the lifetime of contact bearings in marine pumps.

Topology of spin meron pairs in coupled Ni/Fe/Co/Cu(001) disks

Tan, A.,Li, J.,Scholl, A.,Arenholz, E.,Young, A. T.,Li, Q.,Hwang, C.,Qiu, Z. Q. American Physical Society 2016 Physical review. B Vol.94 No.1

<P>The meron is a special topological object that carries only one-half of the topological charge unit. In condensed matter physics, a spin meron corresponds to one-half of a spin skyrmion. As compared to the many fascinating topological properties of skyrmion materials, little is known of the properties of spin merons especially about their formation. It was confirmed only recently that hedgehog merons could exist in pairs with opposite helicities via a spin flux closure. However, it is unclear whether a single hedgehog meron could ever exist by pairing with another type of meron. Using element-resolved magnetic imaging measurements on epitaxial trilayer disks, we show that a spin meron with a full range of helicity, including the hedgehog meron, can be stabilized by pairing with another vortex meron with a fine tuning of the magnetic coupling between the two merons. Furthermore, the meron divergence is fully controlled by the polarity of the vortex meron, independent of the vortex helicity.</P>

Treatment of a Ruptured Vertebrobasilar Fusiform Aneurysm Using Pipeline Embolization Device

Lee A Tan,Roham Moftakhar,Demetrius K. Lopes 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2013 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.15 No.1

Treatment options of ruptured vertebrobasilar fusiform aneurysms (VFA) are limited and often carry significant mortality and morbidity. We report the use of Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) to successfully treat a patient with a ruptured vertebrobasilar fusiform aneurysm (VFA) who presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). A 73 year-old man with a history of cardiac stent placement seven days earlier presented with Hunt-Hess II SAH. He was taking aspirin and clopidogrel. Computed tomography angiogram revealed a large vertebrobasilar fusiform aneurysm. Microsurgical treatment options are technically challenging and carry high risk. He underwent endovascular treatment of the ruptured VFA using overlapping PEDs. Five PEDs were placed in a telescoping fashion to reconstruct the affected portions of the left vertebral and basilar arteries. An additional 2-mm blister aneurysm in the right vertebral artery was also discovered during the conventional cerebral angiography and was treated with one additional PED. The patient remained neurologically intact after the procedure. He was continued on aspirin and clopidogrel. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging at three months demonstrated patency of the stents without any evidence of ischemic change. Follow-up conventional cerebral angiogram at six months demonstrated thrombosis of the VFA and reconstruction of the vertebrobasilar system. The patient remained clinically well. An endovascular approach using PEDs can be a safe and effective treatment option for ruptured VFA in selected cases.

Mutations in SLC26A1 Cause Nephrolithiasis

Gee, H.Y.,Jun, I.,Braun, D.A.,Lawson, J.A.,Halbritter, J.,Shril, S.,Nelson, C.P.,Tan, W.,Stein, D.,Wassner, A.J.,Ferguson, M.A.,Gucev, Z.,Sayer, J.A.,Milosevic, D.,Baum, M.,Tasic, V.,Lee, M.G.,Hildebr University of Chicago Press [etc.] 2016 American journal of human genetics Vol.98 No.6

<P>Nephrolithiasis, a condition in which urinary supersaturation leads to stone formation in the urinary system, affects about 5%-10% of individuals worldwide at some point in their lifetime and results in significant medical costs and morbidity. To date, mutations in more than 30 genes have been described as being associated with nephrolithiasis, and these mutations explain about 15% of kidney stone cases, suggesting that additional nephrolithiasis-associated genes remain to be discovered. To identify additional genes whose mutations are linked to nephrolithiasis, we performed targeted next-generation sequencing of 18 hypothesized candidate genes in 348 unrelated individuals with kidney stones. We detected biallelic mutations in SLC26A1 (solute carrier family 26 member 1) in two unrelated individuals with calcium oxalate kidney stones. We show by immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, and glycosylation analysis that the variant protein mimicking p.Thr185Met has defects in protein folding or trafficking. In addition, by measuring anion exchange activity of SLC26A1, we demonstrate that all the identified mutations in SLC26A1 result in decreased transporter activity. Our data identify SLC26A1 mutations as causing a recessive Mendelian form of nephrolithiasis.</P>

Quorum quenching bacteria can be used to inhibit the biofouling of reverse osmosis membranes

Oh, Hyun-Suk,Tan, Chuan Hao,Low, Jiun Hui,Rzechowicz, Miles,Siddiqui, Muhammad Faisal,Winters, Harvey,Kjelleberg, Staffan,Fane, Anthony G.,Rice, Scott A. Pergamon Press 2017 Water research Vol.112 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Over the last few decades, significant efforts have concentrated on mitigating biofouling in reverse osmosis (RO) systems, with a focus on non-toxic and sustainable strategies. Here, we explored the potential of applying quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria to control biofouling in a laboratory-scale RO system. For these experiments, <I>Pantoea stewartii</I> was used as a model biofilm forming organism because it was previously shown to be a relevant wastewater isolate that also forms biofilms in a quorum sensing (QS) dependent fashion. A recombinant <I>Escherichia coli</I> strain, which can produce a QQ enzyme, was first tested in batch biofilm assays and significantly reduced biofilm formation by <I>P. stewartii</I>. Subsequently, RO membranes were fouled with <I>P. stewartii</I> and the QQ bacterium was introduced into the RO system using two different strategies, direct injection and immobilization within a cartridge microfilter. When the QQ bacterial cells were directly injected into the system, <I>N-</I>acylhomoserine lactone signals were degraded, resulting in the reduction of biofouling. Similarly, the QQ bacteria controlled biofouling when immobilized within a microfilter placed downstream of the RO module to remove QS signals circulating in the system. These results demonstrate the proof-of-principle that QQ can be applied to control biofouling of RO membranes and may be applicable for use in full-scale plants.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A recombinant Quorum Quenching (QQ) bacterium controlled biofilm formation. </LI> <LI> Direct injection of QQ bacteria in a lab-scale RO system mitigated biofouling. </LI> <LI> QQ bacteria controlled biofouling when immobilized within a microfilter cartridge. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Whole exome sequencing frequently detects a monogenic cause in early onset nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis

Daga, Ankana,Majmundar, Amar J.,Braun, Daniela A.,Gee, Heon Yung,Lawson, Jennifer A.,Shril, Shirlee,Jobst-Schwan, Tilman,Vivante, Asaf,Schapiro, David,Tan, Weizhen,Warejko, Jillian K.,Widmeier, Eugen Elsevier 2018 Kidney international Vol.93 No.1

<P>The incidence of nephrolithiasis continues to rise. Previously, we showed that a monogenic cause could be detected in 11.4% of individuals with adult-onset nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis and in 16.7-20.8% of individuals with onset before 18 years of age, using gene panel sequencing of 30 genes known to cause nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis. To overcome the limitations of panel sequencing, we utilized whole exome sequencing in 51 families, who presented before age 25 years with at least one renal stone or with a renal ultrasound finding of nephrocalcinosis to identify the underlying molecular genetic cause of disease. In 15 of 51 families, we detected a monogenic causative mutation by whole exome sequencing. A mutation in seven recessive genes (AGXT, ATP6V1B1, CLDN16, CLDN19, GRHPR, SLC3A1, SLC12A1), in one dominant gene (SLC9A3R1), and in one gene (SLC34A1) with both recessive and dominant inheritance was detected. Seven of the 19 different mutations were not previously described as disease-causing. In one family, a causative mutation in one of 117 genes that may represent phenocopies of nephrolithiasis-causing genes was detected. In nine of 15 families, the genetic diagnosis may have specific implications for stone management and prevention. Several factors that correlated with the higher detection rate in our cohort were younger age at onset of nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis, presence of multiple affected members in a family, and presence of consanguinity. Thus, we established whole exome sequencing as an efficient approach toward a molecular genetic diagnosis in individuals with nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis who manifest before age 25 years.</P>