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- 저자 : A. Papa (검색결과 2 건)
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Y. Y. Tay,A. Papa,L. S. Koneru,R. Moradi,H. M. Lankarani 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.3
The driver fatality ratio (DFR) proposed by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) demonstrates the relativefatality risks of occupants in various vehicle-to-vehicle (VtV) crashes. The readily available DFR is based on statistical crash data; hence,estimating the DFR of occupants for newer fleet of vehicles can be quite difficult. Three systematic methods such as the intrusion, decelerationand stiffness ratios of two colliding vehicles in side-impact accidents are proposed to estimate the DFR. A fleet of light trucks andvans (LTVs) striking a sedan car is reconstructed using the non-linear explicit code, LS-DYNA. The simulation results have shown thatthe intrusion and acceleration ratios-based approaches are in good agreement with the statistical DFR, whereas the DFR estimated usingthe stiffness-ratio based approach yielded poor agreement. The intrusion and acceleration ratios-based approaches are then utilized toformulate a combined DFR estimation model. In the second part of the study, the proposed methodology is carried further to estimate theDFR of occupants for a fleet of LTVs impacting a newer passenger car. The proposed methodology can be a viable tool for estimatingthe DFR for newer road vehicles and to improve its crash compatibility with collision partners.
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Prolonged Insulin Independence After Islet Allotransplants in Recipients with Type 1 Diabetes
Bellin, M. D.,Kandaswamy, R.,Parkey, J.,Zhang, H.-J.,Liu, B.,Ihm, S. H.,Ansite, J. D.,Witson, J.,Bansal-Pakala, P.,Balamurugan, A. N.,Papas, K.,Sutherland, D. E. R.,Moran, A.,Hering, B. J. Wiley (Blackwell Publishing) 2008 American journal of transplantation Vol.8 No.11
<P>We sought to determine the long-term outcomes in type 1 diabetic recipients of intraportal alloislet transplants on a modified immunosuppressive protocol. Six recipients with hypoglycemia unawareness received one to two islet infusions. Induction therapy was with antithymocyte globulin (ATG) plus etanercept for tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade. Recipients received cyclosporine and everolimus for maintenance immunosuppression for the first year posttransplant, with mycophenolic acid or mycophenolate mofetil subsequently substituted for everolimus. Recipients have been followed for 1173 +/- 270 days since their last infusion for islet graft function (insulin independence, hemoglobin A(1c) levels and C-peptide production) and for adverse events associated with the study protocol. Of the six recipients, five were insulin-independent at 1 year, and four continue to be insulin-independent at a mean of 3.4 +/- 0.4 years posttransplant. None of the six recipients experienced recurrence of severe hypoglycemia. Measured glomerular filtration rate decreased from 110.5 +/- 21.2 mL/min/1.73 m(2) pretransplant to 82.6 +/-19.1 mL/min/1.73 m(2) at 1 year posttransplant. In conclusion, islet transplants restored insulin independence for a mean of >3 years in four of six recipients treated with ATG and etanercept induction therapy and with cyclosporine and, initially, everolimus for maintenance. Our results suggest this immunosuppressive protocol may allow long-term graft survival.</P>
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