The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B): a potential therapeutic target for estrogen receptor negative breast cancers.

Biswas, D K,Dai, S C,Cruz, A,Weiser, B,Graner, E,Pardee, A B National Academy of Sciences 2001 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.98 No.18

<P>The effect of a kinase inhibitor Go6796 on growth of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated estrogen receptor negative (ER-) breast cancer cells in vivo and role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) on tumorogenesis have been investigated. This was studied in an animal model by implanting ER- mouse mammary epithelial tumor cells (CSMLO) in syngeneic A-J mice. (i) Local administration of Go6976 an inhibitor of protein kinases C alpha and beta inhibited growth of tumors and caused extensive necrotic degeneration and regression of the tumors without causing any microscopically detectable damage to the vital organs liver and lung. (ii) Stable expression of dominant-negative mutants of the beta subunit (dnIkkbeta) of the inhibitory kappa B (IkappaB) kinase (dnIkk) that selectively blocked activation of NF-kappaB caused loss of tumorigenic potential of CSMLO cells. Stable expression of dnIkkbeta also blocked phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced activation of NF-kappaB and overexpression of cyclin D1, concomitantly with the loss or reduced tumorigenic potential of these cells. Thus, results from in vivo and in vitro experiments strongly suggest the involvement of NF-kappaB in ER- mammary epithelial cell-mediated tumorigenesis. We propose that blocking NF-kappaB activation not only inhibits cell proliferation, but also antagonizes the antiapoptotic role of this transcription factor in ER- breast cancer cells. Thus, NF-kappaB is a potential target for therapy of EGFR family receptor-overexpressing ER- breast cancers.</P>

Solution processed bulk heterojunction solar cells based on A-D-A small molecules with a dihydroindoloindole (DINI) central donor and different acceptor end groups

Sim, J.,Lee, H.,Song, K.,Biswas, S.,Sharma, A.,Sharma, G.,Ko, J. Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.4 No.16

<P>Four acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) small molecules with dihydroindoloindole (DINI) as the central donor unit and different acceptor end groups such as dicyanovinylene (DCV), indenedione (IND), cyanoacrylate (CA) and rhodanine (Rho) linked through bithiophene as the p-linker, DINI-DCV, DINI-IND, DINI-CA and DINI-Rho, were designed and synthesized for the application as donor materials along with PC71BM as an acceptor for solution processed organic bulk heterojunction solar cells. The effect of acceptor end groups on the photovoltaic performance was investigated. The organic solar cells (OSCs) based on as cast DINI-IND showed the highest power conversion efficiency of 3.04%, as cast DINI-CA showed the lowest PCE of 1.63% and the other two exhibit a PCE in between them. These results showed that acceptor end groups affect the overall performance of the cells. The PCE of OSCs has been further improved up to 7.04% and 6.16% employing two-step annealing (TSA) treated DIN-IND: PC71BM (1 : 2) and DIN-CN : PC71BM (1 : 2), respectively. The enhancement in the PCE of OSCs with TSA treated active layers is attributed to the better nanophase morphology, the increase in the crystalline nature and light harvesting efficiency and more balanced charge transport and charge collection probability.</P>

A pentacyclic triterpenoid possessing analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities from the fruits of Dregea volubilis

Biswas, M.,Biswas, K.,Ghosh, A.K.,Haldar, P.K. Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2009 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.9 No.4

In present study evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the compound obtained from the petroleum ether (40 - 60$^{\circ}C$) extract of the fruits from Dregea volubilis in Swiss albino mice and in Wister albino rats respectively. Dried and crushed fruits of Dregea volubilis were extracted by petroleum ether (40 - 60$^{\circ}C$), the proper solvent system was developed by TLC and subjected to column chromatography for obtaining the pure compound/s. IR, MASS, NMR (PMR, C13 NMR and DEPT) spectroscopic analysis were done to elucidate the structure of the compound/s. The petroleum ether (40 - 60$^{\circ}C$) extract of the fruits of Dregea volubilis led to isolation of a pentacyclic triterpenoid designated as taraxerone and characterized as D- friedoolean- 14- en, 3 one. Taraxerone had been screened for analgesic activity in Swiss albino mice and anti-inflammatory activity in Wister albino rats at the dose of 5 mg/kg body weight orally and exhibit significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.

A class of mappings between $R_{z}$-Supercontinuous functions and $R_{\delta}$-Supercontinuous functions

A.R. Prasannan,Jeetendra Aggarwal,A.K. Das,Jayanta Biswas 호남수학회 2017 호남수학학술지 Vol.39 No.4

A new class of functions called $R_{\theta}$-supercontinuous functions is introduced. Their basic properties are studied and their place in the hierarchy of strong variants of continuity, which already exist in the literature, is elaborated. The class of $R_{\theta}$-supercontinuous functions properly contains the class of $R_{z}$-supercontinuous functions \cite{refjdb1} which in turn properly contains the class of $R_{\emph{cl}}$-supercontinuous functions \cite{reftks1} and so includes all \emph{cl}-supercontinuous (clopen continuous) functions (\cite{refds2}, \cite{refrv1}) and is properly contained in the class of $R_{\delta}$-supercontinuous functions \cite{refjdj3}.

A CLASS OF MAPPINGS BETWEEN R_z-SUPERCONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS AND R_δ-SUPERCONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS

Prasannan, A.R.,Aggarwal, Jeetendra,Das, A.K.,Biswas, Jayanta The Honam Mathematical Society 2017 호남수학학술지 Vol.39 No.4

A new class of functions called $R_{\theta}$-supercontinuous functions is introduced. Their basic properties are studied and their place in the hierarchy of strong variants of continuity, which already exist in the literature, is elaborated. The class of $R_{\theta}$-supercontinuous functions properly contains the class of $R_z$-supercontinuous functions [39] which in turn properly contains the class of $R_{cl}$-supercontinuous functions [43] and so includes all cl-supercontinuous (clopen continuous) functions ([38], [34]) and is properly contained in the class of $R_{\delta}$-supercontinuous functions [24].

Use of Lysozyme as a Feed Additive on In vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methane Emission

Biswas, Ashraf A.,Lee, Sung Sill,Mamuad, Lovelia L.,Kim, Seon-Ho,Choi, Yeon-Jae,Bae, Gui-Seck,Lee, Kichoon,Sung, Ha-Guyn,Lee, Sang-Suk Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.11

This study was conducted to determine the effect of lysozyme addition on in vitro rumen fermentation and to identify the lysozyme inclusion rate for abating methane ($CH_4$) production. An in vitro ruminal fermentation technique was done using a commercial concentrate to rice straw ratio of 8:2 as substrate. The following treatments were applied wherein lysozyme was added into 1 mg dry matter substrate at different levels of inclusion: Without lysozyme, 2,000, 4,000, and 8,000 U lysozyme. Results revealed that, lysozyme addition had a significant effect on pH after 24 h of incubation, with the highest pH (p<0.01) observed in 8,000 U lysozyme, followed by the 4,000 U, 2,000 U, and without lysozyme. The highest amounts of acetic acid, propionic acid (p<0.01) and total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) (p<0.05) were found in 8,000 U after 24 h of incubation. The $CH_4$ concentration was the lowest in the 8,000 U and the highest in the without lysozyme addition after 24 h of incubation. There was no significant differences in general bacteria, methanogen, or protozoan DNA copy number. So far, addition of lysozyme increased the acetate, propionate, TVFA, and decreased $CH_4$ concentration. These results suggest that lysozyme supplementation may improve in vitro rumen fermentation and reduce $CH_4$ emission.

Effect of Antioxidants on Physio-biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Broiler Chicken at High Altitude

Biswas, A.,Ahmed, M.,Bharti, V.K.,Singh, S.B. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.2

The present study was carried out on broilers to study the effect of oral administration of vitamin E and selenium (E-care Se) on growth performance, haematological and biochemical parameters for a period of 42 days (6 weeks). A total of 90 oneday-old broiler chicks were divided into three equal groups: $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$. Group T1 was maintained as control and was fed only with the basal diet throughout the experimental period. Two experimental diets, $T_2$ and $T_3$, were formulated to contain an additional 100 g (150 IU vitamin E/kg+0.5 mg Se/kg) and 200 g (300 IU vitamin E/kg+1.0 mg Se/kg) of E-care Se which was the source of vitamin E and selenium. Body weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher in antioxidant-treated groups compared to the control group. There were no significant differences in feed conversion ratio (FCR). Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein for haematological (TEC, Hb, PCV and ESR) and biochemical (GOT and GPT) study. Body weight was increased significantly in both treated groups compared with the control group and highest body weights were recorded in group $T_2$. TEC, PCV and Hb content increased significantly (p<0.01) in the treated groups as compared to the control group, but ESR, GOT and GPT values decreased significantly (p<0.01) in both treated groups as compared to the control group. The result reveals that use of antioxidants (vitamin E and selenium) is an effective way of getting the best result in terms of body weight gain and haemato-biochemical profiles in broiler birds at high altitude.

A multiobjective approach for optimal placement and sizing of distributed generators and capacitors in distribution network

Biswas, Partha P.,Mallipeddi, R.,Suganthan, P.N.,Amaratunga, Gehan A.J. Elsevier 2017 Applied soft computing Vol.60 No.-

<P>Both active and reactive power play important roles in power system transmission and distribution networks. While active power does the useful work, reactive power supports the voltage that necessitates control from system reliability aspect as deviation of voltage from nominal range may lead to inadvertent operation and premature failure of system components. Reactive power flow must also be controlled in the system to maximize the amount of real power that can be transferred across the power transmitting media. This paper proposes an approach to simultaneously minimize the real power loss and the net reactive power flow in the system when reinforced with distributed generators (DGs) and shunt capacitors (SCs). With the suggested method, the system performance, reliability and loading capacitycan be increased by reduction of losses. A multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D) is adopted to select optimal sizes and locations of DGs and SCs in large scale distribution networks with objectives being minimizing system real and reactive power losses. MOEA/D is the process of decomposition of a multiobjective optimization problem into a number of scalar optimization subproblems and optimizing those concurrently. Case studies with standard IEEE 33-bus, 69-bus, 119-bus distribution networks and a practical 83-bus distribution network are performed. Output results of MOEA/D method are compared with similar past studies and notable improvement is observed. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Sources of Carbonaceous Materials in the Airborne Particulate Matter of Dhaka

Bilkis A. Begum,Philip K. Hopke,Anwar Hossain,Golam Saroar,Swapan K. Biswas,Md. Nasiruddin,Nurun Nahar,Zohir Chowdury 한국대기환경학회 2011 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.5 No.4

To explore the sources of carbonaceous material in the airborne particulate matter (PM), comprehensive PM sampling was performed (3 to 14 January 2010)at a traffic hot spot site (HS), Farm Gate, Dhaka using several samplers: AirMetrics MiniVol (for PM_10and PM_2.5) and MOUDI (for size fractionated submicron PM). Long-term PM data (April 2000 to March 2006 and April 2000 to March 2010 in two size fractions (PM2.2 and PM_2.2-10) obtained from two air quality-monitoring stations, one at Farm Gate (HS) and another at a semi-residential (SR) area (Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka Campus, (AECD)), respectively were also analyzed. The long-term PM trend shows that fine particulate matter concentrations have decreased over time as a result of government policy interventions even with increasing vehicles on the road. The ratio of PM_2.5/PM_10 showed that the average PM_2.5 mass was about 78% of the PM10 mass. It was also found that about 63% of PM_2.5 mass is PM_1. The total contribution of BC to PM_2.5 is about 16%and showed a decreasing trend over the years. It was observed that PM_1 fractions contained the major amount of carbonaceous materials, which mainly originated from high temperature combustion process in the PM_2.5. From the IMPROVE TOR protocol carbon fraction analysis, it was observed that emissions from gasoline vehicles contributed to PM_1 given the high abundance of EC1 and OC2 and the contribution of diesel to PM_1 is minimal as indicated by the low abundance of OC1 and EC2. Source apportionment results also show that vehicular exhaust is the largest contributors to PM in Dhaka. There is also transported PM_2.2 from regional sources. With the increasing economic activities and recent GDP growth,the number of vehicles and brick kilns has significantly increased in and around Dhaka. Further action will be required to further reduce PM-related air pollution in Dhaka.

Sources of Carbonaceous Materials in the Airborne Particulate Matter of Dhaka

Begum, Bilkis A.,Hossain, Anwar,Saroar, Golam,Biswas, Swapan K.,Nasiruddin, Md.,Nahar, Nurun,Chowdury, Zohir,Hopke, Philip K. Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 2011 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.5 No.4

To explore the sources of carbonaceous material in the airborne particulate matter (PM), comprehensive PM sampling was performed (3 to 14 January 2010) at a traffic hot spot site (HS), Farm Gate, Dhaka using several samplers: AirMetrics MiniVol (for $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$) and MOUDI (for size fractionated submicron PM). Long-term PM data (April 2000 to March 2006 and April 2000 to March 2010 in two size fractions ($PM_{2.2}$ and $PM_{2.2-10}$) obtained from two air quality-monitoring stations, one at Farm Gate (HS) and another at a semi-residential (SR) area (Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka Campus, (AECD)), respectively were also analyzed. The long-term PM trend shows that fine particulate matter concentrations have decreased over time as a result of government policy interventions even with increasing vehicles on the road. The ratio of $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$ showed that the average $PM_{2.5}$ mass was about 78% of the $PM_{10}$ mass. It was also found that about 63% of $PM_{2.5}$ mass is $PM_1$. The total contribution of BC to $PM_{2.5}$ is about 16% and showed a decreasing trend over the years. It was observed that $PM_1$ fractions contained the major amount of carbonaceous materials, which mainly originated from high temperature combustion process in the $PM_{2.5}$. From the IMPROVE TOR protocol carbon fraction analysis, it was observed that emissions from gasoline vehicles contributed to $PM_1$ given the high abundance of EC1 and OC2 and the contribution of diesel to $PM_1$ is minimal as indicated by the low abundance of OC1 and EC2. Source apportionment results also show that vehicular exhaust is the largest contributors to PM in Dhaka. There is also transported $PM_{2.2}$from regional sources. With the increasing economic activities and recent GDP growth, the number of vehicles and brick kilns has significantly increased in and around Dhaka. Further action will be required to further reduce PM-related air pollution in Dhaka.