도금사업장의 작업환경의 유해인자 노출수준에 관한 연구

문덕환,도수영,이채관,황용식,선병관,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Objective : For the purpose of preparing the fundamental data and assessing the status of exposure level of chemical substances and physical agents. Methods and Material : Such as noise, two types of dust, four types of metals, seventeen types of organic solvents, and four types of other materials classified by specific chemical substances in 21 metal product plating factories classified by 28 processes. The author determined exposure level on those hazardous materials from Jan. to Dec. 2001. Results : The results were as follows: 1. The exposure level for noise was exceeded to Threshold Limit Value(TLV) in the process of 6 cases of Machining, 5 and 4 cases of pre and post-buffing, and 6 cases of waterdrop-removing, the mean noise level of all of processes was not exceeded to compliance level. 2. The exposure level for dust was not exceeded to TLV at all. 3. The exposure level for Chromium(Cr) was exceeded to TLV in Chromium plating process, metal exposure level including Zinc(Zn), Manganese(Mn), and Lead(Pb) was not exceeded to TLV. 4. The exposure level of toluene in case of organic solvents was exceeded to TLV in 1 case of finishing/cleaning, coating/developing process, respectively. 5. The exposure level of four types of other materials classified by specific chemical substances were not exceeded to TLV. 6. The exposure level for dust and metal including Zn, Mn, and Pb was decreased in comparison with two results of air monitoring performed. There was no difference of the exposure level for Cr, noise, and four types of other materials classified by specific chemical substances, and the exposure level for organic solvents was slightly increased. 7. The exposure level for noise in factories employing more than 21 workers was higher than that for noise in foadtories employing less than 20 workers. The more workers, the lower exposure level in metal including Zn, Mn. The exposure level for Cr was increasing in factories employing more than 51 workers, and the more workers the lower exposure level in organic solvents. Conclusion : According to above results, this study suggests positive work environment managements in processes exceeding exposure limit value as well as continuously consecutive work environment management in processes not exceeding exposure limit value and revealing no chronological difference of exposure level should be needed.

TiN 박막 형성에 미치는 ion beam 조사 효과

안병건,추관식,문두수,안정식,김영대,김형자,이규용 釜慶大學校 2002 釜慶大學校 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

Low energy high current N_2 ion beam was used to modify the morphology and chemical composition of cemented carbide WC-Co(Co:10 wt%, TiC + TaC:15 wt%, WC:bal) hard material surface for the fabrication of the TiN thin film by sol-gel method. The effects of ion beam treatment on preparation of the TiN thin film by sol-gel mothod were investigated by XPS, SEM, AFM and GXRD. According to the N_2 ion beam bombardment, the surface roughness was increased and TiC binders in WC were dissolved. The dissolved Ti was recombind with nitrogen ion to form the TiN nucleuses which were acted as seeds for the forming of the TiN thin film on the cemented WC-Co surface. Besides, the sputter deposited Ti interlayer prevented the diffusion of TiO_2 sol into the porous WC-Co during the formation of TiN thin film.

밤가공공장의 밤껍질에서 밤분말의 생산에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : 밤껍질에서 분리한 전분의 이화학적 특성연구 Study on Physicochemical Properties of Starch Separated from Chestunt Inner Shell

전병관,문정식 동신대학교 환경연구소 1998 환경연구 Vol.3 No.1

밤 가공공장에서 밤을 가공하는 공정에서 다량의 밤껍질이 폐기되고 있으며 이껍질속에는 밤살이 포함되어 있다. 이렇게 폐기되는 밤살을 회수하여 식품원으로 활용한다면 재원의 재활용차원에서 뿐만 아니라 가공공장의 수익에도 많은 보탬이 될 것으로 생각되어 밤껍질의 활용에 대한 기초적인 연구로서 밤분말을 제조한 후 만든 밤전분의 이화학적 특성을 규명하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 무기성분 함량은 밤껍질에서 분리한 전분이 순수한 밤에서 분리한 전분보다 평균 4.5배정도 많았다. 2. 껍질에서 분리한 전분의 탄닌함량은 순수한 밤에서 분리한 전분의 탄닌에 비하여 12배정도 많았다. 3. 물결합능력은 껍질에서 분리한 전분이 순수한 밤에서 분리한 전분보다 40%정도 높았다. 5. 순수한 밤에서 분리한 전분과 껍질에서 분리한 전분의 요오드반응결과 625nm에서의 흡광도는 유사하였다. 6. amylose 분해한도는 밤껍질에서 분리한 전분이 순수한 밤에서 분리한 전분보다 8.0%정도 높았다. Chestnut processing plants have produced large amount of chestnut inner skin waste, which contains chestnut flesh that can be recovered to be used as food ingredient. To obtain basic information needed for commercial application, comparative chemical analysis of starches extracted from both inner skin waste and chestnut core was performed. The results were as fellows: 1. Starch from the inner skin waste contains 4.5 times more inorganic compounds than the core starch. 2. Starch from the inner skin waste contains 12 times more tannin (or tannic acids) than the core starch. 3. Starch from the inner skin waste absorbs 40% more water than the core starch. 4. Both types of starches recorded comparable absorbencies at 625nm from Iodine Reaction. 5. Starch from the inner skin waste shows 8% higher amylase degradation than the core starch.

유기물의 고온호기성 분해에 미치는 미생물제재의 효과

전병관,지준명,문병선 동신대학교 환경연구소 1999 환경연구 Vol.4 No.1

본 연구에서는 기존의 그리고 자체 개발한 미생물제재의 식종이 음식물찌꺼기의 고온호기성 생분해에 미치는 효과와 음식물찌꺼기의 고온호기성 분해산물이 토양의 pH에 미치는 영향에 대해 분석하였다. 고온호기성 미생물제재를 식종한 경우에, 반응개시 후 12시간동안 시료의 PH는 미생물을 식종하지 않은 경우보다 상대적으로 급속히 하락하였다. 시료의 C/N비는 반응개시 후 48시간동안 식종 및 미식종의 경우에 모두 큰 변화가 없었고, 분해산물중 미생물의 수는 24시간까지 급격히 감소하였으나 이 후로 증가하여 48시간 후에 비슷한 수준에 도달했다. 결과적으로, 음식물찌꺼기의 고온호기성 생분해과정에 미치는 미생물제재의 식종 효과는 미미했다. 위의 고온호기성 분해산물은 별도의 부숙과정을 거치지 않더라도 토양을 산성화시키지 않고 오히려 적절한 온도와 습도하에서 산성토양을 중화시켰다. The effect of addition of thermophilic oxic microorganisms(TOM) during thermophilic aerobic biodegradation(TAB) of food waste at 60°C was analyzed in terms of pH profile, C/N ratio, and microorganism count of food waste TAB products during the digestion. For the first 12 hours, pH of the products containing TOM decreased slightly faster than that of the products without TOM. Both pH profiles converged on around pH 4.3 after 12~24 hours and gradually climed up to pH 4.5~4.8 after 48 hours. C/N ratios of both TOM-treated and TOM-untreated food waste fluctuated minutely in between 15 and 17. The number of thermophilic aerobic microorganisms in the TAB products from the TOM-treated and TOM-untreated similarly increased 5~10 folds after 48 hours, which converts to merely 3~4 cell divisions during the 48 hour long process. Above results indicated only slight advantage of TOM treatment on TAB of food waste. However, due to rather costly process of TOM stock maintenance and mass culture, the need for the TOM treatment is not conclusive. Existing microorganisms within food waste from households and restaurants may be more than enough for the biodegradation process. Besides, the TAB product, whose pH is 4.39, neutralized the pH of garden soil from pH 5.42 to pH 7.0 or above after 14 days during summer months when both were mixed in equal parts.

도장작업시 유해인자들의 노출수준과 작업환경관리실태

이세기,문덕환,이채관,황용식,선병관,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Objectives: For the purpose of preparing the fundamental data and assessing the status of exposure level of chemical substances in painting process. Methods and Materials: The author determined the concentration of organic solvents, lead(Pb), Chromium(Cr), and Toluene-2, 4-diisocyanate(TDI) in air of painting process to 90 industries classified by 15 types of manufacturing industry during a period from Jan. 1st 2001 to Dec. 31st 2001. Results: The results were as follows: 1. The geometric mean level of each chemical substance was 0.1706 ppm for exposure index in organic solvents, 0.0019㎎/㎥ for Pb, 0.0024 ㎎/㎥ for Cr, and 0.0004ppm for TDI, respectively. 2. The exposure level of each chemical substances by type of painting was the highest in dipping and brush painting for organic solvent, in spray-painting for TDI, and in spray gun-painting for Pb and Cr, respectively. 3. The exposure level of each chemical substances by type of local ventilation equipment was higher in enclosed and booth type for organic solvents. Cr, and TDI, and in exterior type for Pb, respectively than those of other types. 4. The exposure level of each chemical substances by type of hazardous material arresting media was higher in using water for organic substances, in using bag filter for Pb, TDI, respectively than those of other types. Conclusion: According to above results, this study suggests that the exposure level by type of industry exceeded the exposure level in wooden furniture and metal furniture manufacturing industry for organic solvents and Pb, respectively.

Characteristics of crystalline structure and thermal oxidation depending on the composition of Ti-xNb, Ti-xMo, and Ti-xZr (x = 5, 10, 15) alloys

Byung-Han Choi,Gwan-Min Park,Woon-Young Lee,Won-Jin Moon,Yeong-Joon Park,Ho-Jun Song 대한치과재료학회 2019 대한치과기재학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.11

Brain Injuries during Intraoperative Ventriculostomy in the Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients

Moon, Hyung-Ho,Kim, Jae-Hoon,Kang, Hee-In,Moon, Byung-Gwan,Lee, Seung-Jin,Kim, Joo-Seung The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2009 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.46 No.3

Objective : Intraoperative ventriculostomy is widely adopted to make the slack brain. However, there are few reports about hemorrhagic or parenchymal injuries after ventriculostomy. We tried to analyze and investigate the incidence of these complications in a consecutive series of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods : From September 2006 to June 2007, 43 patients underwent surgical clipping for aneurysmal SAH at our hospital. Among 43 patients, we investigated hemorrhagic or parenchymal injuries after intraoperative ventriculostomy using postoperative computed tomographic scan in 26 patients. After standard pterional craniotomy, ventriculostomy catheter was inserted perpendicular to the cortical surface along the bisectional imaginary line from Paine's point. Results : Hemorrhagic injuries were detected in 12 of 26 patients (46.2%). Mean systolic blood pressure during anesthesia was with in statistically significant parameter related to hemorrhage (p=0.006). On the other hand, parenchymal injuries were detected in 11 of 26 patients (42.3%). Female and the amount of infused mannitol during anesthesia showed statistically significant parameters related to parenchymal injury (p=0.005, 0.04, respectively). However, there were no ventriculostomy-related severe complications. Conclusion : In our series, hemorrhagic or parenchymal injuries after intraoperative ventriculostomy occurred more commonly than previously reported series in aneurysmal SAH patients. Although the clinical outcomes of complications are generally favorable, neurosurgeon must keep in mind the frequent occurrence of brain injury after intraoperative ventriculostomy in the acute stage of aneurysmal SAH.

반대측 경구상추경접근법에 의한 전방경유 경추 신경공 감압술 및 유합 : 전보적 미세수술기법 An advancing microsurgical technique

문병관,김주승 凡石學術奬學財團 1999 凡石學術論文集 Vol.3 No.-

신경낭미충증의 치료후 예후를 결정하기 위한 ELISA의 역활

문병관,김남규,김영수,고용,오성훈,오석전,김광명 대한신경외과학회 1994 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.23 No.2

The diagnosis of neurocysticercosis is relatively easy with brain computed tomography(CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and ELISA test of serum and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF). The clinical manifestation of the disease are varied and correlated with the infection sites. The use of praziquantel and/or surgical excision are effective in treatment of the disease. The effect of treatment has been evaluated with imaging studies and changes of clinical manifestation. The authors reviewed 97 neurocysticercosis patients to evaluate the prognostic predictability of serum and CSF ELISA titers after treatment. We classified the patients into two groups. Rebound group was patients which showed higher ELISA titers after treatment were lower than those of pretreatment. The responses to treatment were evaluated with the changes on brain CT or MRI. The initial ELISA titer were lower in rebound group than those of nonrebound group, but three months after treatment, rebound group showed higher titers. The changes of ELISA titers in rebound group were greater in CSF than those in serum. The reduction of cyst on brain CT or MRI was more remarkable in rebound group than in nonrebound group and the prognosis of rebound group was better. Changes of ELISA titer was valuable in predicting the effect of treatment and prognosis.

재발된 요추 추간판 탈출증에 대한 임상적 분석

문병관,오성훈,김영수,고용,오석전,김남규,김광명 대한신경외과학회 1994 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.23 No.1

Recurrent lumbar disc herniation after standard lumbar discectomy was the most common complication among the failed back surgery syndrome. Clinical manifestations and radiologic findings were analyzed in 56 patients who were proved to have recurrent lumbar disc herniation. Comparative analysis with Lumbar Disc Surgery Predictive Score(LDSPS) between 160 patients of failed backsurgery syndrome and 56 patients of recurrent disc herniation was performed. LDSPS of the recurrent disc herniation was 81.3. The interval of the reoperation after onset of symptom was considered to be one of the major factors in the prognosis of the recurrent disc herniation. The patient must be educated how to prevent recurrent lumbar disc herniation. When recurrency was suspected one must diagnose precisely with the help of MRI and reoperate as soon as possible.