B형 간염 바이러스 X 항원을 면역한 A2K^b Transgenic Mice에서 CD8+ T Cell의 활성화에 의한 X 항원 표현 재조합 Vaccinia Virus에 대한 방어 효과; in vitro 배양을 통한 XEP-3 특이적인 CTL의 반응

황유경,김형일,김남경,박정민,정홍석,Hwang, Yu Kyeong,Kim, Hyung-Il,Kim, Nam Kyung,Park, Jung Min,Cheong, Hong Seok 대한면역학회 2002 Immune Network Vol.2 No.1

Background: Viral antigens presented on the cell surface in association with MHC class I molecules are recognized by CD8+ T cells. MHC restricted peptides are important in eliciting cellular immune responses. As peptide antigens have a weak immunigenicity, pH-sensitive liposomes were used for peptide delivery to induce effective cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. In the previous study, as the HBx peptides could induce specific CTLs in vitro, we tested whether the HLA-A2/$K^b$ transgenic mice that were immunized by HBx-derived peptides could be protected from a viral challenge. Methods: HBx-peptides encapsulated by pH-sensitive liposomes were prepared. $A2K^b$ transgenic mice were immunized i.m. on days one and seven with the indicated concentrations of liposome-encapsulated peptides. Three weeks later, mice were infected with $1{\times}10^7pfu$/head of recombinant vaccinia virus (rVV)-HBx via i.p. administration. The ovaries were extracted from the mice, and the presence of rVV-HBx in the ovaries was analyzed using human TK-143B cells. IFN-${\gamma}$ secretion by these cells was directly assessed using a peptide-pulsed target cell stimulation assay with either peptide-pulsed antigen presenting cells (APCs), concanavalin A ($2{\mu}g/ml$), or a vehicle. To generate peptide-specific CTLs, splenocytes obtained from the immunized mice were stimulated with $20{\mu}g/ml$ of each peptide and restimulated with peptide-pulsed APC four times. The cytotoxic activity of the CTLs was assessed by standard $^{51}Cr$-release assay and intracellular IFN-${\gamma}$ assay. Results: Immunization of these peptides as a mixture in pH-sensitive liposomes to transgenic mice induced a good protective effect from a viral challenge by inducing the peptide-specific CD8+ T cells. Mice immunized with $50{\mu}g/head$ were much better protected against viral challenge compared to those immunized with $5{\mu}g$/head, whereas the mice immunized with empty liposomes were not protected at all. After in vitro CTL culture by peptide stimulation, however, specific cytotoxicity was much higher in the CTLs from mice immunized with $5{\mu}g/head$ than $50{\mu}g/head$ group. Increase of the number of cells that intracellular IFN-${\gamma}$ secreting cell among CD8+ T cells showed similar result. Conclusion: Mice immunized with XEPs within pH-sensitive liposome were protected against viral challenge. The protective effect depended on the amount of antigen used during immunization. XEP-3-specific CTLs could be induced by peptide stimulation in vitro from splenocytes obtained from immunized mice. The cytotoxic effect of CTLs was measured by $^{51}Cr$-release assay and the percentage of accumulated intracellular IFN-${\gamma}$ secreting cells after in vitro restimulation was measured by flow cytometric analysis. The result of $^{51}Cr$-release cytotoxicity test was well correlated with that of the flow cytometric analysis. Viral protection was effective in immunized group of $50{\mu}g/head$, while in the in vitro restimulation, it showed more spectific response in $5{\mu}g$/head group.

비평적 평가의 근거

황유경(Hwang, Yu-Kyung) 민족미학회 2013 민족미학 Vol.12 No.2

필자는 예술작품 평가에서 순수하게 미적인 근거나 이유만을 용인하는 초기 분석미학의 지배적인 추세에 반대하고자 한다. 예술과 인지의 관계에 대한 미적 반인지주의를 비판하고 인지주의를 옹호하며 인지적 근거도 수용하며, 예술과 도덕성 문제에 대한 이른바 자율주의와 비도덕주의를 비판하고 도덕주의를 옹호하며 도덕적 근거도 수용한다. 미적인 속성, 즉 통일성이나 우아함 같은 작품의 형식적 속성이나 표현적 속성을 비롯하여 작품의 인지적 내용과 도덕적 내용, 즉 세계와 인간에 대한 앎과 도덕적 통찰이 모두 작품평가의 객관적 근거로서 인정되는 것이다. 이때 인지적인 것이나 도덕적인 것은 미적인 관련을 맺을 때 비로소 미적 장점으로서 예술의 가치에 기여하게 된다. In this paper, I focus on the work of art itself as the basis for critical evaluation. I consider aesthetic, cognitive, and moral qualities of a work of art as relevant to the evaluative judgment on it as a work of art. Monroe Beardsley, who accepts only aesthetic reasons in evaluation, proposes that unity, complexity, and intensity are general criteria applicable to all the arts. Disagreeing on Beardsley"s view, I accept cognitive and moral reasons as well. I approve cognitive reasons by supporting aesthetic cognitivism which holds that art can give us knowledge, and that art"s capacity to give us knowledge is related to the value of it as art. I criticize aesthetic anti-cognitivism that denies one or both of these two ssues. Next, I approve moral reasons by supporting the so called moralism concerning the debate about art and morality. Here I reject autonomism and immoralism. Especially, I disagree with the claim that works of art can be aesthetically good because of their moral flaws, and hold that they are aesthetically bad because of these flaws. It is also worked out that when cognitive or moral content is conveyed with aesthetic features in a work of art, this is an aesthetic merit in it. Thus cognitive or moral values of art accomplish aesthetic relevance. Now we praise a work of art on the ground that it is unified, or may contain an important view of life or the world, or may present moral insights.

기획심포지엄 메타비평, 그 현대적 과제와 실천 : 분석미학의 주류와 전망

황유경 ( Yu Kyung Hwang ) 한국미학예술학회 2010 美學·藝術學硏究 Vol.32 No.-

필자는 슈스터만이 밝힌 분석미학의 가장 전형적인 특징과 테마를 바탕으로 분석미학의 주류를 분석한다. 그 특징이란 분석철학의 여러 목표와 방법과의 관련, 크로체 류의 관념론 미학 비판, 예술에 관한 반본질주의와 명료함의 추구, 이차 교과인 메타크리티시즘 즉 비평철학으로서의 미학의 구상, 자연미의 경시, 예술평가 쟁점을 피하려는 경향, 예술의 사회적 역사적 맥락에 대한 강조의 결핍이다. 덧붙여 필자는 의미, 지칭, 허구, 정의, 개념, 재현, 존재론 같은 분석미학 특유의 논제들 논의의 일반적인 성격을 고려한다. 그리고 분석미학의 보다 최근의 작업의 주목할 만한 한 양상이 문학, 회화, 사진, 음악, 회화 등 개별 예술에 주목 하는 경향임을 진단한다. 이로써 미학은 비평적 실천에 다가간다. 여러 이론가들이 분석미학의 한계를 인식하며 예술의 사회적, 문화적, 실천적, 윤리적 차원의 보다 깊이 있는 논의를 필요로 하였다. 필자는 이것이 예술의 본질에 관한 그 낡은 패러다임을 개정하는 분석미학의 바람직한 향방이라고 생각 한다. 우선 보다 최근에 분석미학이 듀이의 프래그머티즘 사고를 새롭게 조명하는 것이 주목할 만하며 바람직하다. 프래그머티즘 미학과 분석 미학이 전적으로 양립 불가능하지 않다는 슈스터만의 논변을 고려하며 필자는 앞으로 분석미학이 예술의 사회적, 실천적 차원에 대한 듀이의 통찰을 보다 적극적으로 포섭하게 되기를 예상한다. 다음으로 20세기 중엽 이후 예술계의 매우 급진적인 변화를 분석하는 영미 이론가들은 분석미학보다는 대륙 전통에서 안내를 구하고자 했다. 대륙적 사고가 예술을 사회변화의 한결 더 넓은 문화적 맥락 견지에서 논의해오며 그들이 필요로 하는 이론을 제공했기 때문이다. 그러나 필자는 분석미학과 특히 포스트모더니즘 양 전통이 사실상 동떨어져 있지 않은 면면을 고려한다. 여기서도 필자는 앞으로 분석미학은 예술을 그 보다 넓은 사회문화적 맥락에서 더욱 직접적으로, 적극적으로 보아야 함을 예상한다. Shusterman`s identification of the features and themes as most typical in analytic aesthetics. They are as follows: connection with the various aims and methods of analytic philosophy; critique of Crocean idealist aesthetics; anti-essentialism about art and the quest for clarity; the conception of aesthetics as a second-order discipline of metacriticism, i.e., philosophy of criticism; the neglect of natural beauty; a tendency to avoid the issue of evaluating art; lack of emphasis on art`s social and historical context. In addition, I observe a general nature of discussions about analytic aesthetics`characteristic topics. Here such kinds of questions in aesthetics as meaning, reference, fictionality, definition, concept, representation, and ontology are briefly dealt with. Another observation is made of a notable aspect of more recent work in analytic aesthetics. It has been a tendency to attend to the individual arts: literature, painting, photography, music and film. By attending to particular arts aesthetics becomes closer to actual critical practise. Learning the limits of analytic aesthetics, not a few theorists have been in need of deeper discussions of art`s social, cultural, practical, and ethical dimensions. I suggest this is a desirable way for analytic aesthetics to revise its old paradigmatic questions concerning the nature of art. In the first place, it is remarkable that, more recently, analytic aesthetics has shed new light on John Dewey`s pragmatist thinking. Considering Shusterman`s argument that pragmatist and analytic aesthetics are not entirely incompatible, I expect that future analytic aesthetics will more actively embrace Dewey`s crucial insights concerning art`s social and practical dimensions. Next, having observed the very radical changes in the artworld after a mid-20th century, Anglo-American theorists engaged in the analysis of them looked not to analytic aesthetics but to Continental tradition for guidance. For Continental thinking, discussing art in terms of a much broader cultural context of social change, offered them the kind of theory they were looking for. However, I show that some main issues, especially of postmodern thinking are, in fact, not alien to analytic aestheticians. Here again, I prospect that future analytic aesthetics should look at art more directively and actively in its broader sociocultural context.

지식으로부터 이해로의 이행: 정서,예시,허구,은유의 인지적 기능 (2)

황유경 ( Yu Kyung Hwang ) 한국미학회 2006 美學 Vol.45 No.-

지식으로부터 이해로의 이행 -정서,예시,허구,은유의 인지적 기능 (1)

황유경 ( Yu Kyung Hwang ) 한국미학회 2005 美學 Vol.42 No.-

자연어 프롬프트 기반 데이터셋 생성 및 시각화 시스템

황유경(Yu-Gyeong Hwang),신진영(Jin-Young Shin),유석종(Seok-Jong Yu) 한국정보기술학회 2024 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.22 No.4

굿맨의 외연주의 의미론

황유경 ( Yu Kyung Hwang ) 韓國美學會 2009 美學 Vol.57 No.-

정서반응과 이해

황유경 ( Yu Kyung Hwang ) 한국미학회 2015 美學 Vol.81 No.3

엘긴의 인식론에서 정서는 인지적 기능을 수행하며 사고체계의 유지가능성에 영향을 미친다. 정서는 지각처럼 정서를 촉발하는 대상에 대한 반응으로서 그 대상에 대한 정보를 제공한다. 또한 정서는 믿음처럼 달리 간과되는 어떤 특징을 현저하게 만들어놓으며 어느 영역에 대해 인식적 접근을 제공한다. 로빈슨은 정서에 대한 자신의 비인지적인 ‘정감적 평가’ 이론을 기반으로 19세기 사실주의 소설에서 특히 그 등장인물에 대한 정서반응 없이 작품의 중요한 국면을 제대로 이해할 수 없다고 주장한다. 엘긴과 로빈슨은 실생활과 예술에서 정서반응이 대상의 이해에 기여하는 바를 중시하는 점에서 일치한다. 우리 삶에서 예술이 정서를 세련하는 소중한 방편이라고 보는 점에서도 양인은 일치한다. 세련된 정서는 곧 인간이나 세계에 대한 보다 나은 이해를 가져온다. For Elgin, cognition does not consist solely of beliefs. I note that emotions are also cognitive. Elgin emphasizes emotion’s cognitive functions. Following her, I identify some ways emotions function cognitively to advance understanding, which is broader in scope than knowledge. I also consider how emotions parallel to perceptions and beliefs in serving epistemic ends. In discussing emotions, Elgin stresses that emotions afford epistemic access to things we might otherwise overlook. Robinson considers the role of emotions in understanding literature, especially the great realistic novels of the nineteenth century. After sketching her non-cognitive ‘affective appraisal’ theory of emotions in general, I examine her contention that we cannot properly understand the important aspects of novels without responding emotionally to them. Elgin and Robinson agree that emotional responses play an important role in understanding the objects in real life and art. They also agree that art is a valuable means to refine emotion. And the refined emotion may deepen our understanding of the world.

고등학교 환경 수업의 환경 프로젝트 학습을 통한 창의성 변화

황유경(YuKyeng Hwang),최돈형(Don-Hyung Choi),김찬국(Chankook Kim) 한국환경교육학회 2014 環境 敎育 Vol.27 No.4

This study has started based on assumptions that the creativity is one of core competencies relevant for a sustainable future and that environmental project-based learning activities can provide high school students opportunities to improve their creativity. The purpose of this study is to examine the changes in highschool students’ creativity through environmental project-based learning activities experienced as part of the high school environmental curriculum. Environmental project-based learning activities were conducted for 5 months in one class of 35 high school students. A mixed-methods research was used to evaluate changes in creativity. For quantitative analysis, the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT) was administered four times. For qualitative analysis, interviews with the students were conducted. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, the examination of changes in creativity of the students showed that components of creativity have significantly increased during their learning processes. It showed statistically significant differences in creative thinking components such as fluency, elaboration, imagination, sensitivity and creative tendency components such as inquisitiveness, aggressiveness, and curiosity. Thus it can be concluded that environmental project-based learning activities have potentials for improving students’ creativity when they explore real-world environmental issues and participate in practical environmental activities as part of their classroom environmental projects. It also supports the idea that the high school ‘Environment’ curriculum is educationally meaningful since it plays an important role in education for creativity.

연구논문 : 럭셔리 브랜드 마케팅 활동이 고객기반 브랜드 자산 형성에 미치는 영향

황유경 ( Yoo Kyung Hwang ) 한국의류학회 2013 한국의류학회지 Vol.37 No.7

The recent entry and heated competition of numerous fashion brands in the luxury fashion market have all compelled luxury businesses to change. The issue of brand equity has emerged as one of the most critical areas for luxury marketing management. Despite strong interest in the subject, there is little evidence of how brand equity is created by marketing activities and what their effects are. This study identifies the effects of luxury marketing activities on the brand equity of luxury items, utilizing Keller`s (2001) ‘CBBE (Customer Based Brand Equity) Model’ as a theoretical framework. Based on literature review, a conceptual model for brand signature, heritage, premium price, controlled distribution, and promotion on customers`view on brand equity was tested. To test the hypothesized building paths of luxury brand equity, statistical analysis were performed with an AMOS 7.0 program using a confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model. The results were: First, luxury brand equity was defined in terms of four components (brand awareness/association, customer judgment, customer feeling, and customer-brand resonance). Second, the proposed conceptual framework of this study was partially significant. We can provide an effectiveness of Keller`s CBBE model to conceptualize the building process of luxury brand equity; subsequently, marketers should develop core elements to position a brand strategy to create a competitive advantage.