한자어와 순수한국어에서의 [n] 삽입현상의 최적이론 분석

홍순현 새한영어영문학회 2003 새한영어영문학 Vol.45 No.2

한자어와 순수한국어에서의 [n] 삽입현상의 최적이론 분석홍순현한국어에서 [n] 삽입현상은 순수한국어와 한자어에서 복합어의 단어와 단어 경계에서 [n]이 삽입이 되는 현상이다. 본 논문에서는 순수한국어와 한자어에서의 [n] 삽입현상이 서로 다른 단어의 형태구조에도 불구하고 같은 현상으로 취급될 수 있으며 또한 최적이론의 틀 속에서 규칙기반의 분석보다 더 쉽게 분석될 수 있다고 주장한다. 특히 한자어에서의 [n] 삽입현상이 Hong 2002에서 분석된 순수한국어 [n] 삽입현상과 동일하게 분석할 수 있다는 것을 보여준다.

Pattern recognition modeling of American English vowel identification by four different identification-proficiency levels of Korean listeners

홍순현 한국음운론학회 2016 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.22 No.1

It has been recently reported through pattern recognition or synthesized vowel perception studies that American English listeners categorize vowels using dynamic spectral properties and duration rather than static spectral properties only (Hillenbrand et al. 1995, Hillenbrand 2013). However, Hong (2015) showed through pattern recognition modeling that Korean listeners used static spectral properties and duration when identifying English vowels. The present study extended Hong (2015) and built a logistic regression classification model to investigate which acoustic cues (static or dynamic spectral features, duration or F0) four different identification-proficiency levels of 133 Korean listeners may use to identify American English monophthongs in /hVd/ syllables. It turned out that the two upper-level groups of Korean listeners used dynamic spectral properties and duration just like American English listeners, whereas the other two lower-level groups used static spectral properties and duration.

Roles of dynamic properties of F2 and vowel identity in predicting preceding consonant place in CVX in Korean spontaneous speech

홍순현 한국음운론학회 2022 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.28 No.1

A neural network model was trained and tested on various spectral frequencies sampled at 10% intervals from vowel onset to target to predict the preceding consonant place (bilabial, alveolar, palatal, or velar) in CVX signals in forty-hour-long spontaneous speech in Korean Seoul Corpus. It was found that models trained on F2 samples taken at more than two sections between onset and target across vowel duration predicted place more robustly than those trained on F2 samples taken singly at onset or doubly at onset and target which locus equations are based on. It was also found that vowel identity as an additional predictor enhanced model prediction performance substantially better than static or dynamic F1, F3, F0, or gender. These results show that fine-grained temporal resolution of F2 and vowel identity may constitute major cues for preceding place in CV coarticulation. It is suggested that F2 transitions of a phonemic vowel category preceded by consonant place are allophonically realized as a function of the preceding place.

Predicting pre- and post-vocalic stop consonant place from the vowel in a Korean spontaneous speech corpus

홍순현 한국음운론학회 2023 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.29 No.3

A neural network model was trained on temporal F2 frequencies sampled singly or doubly along the first half of vowel articulation in CVX tokens and the second half in XVC in a Korean spontaneous speech corpus to predict pre- and post-vocalic stop place, respectively. Model performance on temporal F2 frequencies sampled doubly at vowel onset/offset and target constituted the best cues for pre- and post-vocalic stop place, though prevocalic place was predicted slightly better than postvocalic place. Then, secondary cues were added to the dynamic F2 predictors for further training. The individual contributions of speaking rate, F0, gender, vowel duration, and static F1 and F3 frequencies sampled singly at vowel onset/offset were not as big as the temporal F1 and F3 frequencies sampled at vowel onset/offset and target, the latter of which enhanced model prediction substantially. The dynamic F1 and F3 predictors facilitated postvocalic place prediction more than prevocalic place prediction. Vowel identity enhanced prevocalic place prediction substantially but did not enhance postvocalic place prediction as much. This was due to the observation that F1/F2 transitions of all vowel categories were substantially more centralized in the F1/F2 vowel space at vowel offset than at onset or target. Vowel quality became less distinctive at vowel offset. Nevertheless, temporal formant samples plus vowel identity constituted the best cues for stop place.

Vowel inherent spectral properties characterized in Korean and American English talkers’ English vowel signals: A production-based pattern recognition modeling study

홍순현 한국음운론학회 2016 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.22 No.3

Hillenbrand et al. (1995) showed in a pattern recognition modeling study of American English listeners’ vowel perception that American English vowel signals are characterized by dynamic spectral properties, and that American English listeners’ vowel perception can be modeled best with American English vowel inherent dynamic spectral properties. The present study, on the other hand, investigated the production side of the vowel inherent spectral properties of American English talkers’ and Korean talkers’ English vowel signals, by fitting four different production-based pattern recognition classification models (K-Nearest Neighbors, Random Forests, Support Vector Machine and Logistic Regression) directly to American English and Korean talkers’ English vowel signals. The results showed that American English talkers’ vowel signals were best characterized by dynamic spectral properties but Korean talkers’ English vowel signals by static spectral properties.

Training and evaluating Korean learners’ perception of the English word-initial l/r contrast: an SDT-based evaluation model

홍순현 한국음운론학회 2010 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.16 No.2

Korean learners of English have difficulty in the non-native contrast of l/r phones despite a relatively long period of English study. This is because the Korean sound system does not have the l/r contrast. Even university-level Korean students with more than 10 years of English learning still suffer almost the same or similar level of difficulty. This paper tries to demonstrate that a short period of laboratory training can help university-level Korean learners of English improve the perception on l and r phones. Learners were forced to finish a session of training which consists of two blocks of l/r minimal pair identification training with feedback. This less-than-20-minutes-long session was repeated for five consecutive days. After pointing out a measurement problem occurring with the use of mean accuracy rates for the evaluation of learners’ perception in the literature, it is proposed that the sensitivity index in the Signal Detection Theory be used as a more precise measure of a learner’s identification performance on the novel l/r contrast. The sensitivity measures show that the training group demonstrated a significant perception improvement compared to the control group.

Training Effects after Training Korean Listeners for the Contrast of English /ɑ, ɔ, ʌ/

홍순현 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2014 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.65

This study investigated whether vowel identification-with-feedback training with naturally produced /hVd/ signals of multiple talkers’ can effectively facilitate Korean listeners to perceive the contrast of English /ɑ, ɔ, ʌ/, and whether the post-training improvement may persist three months after training. Listeners were assessed before, after and three months after training with the same identification test composed of a group of natural signals produced by novel talkers and another group of natural signals partially selected from the trained signals. The performance for novel voices was comparable to memory-based performance for trained voices after training, and the level of the former persisted as robustly as that of the latter in three months.

한국장로교 교단 분열의 계보

홍순현 대한기독교서회 2015 基督敎 思想 Vol.676 No.-

Cyclic Voltammetry를 이용한 CuInSe₂ 박막의 전기화학적 전착 연구

홍순현,이현주,김양도,Hong, Soonhyun,Lee, Hyunju,Kim, Yangdo 한국재료학회 2013 한국재료학회지 Vol.23 No.11

Chalcopyrite $CuInSe_2$(CIS) is considered to be an effective light-absorbing material for thin film photovoltaic solar cells. CIS thin films have been electrodeposited onto Mo coated and ITO glass substrates in potentiostatic mode at room temperature. The deposition mechanism of CIS thin films has been studied using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. A cyclic voltammetric study was performed in unitary Cu, In, and Se systems, binary Cu-Se and In-Se systems, and a ternary Cu-In-Se system. The reduction peaks of the ITO substrate were examined in separate $Cu^{2+}$, $In^{3+}$, and $Se^{4+}$ solutions. Electrodeposition experiments were conducted with varying deposition potentials and electrolyte bath conditions. The morphological and compositional properties of the CIS thin films were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The surface morphology of as-deposited CIS films exhibits spherical and large-sized clusters. The deposition potential has a significant effect on the film morphology and/or grain size, such that the structure tended to grow according to the increase of the deposition potential. A CIS layer deposited at -0.6 V nearly approached the stoichiometric ratio of $CuIn_{0.8}Se_{1.8}$. The growth potential plays an important role in controlling the stoichiometry of CIS films.

Roles of dynamic lower formant patterns of vowel transitions and vowel identity in predicting the prevocalic consonant manner in Korean spontaneous speech

홍순현 한국음운론학회 2022 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.28 No.3

The present study investigates the role of F1-F3 patterns of temporal vowel transitions and vowel identity in predicting the preceding consonant’s manner of articulation in forty hours of spontaneous Korean speech in Seoul Corpus. A neural network model was trained and tested on selections of raw F1-F3 frequencies sampled at 10% intervals from the onset to the target of the vowel, optionally with(out) vowel identity. It was found that manner could be manifested robustly by spectral patterns of dynamic vowel transitions characterized by F1-F3 measurements sampled at multiple points of the vowel duration in time. However, the full dynamic F1-F3 transition patterns sampled at all 10% intervals from the vowel onset to the target were not necessary. Rather, the dynamic F1-F3 transition patterns from the vowel onset to about 20% of the vowel duration robustly provided enough information to identify the preceding manner. The dynamic spectral pattern model performed robustly better with an additional predictor, vowel identity, but not with F0 or gender.