김승옥 〈무진기행〉의 크로노토프 연구

홍순애 ( Sun Ae Hong ) 한민족문화학회 2003 한민족문화연구 Vol.12 No.-

한국근대소설의 ‘길’ 모티프와 크로노토프(chronotope)

홍순애(Hong, SunAe) 동덕여자대학교 인문과학연구소 2017 人文科學硏究 Vol.24 No.-

본 논문에서는 ‘길’의 모티프와 크로노토프chronotope를 중심으로 김승옥의 ｢서울 1964년 겨울｣과 황석영의 ｢삼포가는 길｣을 분석하였다. 문학적인 모티프들이 인간 존재의 기본적 삶의 유형을 증명하고 있다는 점에서 소설에서 ‘길’의 모티프 는 인간과 공간을 결합시키는 관계인 동시에 장소적 표상체계로 기능한다. 또한 문학 속에 예술적으로 표현된 시간과 공간의 본질적 연관성이라 정의되는 크로노토프는 텍스트간의 장르적 변별점을 제시한다는 점에서 중요하다. 김승옥의 ｢서 울 1964년 겨울｣은 유랑하는 소시민의 장소 상실과 광장공포증agoraphobia으로 재현된다. 장소 없음에 대한 강박은 소설의 서두에서부터 자본의 역학, 즉 ‘돈’에의해 연결될 수밖에 없는 필연성으로 제시된다. 이에 인물들 간의 관계는 ‘돈’을 소비는 동시에 ‘시간’을 소비하는 소모적 관계로만 머물게 된다. 소설은 길의 모티프와 크로노토프를 통해 소통이 전제되어 있지 않은 비인간적 도시를 은유하는 동시에, 죽음이 방치 될 수밖에 없는 비정한 현실을 보여주는 하나의 알레고리를 형성한다. 황석영의 ｢삼포가는 길｣은 귀향, 고향의 유토피아적 공간 지향과 장소애topophilia를 재현한다. 이 소설에서 귀향의 여정은 ‘길’을 통해 제시되고, 고향은 소설에서 인물들이 궁극적으로 도달하고자하는 장소로 설정된다. 또한 소설에 서 인물들은 동일한 경험과 감정의 전이로 인한 동화의 관계를 형성한다. 인간의 이미지는 본질적으로 항상 크로노토프와 관계하며, 문학 속에 재현된 크로노토프는 이 두 소설에서 ‘길’의 모티프를 통해 도시와 농촌, 인관관계의 이질성과 동질 성을 확인하는 과정을 보여주고 있다고 하겠다. This study analyzes the novel Seoul 1964 winter by Kim Seungok and The Road to Sampo by Hwang Sok yong, focusing on the ‘Road’ motif and Chronotope. The motif of ‘Road’ in novels functions both as a system of relationship that combines humans and space and a system of spatial representation, in that literary motifs prove the basic types of life of human existence. Chronotope, which is defined as an essential relation of time and space expressed in literature with an artistic manner, is important in that it presents the differences of the world view of texts and distinctive points of genres. Kim Seungok s Seoul 1964 winter is reproduced with agoraphobia of wandering petit bourgeois. The obsession with placelessness is presented from the beginning of the novel as the inevitability that must be connected by the dynamics of capital, money. Thus, the relationship between the characters remains only as a consuming relationship that consumes ‘money’ and consumes ‘time’. The novel is interpreted as an allegory that depicts the unreasonable reality in which death is neglected, at the same time as there is a metaphor of dehumanization that is not presumed to be communicated which is shown through the motif of the road and the Chronotope. Hwang Sok yong s The Road to Sampo reproduces the utopian spatial orientation and topophilia of homecoming and hometown. In this novel, the journey of homecoming is presented through the ‘Road’ and the hometown is set as the place where the characters ultimately want to reach. The characters form a relationship of assimilation resulting from the transfer of the same experiences and emotions. The human image is essentially always related to and the Chronotope reproduced in literature shows the human life based on the homogeneity principle of heterogeneity of city and rural community, and interpersonal relations, through the motif of ‘road’ in the case of these two novels.

국민문학에 나타난 파시즘 양상 연구 - 최정희의 〈야국초(野菊抄)〉를 대상으로 -

홍순애 ( Sun Ae Hong ) 한민족문화학회 2004 한민족문화연구 Vol.15 No.-

개화기 우언서사 연구 : 신채호의 역사전기 소설을 중심으로 Sin Chae-ho Historical Biographic Novels

홍순애 ( Sun Ae Hong ) 시학과 언어학회 2005 시학과 언어학 Vol.10 No.-

근대계몽기 외국인 여행서사의 표상체계와 문화상대주의 -러시아 가린- 미하일롭스키의 『한국, 만주, 랴오둥반도 기행』을 중심으로-

홍순애 ( Sun Ae Hong ) 한민족문화학회 2010 한민족문화연구 Vol.34 No.-

본고는 근대계몽기 러시아 문호 가린-미하일롭스키의 조선여행기에 내재된 제국주의 관점의 분열양상과 문화상대주의적 담론을 살펴보았다. 1880~1900년대에 쓰여진 러시아인의 조선 여행기들은 『한국지』에 수록되어 러시아 한국학의 기초적인 자료가 되었다. 그 중 가린의 여행기는 탐사를 목적으로 하는 정치적 성격의 보고서와는 별도로 기획되어 서술되었으며, 이 과정에서 고백의 일기체 구성은 하나의 사건과 공간을 중심으로 하는 1인칭의 소설형식으로 문학텍스트를 형성하고 있다. 여행기에 서술되고 있는 `호머의 시대`, `아이`, `돈키호테`의 표상은 단순하게 제국주의적인 시선의 노출이라기보다는 역사와 문화적 상황을 감안한 결과로써 제국주의적 시선의 다양한 층위와 분열의 양상을 드러내고 있다. 또한 가린은 주민과의 관계형성과 제도의 관심, 전설과 민담의 채록을 통해 조선인의 가치관·세계관을 이해하고, 타자의 언어를 사용함으로써 문화상대주의적 시각에 의해 여행기를 서술하고 있다. 이러한 담론의 특징으로 인해 가린의 여행기는 제국주의 세력 확장을 위한 보고서가 아닌 문학적 텍스트로 차별화 된다. 따라서 근대계몽기 여행서사는 사실과 환상, 제국주의와 문화상대주의의 관점 사이에서 진동하고 유동하며 재생산되었다고 할 수 있다. In this paper, the genealogy and the descriptive characteristics of Koreanology in Russia expressed in the Joseon travelogue written by Garin―Mihajlovsky`s, a Russian author of the modern period of enlightenment were examined, and the aspects of split imperialistic viewpoints and those of the discourse of cultural relativity inherent in the travelogue were investigated into. Numerous exploration and travel notes became the basic data for the Koreanology in Russia in 1880s and 1890s, and formed the genealogy by publishing 『Records on Korea』. In Garin`s travelogue, the travel notes on experiences of the culture of Joseon were planned and written separately from the report for the purpose of exploration, and in this process, the structure of the confessional journal writing style forms a literature text in the style of a novel in the first person, centered on one happening and one space. The symbols in `The Age of Homer`, `A Child`, and `Don Quixote` are the results of giving consideration to the historical and cultural situation, rather than the simple exposure of an imperialistic viewpoint, and display different levels and aspects of division in the imperialistic viewpoints. In addition, Garin`s travelogue is different from others in that it tried to describe from the angle of cultural relativity by analyzing the value system and the levels of cognizance of Joseon through the relationship with authorities, conversation with residents, and recording legends and folk tales.

법률이야기(legal story)의 정치성과 가족주의 이데올로기 -최찬식 신소설을 중심으로-

홍순애 ( Sun Ae Hong ) 시학과 언어학회 2014 시학과 언어학 Vol.28 No.-

Focusing on the narrative structure of Choi Chansik``s Shinsosul (a new-style novel) which represents the perception of law from courtroom stories of the time, this paper argues that a ``judicial improvement‘ under the politics of the Japanese Government General had an intention to implant imperial law and order, and nurture national grounding in Korea. In shinsosul, law often punishes antagonists who try to threaten the foundation of family, while leading to family members`` reunion in the process of trials against them. The law described in Choi Chansik``s shinsosul also empowers a modern family to pursue stability and solidarity among the members, and strengthens a family system. Based on this orientation, Choi Chansik``s shinsosul shows that the value of family could be recovered under the politics of Government General with colonial law and order. In addition, Korean people could join the empire as imperial people also within the judicial protection. While Choi Chansik``s shinsosul celebrates the birth of a new family in a nation-state, the resettled family and revisited familism under the colonial law and order reveals how his fantasy was created by blind loyalty for imperial law, and how he was captivated by the Government General``s political plan based on a judicial improvement.

근대계몽기 지리적 상상력과 서사적 재현

홍순애(Sun Ae Hong) 한국현대소설학회 2009 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.40

This thesis discusses the aspects and meanings of the imagination of geography and maps in the modern period of enlightenment, represented in historical fictional biographies and new-style novels. Maps, as the process to extend political colonial government of a modern nation with the copied picture of territory as its first step, and to express it on a picture, plainly show the cracking spot of Korean Empire during the modern period of enlightenment. In the historical fictional biographies, the imagination on maps was represented politically, claiming to stand for the territorial frontier spirit in a national scale, by Chae-ho Shin, Ji-yeon Jang and Eun-sik Park. The interest and geographical knowledge on territory in the modern period of enlightenment were related to national power and combined with the intention to interpret it in the situation where the nation was at the crisis of loss, and where the national system was being threatened, and became a substitute reflecting the reality of Korean Empire. In the new-style novels, the imagination of maps became descriptive in terms of culture, accepted as a part of extension of space and the experiences of the others, experiences in an alien land, overseas sightseeing, and study abroad. The future was predicted from a positive viewpoint because students studying abroad were encouraged to transmit the new knowledge and the civilization there. In other words, in the new-style fictions, the world was viewed globally, not locally, through the imagination of maps. Therefore, the world expressed on maps is not the world itself, but the world as a meaning, the world seen, read, and interpreted by humans, and can be said to be a collective symbol displaying how a society recognizes the world. In the novels of the modern period of enlightenment, geographical ideas became meaningful as a local space of territory, and as an international space of the western world and foreign countries, by originating from the spatial dynamics of maps, which made it possible to think the world and `myself` as objects.

근대소설의 형성과 연설의 미디어적 연계성 연구

홍순애(Sun Ae Hong) 한국현대소설학회 2009 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.42

This paper examines the process in which speeches as a media was used as a political propaganda by the colonial power under colonialism in the 1910s since the Japanese annexation of Korea, and then linked to the cultural movement by colonized intellectuals for the reformation of civilization and the cultivation of ability. Also, the process of the change in the speeches from a verbal text focusing on the present condition to a literature genre through the correspondence in the style of speaking. In the 1910s, oratorical meetings were led by the colonial power and used for the system of assimilation and mobilization for the purpose of colonization, centered on 『Maeilsinbo』 and 『Gyeonghakwon』. On the other hand, the preparatory discourse for the enlightenment of the people and the cultivation of competence was diversified to lectures and oratorical contests, centered on 『ChungChun』 and 『Hakjigwang』, and became spread among the masses and students studying abroad. And in relation to the formation of modern novels, speeches became connected to the early epistolary narration and formed the genre of the speech-letters. The letters in the speaking style were written when the characteristics of speeches in the way to call the audience in speeches, of telling in a colloquial style, and to focus on pathos were combined with the properties of letters of confession whose receivers were assumed fictionally and in which human heart were delivered through a sensitive language. It stands in the compromising point between the enlightenment by the intellectuals` viewpoints on education emphasizing the cultivation of ability under colonization and the aesthetics of literature focusing on affection. It`s also a style explaining the 1910s as the early form of modern novel, and the ground for the discussion on the relation between media and literature.

한국 근대 여행담론의 형성과 '수양론'의 실천적 논리

홍순애(Sun Ae Hong) 한국현대소설학회 2011 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.48

The discourse on discipline, heavily discussed in 『Cheongchoon (a literaty magazine)』, is in line with the legacy of 『Cheongryeon Haguhoe (A group for self-disciplining of young people)』, which emphasized learning and action. As the country was colonized and no political action was allowed, intellectuals of the time suggested self-discipline to young people, and the principle in turn encouraged them to learn and act on what they learned. The self-discipline principle that reiterated internal growth by knowledge and physical growth by exercise proposed travel as a tool for the young people to experience and grow themselves. The needs for travelling across the country came from the needs for more experiences against the back drop of the ever-expanding imperialism. A journey across the colony is a journey to see the country firsthand, and an effort to establish a new symbol of the colonized country, Joseon. Travel made it possible for young people to recognize the territory through geographic imagination and presented the situation of the country upfront. This also implies politics of space, showing how the spacial acculturation took place between the invading and the invaded. Therefore, the travel records published in 『Cheongchoon』 were alternatives to shed light on the world from the colonized country, and efforts to appropriate the land of Joseon by dividing it into pieces.

근대소설에 나타난 타자성 경험의 이중적 양상

홍순애(Hong Sun-ae) 한국학중앙연구원 2007 한국학 Vol.30 No.1