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許漫 부산대학교 사회과학대학 1985 社會科學論叢 Vol.4 No.2
Three and a half decades having elapsed in the history of the division of the Korean Peninsual, Koreans have merely enjoyed "the negative peace" supported by a balance of terror. The Korean Peninsual has constantly experienced a great change in international power structure based on Cold War from a tight bipolar international system and a loose bipolar international system into a multipolarized international structure symbolized by detente. Such a huge change in international power structure has brought a new era which emphasizes the principle of negotiation, compromise and cooperation in international relations. The spirit of these three factors also led to a transformation in regional international politics and, in particular, a tremendous shift in security environment in Northeast Asia. As a result, the diplomatic normalization of the U.S. with the P.R.C. and Japan with the P.R.C. in the 1970s was realized. The Korean government has taken the initiative, grasping the opportunity of detente, of launching a series of peace diplomatic moves aiming at firstly maintaining the "current negative peace" and, secondly, reaching "a balanced peace" on the peninsula. However, it was very difficult for the Korean government to keep even "the negative peace", and, furthermore, it was beyond the Korean capacity to arrive at "a balanced peace", in this area of the world. It was evidently due to the existence of the North Triangular Cooperation System whose primary concern is to support the security interests of the USSR, the P.R.C. and North Korea against those of the South Triangular Cooperation System of Korea, the U.S. and Japan and, on the other hand, the U.S., Japan and the P.R.C. Under these international circumstances, the Nord-Diplomacy can be conceived as a diversified and flexible diplomacy rather than a south-oriented diplomacy or unilateral one which has been pursuited for the last 40 or more years. The mission of the Nord-Diplomacy aims to, above all, maintain "the current negative peace" and next, to try to establish "a balanced peace", coping with conflicting ideologies, divergent interests and different-minded aspects of cooperation between the north and south triangular regional cooperations. This means that the Big Four Powers have different strategies toward the buildup of peace, but one common goal in keeping it in this part of the world. In this configuration of power, interests, security, and peace, the Nord-Diplomacy should conceive four phases of strategic measures-a conclusion of the Non-Aggression Pact of South and North Korea, a substitution of the current Truce Pact with a peace pact, Cross-Recognition of both Koreas, and an international guaranteeing measure of the D.M.Z. Thus the Nord-Diplomacy is characterized by a progressive, functional diplomatic skill capable of minimizing the differences in ideas, system, and ideologies and, on the contrary, maximizing a spirit of negotiation, compromise and cooperation. In this viewpoint, the Nord-Diplomacy should regard the four phases of strategic measures as an ideal in the process of its pursuit, to a considerable extent independently of the concept of international camps or blocs, the formation of alliances, and unilateral alignment with a power.