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- 저자 : 최형보 ( Hyoung Bo Choe ) (검색결과 1 건)
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최형보 ( Hyoung Bo Choe ) 서울대학교 국사학과 2014 韓國史論 Vol.60 No.-
Proxy administration by a prince regent was continually attempted in the late Choson dynasty from the 18th century, which was a remarkable political phenomenon. The one in King Sukjong`s reign was the first proxy administration enforced in the late Choson dynasty, and is examined in this article to understand the political culture of the time. This study introduces the arguments surrounding the enforcement of the proxy administration, and discusses the organization of Chongjongjolmok(聽政節目) -the detailed regulations of enforcement of the proxy administration-and its effect on the future political system. i tried to move beyond the existing theories, since most of them are biased towards a struggle among political parties over the gain and loss of power or address conspiracy or confrontation between the two powers- the sovereign and its courtiers-, or only focus on the perspective of education, contending that the proxy administration was conducted for the political and practical education of the crown prince. The proxy administration enforced by the prince regent (who was crowned King Gyungjon) for 3 years (1717~1720) was a significant political issue in that is was an extension of a terrific and bloody struggle for power among the political parties in the 17th century and was colosely linked with Shinyimoksa (辛壬獄事) in King Gyungjong`s reign and Mushinran (戊申亂) in King Youngjo`s reign. It was also meaningful as a classic example of the later proxy administrations, which were continually conducted in the late Choson Dynasyt from the 18th century. The study showed that the main issue was not whether or not the proxy administration should be enforced, but whether the crown prince should be replaced. That was the main argument surrounding the proxy administration by the prince regent, since the crown prince in office had fatal defects as a political leader due to mental health problems, sexual function disorders, and a lack of the capabilities required to serve as king. In the midst of the controversy, it was Sukjong who insisted that the prince should be replaced, and it was the ruling power, Noron(老論), which persuaded Sukjong to order the prince in office to rule the Choson Dynasty as regent, helping his father, Sukjong. In the political culture of the Choson Dynasty, the controversy relating to the substitution of the crown prince transcended matters of parties` interests of political maneuvering. In fact, it was an established occurrence that a reign, once losing Confucian legitimacy and justice, did not last long. The character of the Choson Dynasty, which was based on the teachings of Confucianism and supported by the ruling power base of Choson Dynasty, which was based on the teachings of Confucianism and supported by the ruling power base of scholar bureaucrats (士大夫層), would be the critical factor in the political history of the Choson Dynasty. Once a proxy administration was determined to be enforced, Sukjong and bureaucrats administered Chongjongjolmok, which closely followed the precedent in King Sejong`s reign. It reflected the nature of the Choson Dynasty that the deeds of preceding kings were the most important grounds on which the policies by the following kings were administered, as is evidenced by the fact that the following proxy administrations were modeled on and enforced based on the one in King Sukjong`s reign. Chongjongjolmok distinguished the standing between the current king and the prince regent, while it treated the prince regent with respect as head of a minor royal court (小朝) with concrete, detailed regulations of enforcement. And it is evidenced by the fact that important tasks would be reported to Sukjon even though some of his duties were transferred to the prince regent to lighten the burden of the king who was gravely ill at that time. It seemed that Sukjong valued the authority over personnel affairs above all, which was the core basis of royal authority. The royal prince`s illness prevented the proxy administration in King Sukjong`s reign from successfully achieving its goals; however, we found that the proxy administration at the time was still meaningful in that it influenced the later systems and supported the following kings to share some duties with the prince regent and not be overburdened with duties.
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