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      • KCI등재

        조사에 관한 담화기능적 분석

        최현욱,정연창 釜山大學校 師範大學 1996 교사교육연구 Vol.33 No.-

        There have been numerous studies and discussions about the Korean particles num and ka. However, there have been no papers dealing with the difference in use between the four different ko-conjoined sentences whose subejcts are marked with nun and ka. This paper attempts to explain from a discourse-functional perspective the difference between the four ko-expressions and some related linguistic phenomena.

      • KCI등재

        國民學校 英語敎育實施에 關한 硏究

        崔鉉郁 釜山大學校 師範大學 1978 교사교육연구 Vol.5 No.1

        The purpose of this to examine (1) the pros and cons of early start in foreign language learning,(2) the in-service senior teachers' opinions of EFLES,(3) the recent developments and trends of FLES, and (4) the problems connected with EFLES introduction in Korea, and then to offer its results as basic materials for introducing the teaching of English in elementary schools in Korea. The result of category (1) above indicated that the linguistic and cultural advantages of early foreign language instruction were greater. The most convincing explanation for this phenomenon is that, in the process of neurophysioiogical maturation, the flexibility of brain and vocal organs necessary for mastery of a foreign langage is lost. Moreover, social and psychological maturation is as important as neurophysiological maturation in accounting for the fact that children before puberty learn foreign languages more easily and more proficiently than do adults. It should not be overlooked that the adult's more advanced cognitive maturity would allow him to deal with the abstract nature of language much better than children. That, however, will not sway the arguments for FLES. The result of category (2) above indicated that the overwhelming majority (36:69.2%) of the 52 subjects supported the concept that early start in English learning as a foreign language was educationally, linguistically, and culturally valid, while the others (16:30. 8%) did not. It should be noticed that almost all the subjects (42:80.8%) thought that the addition of English instruction to the elmentary curriculum in Korea would not have a bad influence upon the acquisition of the essential elements of our own culture. The result of category (3) above indicated that FLES in the modern sense developed during the 1950's. and that its program was firmly established as a normal educational feature of most school systems in the advanced countries in the 1960's. At the present time, it is gaining in strength all over the world. More recently, the Ministry of Edu-cation in this country has planned to reverse the past trend of the start in English learning at the beginning of the secondary stage of schooling, and announced a project to investigate the possibilities and values of teaching English as a foreign language in the elementary schools. The result of category (4) above suggested that EFLES in Korea would create diffi-culties and problems, and that presumably the most critical problems would remain the matters of finding an adequate number of professionally qualified staffs and solving the overcrowded classrooms. Fortunately, however, the Ministry of Education has decided to start experiments for the teaching of English in elementary schools. The above-mentioned budgetary and staffing problems will be solved with continous efforts of edu-cational authorities and leaders in the English teaching proffessions. The future of EFLES in korea, therefore, will be in large measure dependent upon whether it can solve its major problems and overcome difficulties.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        중증의 경동맥 협착 치료를 위한 스텐트 설치술시 색전방지기구(Filterwire)의 치료 성적

        최현욱,이태홍,김학진,김창원,김석,추기석,이석홍 대한영상의학회 2007 대한영상의학회지 Vol.56 No.2

        Purpose: The aims of this study were to analyze the results of carotid artery stenting using distal protection with FilterWire, and evaluate the effectiveness of FilterWire for distal embolic protection. Materials and Methods: Between June and December in 2004, elective carotid artery stenting using FilterWire was attempted in 25 lesions of 24 consecutive patients. All patients were symptomatic, with recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIA) or a stroke. The cerebral ischemic lesions of embolic origin were evaluated before and after the procedure using magnetic resonance imaging, including diffusion-weighted images. Both preand post-procedural 99mcTc-ECD SPECT were performed to assess the cerebral blood flows. Any visible debris within the FilterWire was sent for histological/cytological analyses. Results: Technical success was achieved all 25 cases. The mean pre-procedural stenosis was 89% (range 70-100%), and that immediately after stent placement was nearly 0%. With the exception of only one major stroke (1/25, 4%), no periprocedural complications were encountered. On the diffusion weighted images, new lesions were observed in four patients (4/25, 16%), but these were clinically silent. FilterWire-related transient spasm occurred in eight of the 25 procedures (32%). Conclusion: Carotid artery stenting, with FireWire distal protection, seems technically feasible, safe and effective in preventing procedural related embolic complications. 목 적: 본 연구는 중증의 경동맥협착을 가진 환자에서 Filterwire 색전방지기구를 이용한 스텐트 설치술의 결과를 분석하고, Filterwire 색전방지기구가 경동맥 스텐트 설치술시에 급성합병증을 줄이는데 유용한지를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 2004년 6월부터 12월까지 Filterwire를 이용한 경동맥 스텐트 설치술을 시행한 24명의 환자에서 25개 병변을 대상으로 분석하였다. 시술전과 시술 후에 확산강조영상을 포함하는 뇌 자기공명영상을 시행하여 시술 후 새로운 색전병변의 유무를 평가하였다. 또한, 단일광자방출 전산화 단층영상을 시행하여 시술 후 뇌혈류의 변화를 평가하였다. 결과: 모든 25예에서 성공적으로 스텐트설치술이 이루어졌으며, 시술 전 평균 협착은 89%(70-100%), 시술직후 평균 협착은 거의 0%로, 100%의 기술적인 성공을 이루었다. 30일 추적관찰에서 시술과 관련된 합병증은 1예(1/25, 4%)가 있었다. 4예(4/25, 16%)에서 술 후 확산강조 자기공명영상에서 새로운 색전병변이 관찰되었으나, 임상적인 증상은 없었다. 시술 후 단일광자방출 전산화 단층촬영에서 뇌혈류와 뇌혈관반응성이 회복되는 소견을 보였다. 8예에서 Filterwire와 관련된 원위부 내경동맥의 일과성 연축이 있었다(8/25, 32%). 결론: Filterwire 색전방지기구를 이용한 경동맥 스텐트 설치술은 기술적으로 적용가능하고, 안전하며, 시술과 관련된 색전 합병증을 줄이는데 매우 효과적이었다.

      • KCI등재

        하이드록시프로필화 쌀 전분의 이화학적 특성

        최현욱,구혜진,김종태,황성연,김동섭,최성원,허남윤,백무열,Choi, Hyun-Wook,Koo, Hye-Jin,Kim, Chong-Tai,Hwang, Seong-Yun,Kim, Dong-Seob,Choi, Sung-Won,Hur, Nam-Youn,Baik, Moo-Yeol 한국식품과학회 2005 한국식품과학회지 Vol.37 No.1

        쌀 전분에 propylene oxide(PO)를 단계별(전분 공형분 대비 2-12%)로 20시간과 24시간 반응시켜 하이드록시프로필화 쌀 전분을 제조하고, 변성된 쌀 전분의 용해도, 팽윤력, RVA, DSC 특성을 연구하였다. 팽윤력은 일반 쌀 전분 보다 낮은 온도에서 증가되기 시작하였으나 높은 경향을 보였으며, 하이드록시프로필화 쌀 전분이 일반 쌀 전분보다 완만한 상승을 나타내었다. 용해도는 하이드록시프로필화 쌀 전분이 일반 쌀 전분보다 낮은 결과를 나타내었고 PO 함량이 높을수록 높아지는 결과를 보였다. RVA 분석결과 PO 함량이 높을수록 pasting temperature와 peak time이 낮아졌고 최고 점도는 하이드록시프로필화 쌀 전분이 일반 쌀 전분보다 낮고 holding strength는 높은 경향을 나타내고 breakdown의 경우 반응시간이 24시간이 20시간보다 낮은 경향을 보였으며 Setback은 24시간 반응시킨 처리구들이 일반 쌀 전분보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다. DSC분석결과 PO 함량이 높을수록 To, Tp, Tc, ${\Dalta}H$가 감소하였다. 따라서 하이드록시프로필화 쌀 전분의 경우 전분입자내의 intemal bond가 하이드록시프로필기에 의해 약해져서 호화가 쉽게, 즉 낮은 온도에서 일어나는 것으로 판단되었고 최대 팽윤력, breakdown에서 옥수수 전분과는 다른 결과를 나타내어 전분의 종류에 따라 같은 변성 처리라고 하더라도 다른 결과를 나타낼 수 있다는 사실이 확인되었다. Physicochemical properties of hydroxypropylated rice starches were investigated. Swelling power of hydroxypropylated rice starch increased at relatively lower temperature than native rice starch. Solubility of hydroxypropylated rice starch was lower (1.9-13.4%) than that of native rice starch (2.2-13.8%), and increased with increasing amount of propylene oxide. Pasting temperature ($66.2-70.8^{\circ}C$) and peak viscosity (2,843-3,395cp) of hydroxypropylated rice starch were lower than those of native starch ($71.6^{\circ}C,\;3,976\;cp$) and decreased with increasing amount of propylene oxide, regardless of reaction time. DSC thermal transitions of hydroxypropylated rice starches shifted toward lower temperature. Amylopectin-melting enthalpy of hydroxypropylated rice starch decreased (11.8-9.8J/g) with increasing amount of propylene oxide and was lower than that of native starch (11.9 J/g). These results indicate hydroxypropylation lowered swelling power and gelatinization temperatures of rice starch, because internal bonds of rice starch molecules were sterically weaken by substituted hydroxypropyl groups.

      • KCI등재

        디지털 여가활동 동호회 참여 동기: DSLR카메라 동호회원을 중심으로

        최현욱,이철원 여가문화학회 2010 여가학연구 Vol.8 No.1

        In this perspective, the study is to find out what motivation makes people continuously participate in DSLR camera club, on of digital leisure activities, by conducting qualitative research. This study used in-depth interview for 7 research participants and triangulation and member check were applied to enhance validity and reliability. As a result, two factors of continuing motivation were emerged as individual and social motivations. Individual motivation was divided in three sub-themes such as self-style, pursuing to recording life and challenge. Social motivation was composed of four sub-themes such as approval, pleasure by others, ostentation and sociality. These motivations are interacted each other in leisure activity. 이 연구의 목적은 새로운 여가 매체인 DSLR을 사용하여 동호회에 지속적으로 참여하는 동기가 무엇인지 분석하는데 있다. 이러한 관점에서, 본 연구는 디지털 여가 활동 중 하나인 DSLR카메라 동호회에 참가하는 여가 참여자들의 지속적 참여 동기는 무엇인지에 대하여 질적 연구를 통하여 탐구하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 본 연구는 심층면담을 통하여 총 7명의 연구 대상자에게 자료를 수집하였고, 연구의 타당성과 신뢰성 평가를 위해 다각도 분석법(triangulation)과 연구 참여자검토(member check)를 통해 실시하였다. 지속적인 참여 동기는 개인적 동기와 사회적 동기로 나뉘어졌다. 개인적 동기는 자기스타일, 삶의 기록 추구와 도전으로 제시되었다. 사회적 동기는 인정, 동반자로 인한 즐거움, 과시와 사교로 구성되었다. 개인적 그리고 사회적 동기는 DSLR카메라 동호회원이 지속적으로 디지털 사진 찍기 활동에 임하게 하는 것으로 제시되었다.

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