葫蘆巴 종자 추출물이 난소 절제술을 받은 쥐에서 갱년기 증상 및 골다공증에 미치는 영향

김민주 ( Min Ju Kim ),신미래 ( Mi-rae Shin ),최학주 ( Hak Joo Choi ),노성수 ( Seong-soo Roh ) 대한본초학회 2024 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.39 No.3

Objectives : We proposed the hypothesis that administering Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extract (TSE) could alleviate menopausal symptoms and osteoporosis resulting from estrogen deficiency. Methods : Ovariectomized (OVX) rats were administered TSE at doses of 300 or 600 mg/kg body weight for 8 weeks, followed by measurement of serum lipid profile and serum bone markers using ELISA kits. Additionally, analysis of related genes in the femur and uterus was performed using Western blot and real-time PCR. Additionally, micro-CT analysis was performed to investigate the protective effect of TSE against bone loss due to oophorectomy. Results : The administration of TSE led to significant reductions in triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and glucose levels in the serum of OVX rats. Furthermore, TSE increased estradiol levels in the serum and notably improved the levels of biochemical markers associated with bone metabolism. Additionally, TSE exerted significant regulatory effects on the mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)―genes closely associated with bone metabolism in the femur. TSE also demonstrated pronounced effects on uterine tissue, with improvements observed in gene expression related to estrogen receptors. Conclusion : Our findings confirm the efficacy of TSE in ameliorating menopause symptoms by modulating elements associated with both bone and lipid metabolism in the serum, uterine tissue, and femur of OVX rats. The present findings suggest that TSE may offer potential therapeutic effects for symptoms related to menopause and osteoporosis in females.

흑삼이 폐고혈압 유발 흰쥐에 미치는 영향

송낙근 ( Nak Keun Song ),최학주 ( Hak Ju Choi ),김동희 ( Dong Hee Kim ),노성수 ( Seong Soo Roh ),서영배 ( Young Bae Seo ) 대한본초학회 2009 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

Objectives: To access the safety and efficacy of Black Ginseng (BG), a traditional herbal medicine on hypertension, we examined various parameters involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Methods: We made deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA;25 mg/kg/3times/weeks for 3 weeks)-induced hypertension Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. And experiment group was treated with extract of black ginseng (BG;200 mg/kg/day). Results: In results, the weight of experiment group treated with BG was increased compared with normal and control group. And the heart and lung weights of experiment group were decreased compared with control group. The blood pressure and pulse rate of group treated with BG were significantly decreased compared with control group. In addition, BG greatly reduced the levels of aldosterone. These results suggested that BG has suppressive effects on hypertension, and BG has potential as a safe and effective therapeutics for hypertension. Conclusions: The present data show evidences on anti-hypertension activity of BG in an experimental animal system, which can provide further insights into the development of anti-hypertension therapeutic agents.

GF37 Inhibit Inflammation in Airway Epitherial Cells via the Suppression of MAPK/NF-κB Pathway Activation

Mi Kyung Pyo(표미경),Go Woo Choi(최고우),Ju Yeong So(소주영),Yun Ho Jo(조윤호),Bi Oh Park(박비오),Sang Hun Lee(이상훈),Jin Seong Kim(김진성),Dae Seok Yoo(유대석),Sang Won Cho(조상원),Young Soo Kim(김영수),Hak Joo Choi(최학주),Seong S 한국약용작물학회 2022 한국약용작물학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.1

TNCB로 유발한 아토피피부염 생쥐 모델에서 천일염가미방(天日鹽加味方)과 청기해독산(淸肌解毒散)의 병용 효과

이경미 ( Kyoung Mee Lee ),김선빈 ( Seon Bin Gim ),최학주 ( Hak Ju Choi ),최정준 ( Jeong June Choi ),노성수 ( Seong Soo Roh ),김동희 ( Dong Hee Kim ) 대한본초학회 2009 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

Objectives: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by typically distributed eczematous skin lesion with pruritus, lichenification and dry skin. In this study, we performed to assess the therapeutic effects of co-treatment of Chenilyeomgamibang (CGB) and Chenggihaedok-san (CHS, C&C) on the TNCB(trinitrochlorobenzene)-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice, characterized by the onset of atopic dermatitis along with an increase the number of inflammatory cells and dysregulation of Th2 cytokines. Methods: Defined amount of CGB was sprayed on mice skin and CHS was simultaneously orally administrated to TNCB treated NC/Nga mice for 5 weeks. The immune cell types were caracterized by flow cytometry using each specific antibody. The amount of Th2 cytokines in serum and splenocytes culture supernatant were measured by ELISA. Results: Administration of C&C significantly reduced clinical dermatitis severity including pruritus, edema, eczematous and erythema. Histological findings indicated that the thickening of epidermis/ dermis and dermal infiltration of inflammatory cells were dramatically reduced. Flow cytometry analysis showed that infiltrated immune cell numbers of CCR3+, B220+/IgE+, Gr-1+/CD11b+, and CD117+ were significantly reduced in C&C-treated dorsal skin lesion. Furthermore, T cell composition rate in PBMC was also dramatically decreased by the treatment. C&C greatly down-regulated production of Th2 cytokines including IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 in the serum. The down-regulatory effects of C&C on these Th2 cytokines production were also detected in CD3/ CD28 activated splenocytes. Conclusions: These results indicated that C&C is a plausible therapeutic agent for treatment of atopic dermatitis through regulating the Th2 skewed immune system.

지방자치단체 교육경비보조금 지원 실태 분석

김영길(Kim Young Gil),전옥례(Jeon Ok Rye),최학주(Choi Hak Ju) 전북대학교 교육문제연구소 2015 교육문제연구 Vol.21 No.1

이 연구는 전라북도의 광역 및 기초자치단체에서 전라북도교육청 및 각급학교에 지원한 전입금 중 법정전입금을 제외한 비법정전입금과 교육경비를 2011년도부터 1013년도까지 3개년을 중심으로 분석하였다. 분석방법은 연도별 지원금 총액과 학력신장, 글로벌 인재양성, 교육환경개선, 학교급식, 학생 복리증진, 학생장학금, 기타 등의 분야별 지원금액, 광역 및 기초자치단체별 지원금액에 대해 전라북도교육청 결산자료를 사용하였다. 분석결과 학교급식비등 학생복리 증진을 위한 경비는 매년 증가하는데 교육환경개선을 위한 투자는 저조한 편이다. 학생들이 환경을 통해서도 잠재적인 학습을 한다는 점을 볼 때 교육환경개선을 위한 투자도 지속적으로 증가시킬 필요가 있다. 교육경비를 집행함에 있어서도 교육에 대한 전문성이 떨어지는 기초자치단체에서 직접 집행하기 보다는 교육을 전담하고 있는 교육기관에서 예산집행이 이루어져야 할 것이다. 또한 지방자치단체의 교육에 대한 중복투자를 방지하고 예산의 효율적 집행을 위해 정기적인 투자현황 조사와 분석이 필요하다. 재정부담 능력이 있음에도 타 지방자치단체와 비교하여 적정 수준의 투자가 이루어지지 않고 있는 자치단체들이 있는데 지역교육의 발전을 위해서 적정한 투자가 이루어져야 하며, 열악한 자치단체에 대해서는 중앙정부나 광역자치단체에서 대응투자가 필요하다. This study analyzed non-legal transferred incomes excluding legal transferred incomes among the amounts funded to Jeollabuk-do Office of Education and schools by the lower-level and upper-level local governments in Jeollabuk-do from 2011 to 2013. In terms of an analysis method, the results of the settlement of Jeollabuk-do Office of Education on subsidies (ex: total annual subsidy, academic achievement, global talent fostering, improvement of educational environment, school meal service, improvement of student welfare, scholarship, subsidy by lower-level/upper-level local government, etc.) were used. The analysis found that while the expenditures for improvement of student welfare such as school meal service expenses have continuously increased, there has been little investment in the improvement of education environment. Considering the fact that students also learn through educational environment, there should be continued investments in the improvement of learning environment. In the execution of educational expenditures as well, budget should be executed by educational institutions, not by local authorities which are less professional in education. Furthermore, local authorities should not make redundant investments in education, and budget execution should be regularly investigated and analyzed for the efficient execution of budget. Some local authorities are even reluctant to make these investments even though they are financially sufficient. For the development of local education, they need to make proper investments. For the local governments in poor financial shape, the central government or an upper-level local government needs to take proper actions.

MIA 유도 골관절염 랫드에 Natural Eggshell Membrane (NEM)이 미치는 영향

심부용(Sim, Boo Yong),박지원(Bak, Ji Won),이해진(Lee, Hae Jin),전지애(Jun, Ji Ae),최학주(Choi, Hak Joo),권창주(Kwon, Chang Ju),김화영(Kim, Hwa Young),Kevin J. Ruff,Karsten Brandt,김동희(Kim, Dong Hee) 한국영양학회 2015 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.48 No.4

본 연구는 난각막 추출물 (NEM)이 골관절염 동물 모델에서 골관절염 유발 인자에 대한 예방과 개선에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 실시하였다. 실험동물인 6주령의 랫드에 NEM을 골관절염 유발 2주전부터 농도별 (52 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg)로 경구 투여하였으며, 2주간의 경구 투여 실시 후 정상군 (normal)을 제외한 대조군과 NEM 경구투여군에게 3.0 mg/mL의 농도로 MIA를 주사하여 골관절염을 유발하였다. 골관절염 유발 후 4주간 경구 투여를 지속적으로 실시한 후 혈액 및 관절, 조직 등을 이용하여 골관절염 유발 인자들을 확인하였다. NO 생성량은 NEM200, 400 (mg/kg)에서 유의성 있는 감소를 나타내었으며, PGE2 생성량은 모든 농도에서 유의성 있는 감소를 나타내었다. 사이토카인 IL-1β와 IL-6 생성량은 IL-1β에서는 모든 농도에서 유의성 있는 감소를 보였으나, IL-6에서는 400 mg/kg 농도에서만이 유의성 있는 감소를 나타내었다. hs-CRP 생성량은 모든 농도에서 대조군에 비하여 유의성있는 감소를 나타내었으며, MMPs 생성량과 LTB4 생성량을 모든 농도에서 유의성 있는 감소를 나타내었다. 또한, COMP 및 CTX-II 검사를 통해 골관절염의 진행 억제에 유의성 있는 감소를 나타내었다. 마지막으로 관절과 연골을 micro-CT 및 조직 염색을 실시한 결과, NEM 경구 투여군은 연골량 및 관절 조직의 변형, 연골세포의 손상도가 대조군에 비하여 손상이 적었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 볼 때, NEM은 농도 의존적으로 골관절염유발 인자를 감소시켜 관절 및 연골에 효능이 있음을 제시하고 있다. 이와 같은 결과는 NEM이 골관절염에 대한 예방과 개선 효과를 나타낼 수 있는 건강기능식품의 원료로 활용될 수 있을 것이라 사료된다. Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate anti-arthritis activity using natural eggshell membrane (NEM). Methods: NEM was administered at 52 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg to SD-Rat, where arthritis was induced by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) at 3 mg. NO production in serum was measured using Griess reagent. Cytokines including IL-1β, and IL-6 were measured by Luminex and PGE2, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, LTB4, and hs-CRP were measured by ELISA. The cartilage of patella volume was examined and 3-D high-resolution reconstructions of the cartilage of patella were obtained using a Micro-CT system. Results: Production of NO, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, LTB4, and hs-CRP in serum was decreased, respectively, in comparison with control. The cartilage of patella volume increased significantly. In addition, the NEM group showed a decrease in the cartilage of patella, synovial membrane, and transformation of fibrous tissue. Conclusion: The results for NEM showed significant anti-arthritis activity. These results may be developed as a raw material for new health food to ease the symptoms mentioned above.

자녀교육상의 문제가정에 대한 유형별 고찰

최학주 공주교육대학교 초등연구원 1977 公州敎大論叢 Vol.13 No.2

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공주교대 학생들의 가정배경에 관한 교육사회학적 고찰(II)

최학주 공주교육대학교 초등연구원 1981 公州敎大論叢 Vol.17 No.-

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공주교대 학생들의 가정적 배경에 관한 교육 사회학적 고찰

최학주 공주대학교 학생지도연구소 1971 학생지도연구 Vol.1 No.-

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교사의 사기에 관한 일연구 -그 의의 및 요인을 중심으로-

최학주 공주교육대학교 초등연구원 1971 公州敎大論叢 Vol.8 No.1

A. Purpose of the study. The purposes of this study are as follows; 1. to define the concept of teacher morale, 2. to clarify the importance of teacher morale in school administration, 3. to analyze the factors affecting teacher morale, and 4. to suggest the guiding principles for good teacher morale in school administration. B. Method of the study. This study is chiefly based on the survey of literature. NEA Research Memo, work of Daniel E, Griffiths and other relevant materials are reffered in the main. C. Findings of 현le study. 1. Morale, originated from the military, is the general term used to describe one s willingn- ess to work, feelings of satisfaction and cooperative attitudes to achieve the goals of the organi- zation for which he works. 2. Teacher morale may fee defined as a spirit of individual selfconfidence which enables the teachers to identify and weld their wishes 우nd attitudes into a coordination of group purposes, making it possible for the school population to act with unity and satisfaction in certain areas despite difficulties or adversity. 3. It is one of the most important duties of school admin-istration to maintain and raise teac- her morale. High teacher morale is dependent upon the effective school administration, and the efficiency of school administration is also dependent upon good teacher morale, so both are closely interrelated. 4. Factors influencing teacher morale can bs classified from the different points of view as follows; (a) At national level, the important factors are salary and welfare, security in the job, opportunity for advancement, and socio-economic status of the teacher. (b) At school level, the important factors are the organizations of school management, the type of principal, the leadership of principal, relations with seniors or confidence in leadership, communications in the group, working conditions or climates, extents of partici- pation in policy making, supports with school problems, class-sizss, teaching loads, teacher evaluations, school facilities, and instructional materials. (c) Besides, professional attitudes of the teacher, elements of the community, and parent- teacher relationships are related to the important factors affecting teacher morale. 5. The analysis of the factors of teacher morale should be attempted broadly in all areas which are related to the teacher. In the same ways, the programs promoting teacher morale might be considered at several levels. 6. In this monograph, the principaK s guiding principles for good teacher morale in school administration are mainly suggested and discussed. The principle of good human relations of D. E Giffiths and K. Wiles could be usefully applied in this situation.