향사이중탕가미방(香砂理中湯加味方)으로 전신냉감과 자한 호전된 여환 1례

최석영,이미주,김은경,이창훈,이경섭,Choi, Seok-Young,Lee, Mi-Joo,Kim, Eun-Kyung,Lee, Chang-Hoon,Lee, Kyung-Sub 대한한방체열의학회 2011 대한한방체열의학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate effect of Hyangsayijoongtang-gamibang on Cold Hypersensitivity and accompanying perspiration. Methods : Hyangsayijoongtang-gamibang was used for a Cold Hypersensitivity patient with accompanying perspiration that was admitted to Kangnam Kyung-Hee Korean Hospital from May 2nd, 2011 to May 14th, 2011. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated with Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging(DITI). along with objective and subjective observations. Results : After treatments of oriental medicine. the mean body temperature elevated $1.32^{\circ}C$. and the mean temperature difference between different points of the body decreased more than 50%. Subjective observation of Cold Hypersensitivity and accompanying perspiration using Visual Analog Scale(VAS) also showed improvement. Conclusion : Results suggest that Hyangsayijoongtang-gamibang is effective in treating Cold Hypersensitivity patients with accompanying perspiration.

복합 대전환시대 - 경제안보 과제와 전략 -

최석영(Choi Seok-young) 한국외교협회 2022 계간 외교 Vol.- No.141

미 신행정부의 국제통상 정책

최석영(Choi Seok-young) 한국외교협회 2021 계간 외교 Vol.- No.136

부인과질환, 월경통과 여성 체형 및 체온의 상관성 연구

최석영 ( Seok Young Choi ),안지윤 ( Ji Yoon Ahn ),이미주 ( Mi Joo Lee ),이진무 ( Jin Moo Lee ),장준복 ( Jun Bock Jang ),이경섭 ( Kyung Sub Lee ),이창훈 ( Chang Hoon Lee ) 대한한방부인과학회 2012 大韓韓方婦人科學會誌 Vol.25 No.4

Objectives: A women`s body type or body temperature is often thought to be associated with gynecologic disorders or dysmenorrhea. The purpose of this study is to analyse the characteristics of body type and body temperature in relation to gynecologic disorders and dysmenorrhea. Methods: We studied 40 patients visiting Kangnam Kyung-hee Medical Center from Jan. 1st, 2010 to March 31st, 2012. Body type and body temperature were compared between Gynecologic disorder group and non-Gynecologic disorder group. Body type and body temperature were compared again between Dysmenorrhea group and non-Dysmenorrhea group. SPSS 18.0 for Windows was used to analyse the data. Results: There was no statistically significance difference in body type and body temperature between Gynecologic disorder group and non-Gynecologic disorder group. Dysmenorrhea group had more developed lower body and greater temperature difference between lower abdomen and foot compared to non-Dysmenorrhea group. Conclusions: The results suggest that women with developed lower body and greater temperature difference between abdomen and lower extremity are more prone to dysmenorrhea.

복합 대전환시대 - 경제안보 과제와 전략 -

최석영 ( Choi Seok-young ) 한국외교협회 2022 외교 Vol.141 No.0

The world undergoes ‘the complex great transformation’due largely to the Sino-U.S. strategic confrontation, the return of the geo-politics, rapid digital shift, green shift and lastly pandemic situation. The unfolding strategic competition of the U.S. and China and the unprovoked aggression by Russia in Ukraine reshapes the global geopolitical and economic landscape. The notion of narrowly defined national security has been expanded with more comprehensive nature including its interface with trade, economy, cyber, health, technology etc. Heavily influenced by the geo-political circumstances and other changing environments, the global supply chains are seriously affected. The complex supply chains are involved by many countries and cover entire life cycle of the production, distribution and consumption. So they are easily decoupled or distorted by the restrictive actions such as export controls, investment restrictions, protectionist practices etc. The WTO is no longer eligible to address new and emerging issues nor disputes settlements, as the unilateralism and protectionism for the sake of the national security has become new normal. Economic security should be comprehensive strategy to uphold the constitutional values and economic system of a country. The leading economies such as the U.S., EU and Japan have reviewed the national security strategy and carried out innovative policies, legislation and bureaucratic restructuring among others, recognizing that the economic security is a core element of the national security. They emphasized values like human rights, rule of law and good governance, and international norms such as UNSDGs and Paris Agreement. The covered areas not limited to the high technologies and supply chains, but also include food, energy, maritime, investment, environment and cyber security. Great transformation era defined by the return of geopolitics will exacerbate the competition between heterogenic economic systems and proliferate multilayered cooperation networks among allies and trusted partners. It is imperative for Korea to design comprehensive, preemptive and systematic security strategies in time of the complex great transformation, and the economic security should serve as core element of the national security strategies. As the first step, fundamental guidelines and comprehensive direction for the national security strategies should be crafted out. Economic security strategies should be based on cooperation with trusted partners while sharing the common values of democracy, human rights and market system. In particular, Korea should pronounce the clarity rather than keeping ambiguities on the core strategies, thus building confidence with allies and cooperating partner countries. In addition, the failure to restrict strategic options for the sake of economic interdependence should not be repeated. Strong presidential leadership is instrumentalto design and implement comprehensive economic security strategies and efficient coordination between relevant Ministries. Korea should join and create, if necessary, multilayered cooperation networks with allies. It should also work with trusted partners in the fields of digital economy, energy, environment, core technology and export control regimes, and enact required legislations. Korea should also facilitate the accession to the CPTPP (Comprehensive and Progressive Trans Pacific Partnership Agreements)and actively participate in the negotiations of the IPEF (Indo-Pacific Economic Framework) among others.

미 신행정부의 국제통상 정책

최석영 ( Choi Seok-young ) 한국외교협회 2021 외교 Vol.136 No.0

International trade has experienced unprecedented changes for last four years under the Presidency of Trump. Having contributed to the world economic development by promoting trade liberalization, the U.S. has taken strong protectionism and unilateral actions for the sake of the national security. To respond the U.S. actions, China and the European Union took countermeasures, leading to the paralysis of the multilateral trading system. The U.S.-China conflicts have aggravated with the technological competition and strategic competition, and the relations of the U.S. with its allies have also strained. Together with these geopolitical tensions, the technological innovation and the spread of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic have become the ‘New Normal’ of the international economic and trade order. Against this backdrop, Biden Administration’s trade-related policy priorities could be characterized with 4 Rs: that is, revitalize the U.S. economy, reset with allies to define common interests, reengage the WTO and rationalize export control regime: First, it is urgent to help get the U.S. domestic policy right. For Biden Administration, it is critical to take new domestic policy initiatives arising from the recession to boost up economy, and to address pandemic and geostrategic conflict with China. Biden Administration will pursue legitimate legal defense under a system governed by the agreed upon rules, whenever the U.S. policy is subject to international challenges Second, the new administration will reset with allies to define common interests and reengage the WTO to ensure long term cooperation in areas of joint concerns about China and the WTO. It will work with allies to address Chinese unfair trade practices such as intellectual property infringements, forced technology transfer, state capitalism, industrial subsidy and state owned enterprises. Biden Administration will take principled approaches towards China, while the U.S. and China have to cooperate in the fields of global issues that include climate change, the pandemic and WTO reform among others Third, Biden Administration is expected to rationalize the increasingly expansive export control regime and make it more multilateral. Trump’s unilateral U.S. export controls on high-technology good and services to mitigate national security concerns have significantly increased trade coverage and triggered new channels of conflict even with allies; Lastly, Biden Administration will hold the position that the WTO should continue to provide the essential trade rule book for the U.S. and the rest of the world. To this end, the U.S. will quickly prioritize improvements to the WTO’s core functions such as legislative, judiciary and executive ones. In particular, it is urgent to reestablish a working WTO dispute settlement system to replace or to modify the operation of the Appellate Body. The U.S. would also prioritize negotiations with a limited, critical mass of countries over a smaller package of essential issues such as industrial subsidies, digital trade and state-owned enterprises among others. Notwithstanding the aforementioned trade policy priorities of the Biden Administration, both home and foreign political environments are not necessarily beneficial to carry out them. At home it is imperative to get cooperation of the Republic an Senators in enacting laws and nominating senior officials. On foreign fronts, it is expected that governmental interventions throughout the world will show more protectionist trends to muddle through the economic recession and to restrict foreign investment. Moreover, trade agenda will be expanded to the trade-related areas such as environment, labor and human rights, which will lead to more protectionism rather than market opening. The reshoring of manufacturing and the U.S.-China decoupling in production, trade, investment and high technology areas will be expedited. Overall, the uncertainty of the world economic order will continue to be increased thanks to the aggravating U.S.-China conflicts in the fields of economy, trade, technology and beyond. The Republic of Korea is forced to take strategic judgments and positioning under the conflicts between the U.S., its ally and China, its neighboring power. In the midst of the geo-political risks such as U.S.-China decoupling, Korea should take proactive actions in monitoring trade and investment policies of the big powers and consider overall risk aversion strategies. Based on free democracy and market economy system, it should pursue domestic trade policy and build up multi-layered trade agreements networks. Korea should also participate in the WTO reform discussions and consider to join or develop the regional trade architectures whatsoever in the Asia-Pacific region.

산후 우울증의 한방 치료에 대한 무작위대조군연구 중심의 연구 동향

최석영 ( Seok-young Choi ),박경선 ( Kyoung-sun Park ),황덕상 ( Deok-sang Hwang ),이진무 ( Jin-moo Lee ),이창훈 ( Chang-hoon Lee ),장준복 ( Jun-bock Jang ) 대한한방부인과학회 2018 大韓韓方婦人科學會誌 Vol.31 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the research trends of randomized controlled trials on Traditional Korean Medicine treatment for postpartum depression in women. Methods : In order to investigate the effect of Traditional Korean Medicine on postpartum depression, randomized controlled trials on postpartum depression were searched using domestic and foreign search engines and a total of 11 studies were selected. Results: 1. There were 6 studies comparing Traditional Korean Medicine treatment methods with western medicine: fuoxetine hydrochloride (4),paroxetine (1),and mirazapine (1). 2. There were 5 studies comparing methods of Traditional Korean Medicine or sham acupuncture: 1 study evaluated the efficacy of Balance Acupuncture and 1 study compared the effects of conventional acupuncture and Dispersing Liver Regulating Spirit Acupuncture, 1 study evaluated the efficacy of acupuncture and Heat-sensitive Moxibustion,1 study compared the effects of conventional acupuncture and Musical Electroacupunctore,and 1 study compared the effects of conventional acupuncttre and non-invasive sham acupuncture. 3. Postpartum depression is closely related to Heart and Liver, and there were many studies using acupoints Taichong (LR3) and Shenmen (HE7). Cranial acupoints Baihui (DU20) and Yintang (EX-HN3) were also frequently used. 4. Xiaoyaosan and Guipi Decoction were used in herbal medicine treatment for postpartum depression. 5. Novel treatment methods such as Heat-sensitive Moxibustion and Musical Electroacupuncture were used to treat postpartum depression. Conclusion: Traditional Korean Medicine treatment is a good treatment option for postpartum depression. Further systematic studies are needed to establish the basis for Traditional Korean Medicine treatment for postpartum depression.

젊은 여성의 냉증과 건강지표들의 상관성에 관한 연구

최석영 ( Seok Young Choi ),이미주 ( Mi Joo Lee ),김은경 ( Eun Kyung Kim ),이진무 ( Jin Moo Lee ),이창훈 ( Chang Hoon Lee ),장준복 ( Jun Bock Jang ),이경섭 ( Kyung Sub Lee ) 대한한방부인과학회 2011 大韓韓方婦人科學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

육울탕가미방(六鬱湯加味方)과 외치법(外治法)을 병용한 울증(鬱症)으로 변증된 여성 여드름 환자 치험 2례

최석영 ( Seok Young Choi ),황덕상 ( Deok Sang Hwang ),이진무 ( Jin Moo Lee ),장준복 ( Jun Bock Jang ),이경섭 ( Kyung Sub Lee ),이창훈 ( Chang Hoon Lee ) 대한한방부인과학회 2015 大韓韓方婦人科學會誌 Vol.28 No.2

Objectives: Acne vulgaris is a common skin disorder prevalent among adolescence into adulthood, and its consequences can be detrimental especially for women. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Yukul-tang Gamibang (YG) on female acne vulgaris. Methods: We treated 2 cases of female acne patients diagnosed as ‘Stagnation Pattern`` with herbal medication and external treatments. Herbal medication was orally administered 2 times a day and external treatments were applied once a week on average during the whole treatment period. Results: Photographs were taken at the start of each session, and the pictures of before and after the treatment period were compared. The severity of acne vulgaris was evaluated according to the Korean Acne Grading System (KAGS). We observed clinical improvement and decrease in KAGS grades after treatment. Conclusions: After taking YG, acne vulgaris was significantly improved in both patients. The results suggest that YG may be effective in treating acne vulgaris in female patients diagnosed as ‘Stagnation Pattern’.

전신 원적외선 조사요법(溫通療法)의 치료 효과에 대한 적외선 체열 분포와 심박변이도 검사 분석

김민영 ( Min Young Kim ),안지윤 ( Ji Yoon Ahn ),최석영 ( Seok Young Choi ),황덕상 ( Deok Sang Hwang ),이진무 ( Jin Moo Lee ),장준복 ( Jun Bock Jang ),이경섭 ( Kyung Sub Lee ),이창훈 ( Chang Hoon Lee ) 대한한방부인과학회 2013 大韓韓方婦人科學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

The purpose of this study is to find the effect of Far Infrared Radiation (FIR) about improvement of chief complaints and health state. Methods: For this study we evaluated thermographic images, heart rate variability (HRV), visual analogue scale (VAS) score of 34 patients with various diseases. Tests were done two times, before and after treatments and we compared the test results. We used the temperature difference between CV12 and CV4, both sides of PC8, LR3 for recognizing improvement of blood circulation. We analyzed the change of complexity, stability of autonomic nervous system (ANS) by HRV test. The patients were asked to fill out questionnaire about the severity of symptoms by VAS score. Analyses were undertaken using SPSS ver.12.0.1 and p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Statistical analysis shows that Far Infrared Radiation (FIR) had significant efficiency in increasing surface temperature and reducing VAS pain scores. In heart rate variability (HRV) test, LF/HF ratio showed tends to improve. Conclusions: The application of an FIR to whole body appears to alleviate various complaints of patients.