지상파 공동 출구조사 8년, 성과와 과제

최상훈 한국방송협회 2017 방송문화 Vol.- No.410

Nutcracker Syndrome Diagnosed with 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography Angiography

최상훈,김진섭,신태섭,이용성,최낙규,김형주 대한비뇨의학회 2009 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.50 No.7

We report a case of nutcracker syndrome diagnosed with 3-dimensional computed tomography angiography (3-D CTA). Nutcracker syndrome had been confirmed by conventional venography until recent years. Nowadays, with the development of imaging techniques, color Doppler sonogram and 3-D CTA are replacing venography for the diagnosis of nutcracker syndrome. The patient, a 20-year-old male, had abrupt gross hematuria and left abdominal pain 6 months previously and intermittent microscopic hematuria thereafter. Including renal biopsy, the results of conventional hematuria study showed no abnormalities. 3-D CTA showed left renal vein compression between the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery and collateral veins. The angle and distance between the superior mesenteric artery and aorta at the level of the left renal vein were 35o and 3.0 mm, respectively. We diagnosed nutcracker syndrome and later confirmed the diagnosis with venography.

차세대 방송통신위성을 활용한 공공재난안전통신서비스 제공방안 연구

최상훈,김사혁 한국정보통신설비학회 2010 한국정보통신설비학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.1

Morphology, Mineralogy and Genetic Implication of Placer Gold from the Huongkhe Area, Vietnam

최상훈,최선규,한진균,Choi, Sang-Hoon,Choi, Seon-Gyu,Han, Jin-Kyun The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental G 1996 자원환경지질 Vol.29 No.3

베트남 홍케 광화대의 동도 및 호아하이 지역으로 부터 채취된 사금은 일반적으로 세립질로서, 동도 지역 사금은 호아하이 지역에 비하여 상대적으로 큰 입도와 낮은 분급도의 경향성을 보여준다. 이들 사금 입자의 산출형태는 장경과 단경의 비에 의하여 spherical, subprismoidal, prismoidal 및 irregular로 분류 할 수 있으며, spherical form이 ${\approx}75%$인 호아하이 지역에 비하여 동도 지역 사금 업자들의 형태는 다양하게 관찰된다. 이러한 산상에 의하면, 동도지역에 비하여 호아하이지역 사금의 이동거리 (또는 시간)가 걸었던 것으로 추정된다. 이들 사금은 그 화학조성에 의하여 electrum (type I, fineness=568~931), amalgam (type II, fineness=671~927), native gold (type III, fineness=923~999) 등으로 분류된다. Type I은 그 산출특정에 따라 상대적으로 낮은 함은량 (11~39 atomic % Ag)을 갖는 type IA와, 상대적으로 높은 함은량 (40~58 atomic % Ag)을 갖는 type IB로 세분되며, 이는 기원광상산 electrum의 화학조성을 보여주는 것으로 사료된다. Type II는 주로 호아하이지역에서 산출되며, 함수은량은 동도지역의 사금이 낮은 경향을 보여준다. Type III는 주로 type I 또는 type II 사금업자의 가장자리에 산출한다. 이들 type III의 gold-rich rim은 이동과 풍화과정중 산화환경에서 야기된 self-electrorefining과 silver의 preferential dissolution에 기인된 것으로 사료된다. 홍케지역 사금중 적어도 일부 높은 함수은량을 보이는 경우는 함금-은 천열수 광상과 유사한 환경에서 생성된 기원광상으로부터 유래되었을 것으로 추정된다. Placer gold in collected heavy minerals from several localities in Huongkhe area, is consistently very finegrained (${\leq}100$ to $400{\mu}m$). The size and size distribution show somewhat differences at Dongdo and Hoahai : at Dongdo, predominant relatively larger and wide distribution; at Hoahai, characteristic relatively finer and narrow distribution range. The morphology of gold grains is divided into the four groups assumed by the dimension ratio : spherical, subprismoidal, prismoidal, and irregular. The gold grains at Dongdo show wide morphological distribution, whereas, at Hoahai, spherical form is predominant (${\approx}75%$). Three main types of gold are classified based on their chemical composition and mode of occurrence: type I (electrum; fineness=568~931), type II (amalgam; fineness=671~927), and type III (native gold; fineness=923~999). Type I gold contains, relatively high and variable silver contents (${\approx}11$ to 58 atomic % Ag), and has been classified into two subtypes based on their silver contents (type IA, ${\approx}11{\sim}39$ atomic % Ag; type IB, ${\approx}40{\sim}58$ atomic % Ag). However, type I gold would have been generally original compositions of electrum which originated at the provenance deposits. Mercury reacts with gold and silver to form amalgam (type II gold) which has variable Hg contents (1.2~30.5 atomic % Hg). The mercury contents in gold grains at Hoahai (10.9~30.5 atomic % Hg) are higher than those at Dongdo (5.8~21.1 atomic % Hg). The gold grains from the area generally exhibit a high-purity gold (type III) rim. The individual rims on the various grains range from <1 to $80{\mu}m$ in thickness and have silver contents of <10 atomic percent Ag, even though the core compositions range from ${\approx}11$ to 58 atomic percent Ag. The rim of gold most likely is responsible for the commonly cited cases of gold from placer deposits assaying at higher values of fineness than the gold in the corresponding source lode. The gold-rich rim in the Huongkhe area apparently forms by a combination of self-electrorefining and preferential dissolution of silver under oxidizing nature during the weathering and transport process. All data of gold grains in the Huongkhe area suggest that the transport distances and/or time of placer gold at Hoahai are generally farther than those at Dongdo. The mercurian gold bearing provenance deposits at Dongdo and Hoahai would be suggest nearest epithermal gold-silver vein-type.

The Geochemistry of Copper-bearing Hydrothermal Vein Deposits in Goseong Mining District (Samsan Area), Gyeongsang Basin, Korea

최상훈,소칠섭,권순학,최광준,Choi, Sang Hoon,So, Chil Sup,Kweon, Soon Hag,Choi, Kwang Jun The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental G 1994 자원환경지질 Vol.27 No.2

경상분지 백악기 퇴적암류와 화산암류내 열극을 충진한 열수 맥상광체들로 구성된 삼산지역 동광상들은 구조운동에 수반되어 2회에 걸쳐 형성된 석영 및 방해석맥들로 구성된다. 변질대에 산출되는 견운모에 대한 K-Ar 연령은 약 82Ma로서, 지역주변에 암주상으로 산출되는 화강섬록암의 관입활동 등 후기 백악기 화성활동과 관련된 것임을 지시한다. 주 광화시기인 광화 I기 석영맥내에는 황철석, 유비철석, 황동석, 섬아연석, 방연석, 적철석 및 Pb-Bi-Ag-Sb계 유염광물등의 광석광물들이 녹렴석, 녹니석 등의 맥석광물들과 함께 산출되며, 광화 I기는 광물들의 산출조직과 공생관계 등에 의하여 3개의 substage (early, main, late)로 구분된다. 본역내 광상들에서의 주된 동광화작용은 약 12~3wt. % NaCl 상당 염농도를 갖는 광화유체로 부터 약 $330^{\circ}C$에서 약 $280^{\circ}C$ 에 걸쳐 진행되었으며, 초기 광화유체의 비등현상으로부터 ${\leq}100{\sim}200bar$의 광화작용시 압력이 확인된다. 주광화시기인 광화 I기중 광화유체의 ${\delta}^{34}S_{H_2S}$값이 초기 8‰에서 후기 2.3‰로 점차 감소함은 광화유체의 비등과 천수혼입에 수반되어 산소분압이 점진적으로 증가한 결과로 해석된다. 유체내 산소 및 수소 안정동위원소 연구결과, 이들 동위원소 값이 광화작용의 진행과 함께 점차 감소함은 상대적으로 낮은 water/rock 비값을 갖는 환경하에서 동위원소 교환반응을 이뤄 평행상태에 이른 광화초기 열수계내에 광화작용의 진행과 함께 산화상태의 차갑고 동위원소적 교환반응이 거의 이뤄지지 않은 천수의 혼입이 점증 하였음을 지시한다. Copper-bearing hydrothermal vein mineralization of the Samsan area was deposited in two stages (I and II) of quartz-calcite-sulfide veins which fill fissures in Cretaceous volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Gyeongsang basin. The major ore minerals, chalcopyrite and sphalerite, together with pyrite, galena, hematite, and minor sulfosalts, occur with epidote and chlorite as gangue minerals in stage I quartz veins. Chlorite geothermometry, fluid inclusion and stable isotope data indicate that copper ore was deposited mainly at temperatures between $330^{\circ}C$ and $280^{\circ}C$ from fluids with salinities between 12 and 3 equiv. wt % NaCl. Evidence of fluid boiling indicates a range of pressures from ${\leq}100$ to 200 bars bars. Within ore stage I there was an apparent decrease in ${\delta}^{34}S$ values of $H_{2}S$ with paragenetic time, from 8.0 to 2.3 per mil. This pattern was likely achieved through progressive increases in activity of oxygen accompanying boiling and mixing. In the early part of the first stage, the high temperature, high salinity fluids gave way to progressively cooler and more dilute fluids of the late parts in the first stage and of the second stage. There is a systematic decrease in calculated ${\delta}^{18}O_{water}$ values with decreasing temperature in the Samsan hydrothermal system, from values of -86 per mil for early portion of stage I through -5.9 per mil for late portion of stage I to -6.3 per mil for stage II. The ${\delta}D$ values of fluid inclusion waters also decrease with paragenetic time from -76 per mil to -86 per mil. These trends combined with mineral paragenesis and fluid inclusion data are interpreted to indicate progressive cooler, more oxidizing meteoric water inundation of an early exchanged meteoric hydrothermal system.

온라인 실시간 쌍방향 수업을 활용한 과정 중심 평가 방안 -고등학교 한국사 수업을 중심으로-

최상훈,김영한 서원대학교 사범대학 부설 교육연구소 2021 교육발전 Vol.40 No.3

In this study, we prepared student-centered teaching and learning methods and process-centered evaluation methods pursued in the 2015 revised curriculum in the national and social crisis situation called Pandemic, and conducted high school Korean history classes in real-time interactive online. The online real-time interactive class of Korean history in high school was applied to 'the integration of curriculum-class-evaluation-record' reflecting the process-centered evaluation, and it was conducted as a process of students' presentation, mutual inquiry and answer. Teacher observed and evaluated students in the class process using the pre-prepared process-based evaluation scale, and recorded the prominent characteristics of students found in the class participation process and reflected them in the school record at the end of the semester. The results of this study are as follow. The real-time video interactive class was the next best way of face-to-face class, and the students' participation and satisfaction were high. In addition, the process-centered evaluation was realized in the non-face-to-face online class process, and the characteristics of the students' task performance process and class could be reflected in the school record, so that the linkage of teaching, learning, evaluation and records could be possible. If the problems of the online class environment suggested in this study are improved, the online real-time interactive class is considered to be one of the useful teaching methods to be used in future education. 본 연구의 목적은 팬데믹이라는 국가적․사회적 위기 상황을 맞이하여 2015 개정 교육과정에서 추구하는 학생 중심의 교수․학습과 과정 중심 평가를 적용할 수 있는 온라인 실시간 쌍방향 수업방안을 모색하는 것이다. 본 연구에서 설계하여 진행한 온라인 실시간 쌍방향 수업은 과정 중심 평가가 반영된 ‘교육과정-수업-평가-기록의 일체화’를 적용한 것으로 학생들이 발표하고 상호 질의 및 답변하는 과정으로 이루어졌다. 교사는 사전에 마련된 평가 척도를 활용하여 수업 과정에서 학생들을 관찰․평가하였고, 수업 과정에서 발견한 학생의 특징을 누가 기록하여 학기 말에 학교생활기록부에 반영하였다. 연구의 결과 온라인 실시간 쌍방향 수업은 대면 수업의 차선 방안으로 학생들의 참여도와 만족도가 높았다. 또한, 비대면 온라인 수업 과정에서도 과정 중심 평가를 실현할 수 있었으며, 학생들의 수업 참여 과정에서 나타난 특징을 학교생활기록부에 반영할 수 있어 ‘교육과정-수업-평가-기록의 일체화’가 가능하였다. 온라인 실시간 쌍방향 수업은 미래 교육에 활용될 유용한 수업 방안 중 하나라고 판단된다.

메모리 트랩기법을 활용한 컨테이너 취약점 침입 탐지 프레임워크

최상훈,전우진,박기웅 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 2017 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 논문지 Vol.13 No.3

최근 클라우드 플랫폼을 효율적으로 사용하기 위한 컨테이너 기술들이 주목을 받고 있다. 컨테이너 가상화 기술은 기존 하이퍼바이저와 비교하였을 때 이식성이 뛰어나고 집적도가 높다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 하지만 컨테이너 가상 화 기술은 하나의 커널을 공유하여 복수개의 인스턴스를 구동하는 운영체제 레벨의 가상화 기술을 사용하기 때문에 인스턴스 간 공유 자원 요소가 많아져 취약성 또한 증가하는 보안 문제를 가지고 있다. 컨테이너는 컴퓨팅 자원의 효율적 운용을 위해 호스트 운영체제의 라이브러리를 공유하는 특성으로 인해 공격자는 커널의 취약점을 이용하여 호스트 운영체제의 루트 권한 획득 공격이 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 컨테이너가 사용하는 특정 메모리 영역의 변화 를 감지하고, 감지 시에는 해당 컨테이너의 동작을 중지시키는 메모리 트랩 기법을 사용하여 컨테이너 내부에서 발 생되는 호스트 운영체제의 루트 권한 탈취 공격을 효율적으로 탐지 및 대응하기 위한 프레임워크를 제안한다. Recently container technologies have been receiving attention for efficient use of the cloud platform. Container virtualization technology has the advantage of a highly portable, high density when compared with the existing hypervisor. Container virtualization technology, however, uses a virtualization technology at the operating system level, which is shared by a single kernel to run multiple instances. For this reason, the feature of container is that the attacker can obtain the root privilege of the host operating system internal the container. Due to the characteristics of the container, the attacker can attack the root privilege of the host operating system in the container utilizing the vulnerability of the kernel. In this paper, we propose a framework for efficiently detecting and responding to root privilege attacks of a host operating system in a container. This framework uses a memory trap technique to detect changes in a specific memory area of a container and to suspend the operation of the container when it is detected.

A Study on Hybrid Image Coder Using a Reconfigurable Multiprocessor System (Study II : Parallel Algorithm Implementation

최상훈,이광기,김인,이용균,박규태,Choi, Sang-Hoon,Lee, Kwang-Kee,Kim, In,Lee, Yong-Kyun,Park, Kyu-Tae The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 1993 전자공학회논문지-B Vol.b30 No.10

Motion picture algorithms are realized on the multiprocessor system presented in the Study I. For the most efficient processing of the algorithms, pipelining and geometrical parallel processing methods are employed, and processing time, communication load and efficiency of each algorithm are compared. The performance of the implemented system is compared and analysed with reference to MPEG coding algorithm. Theoretical calculations and experimental results both shows that geometrical partitioning is a more suitable parallel processing algorithm for moving picture coding having the advantage of easy algorithm modification and expansion, and the overall efficiency is higher than pipelining.

Protective Effects of Angelica keiskei Extracts Against D-Galactosamine (GalN)-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

최상훈,박관하 한국식품위생안전성학회 2011 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Although the vegetable Angelica keiskei (AK) has widely been utilized for the purpose of general health improvement among Korean population, its functionalities are not very well defined. In this study, we examined the effects of methanol extract of AK in rats on the biochemical changes induced by two hepatotoxins, D-galactosamine (GalN) and carbon tetrachloride ( CCl₄). AK was orally administered once daily for 7 days to male rats at 200and 500 mg/kg, before hepatotoxins. Effects of AK were assessed 24 hr later. AK pretreatments at 200 and 500 mg/kg significantly blunted GalN-induced elevation in liver lipid peroxidation, plasma aspartate-transaminase (AST) and alanine-transaminase (ALT) activities. AK also prevented, after 500 mg/kg but not after 200 mg/kg, the GalN-induced elevation in triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels. Differently from against GalN-induced toxicity,AK did further elevate the CCl₄-induced rise in AST, ALT and lipid peroxidation. These results suggest that AK, when pre-administered prior to GalN, exerted protective effects against GalN-induced hepatotoxicity, in contrast however,AK exacerbated that induced by CCl₄. To explore possible mechanism for the toxicity-potentiating effects of AK on CCl₄, the activity of hepatic drug metabolism after AK treatment was assessed. It was observed that AK increased the activity of aniline hydroxaylase, a cytochrome P450 isoenzyme responsible for metabolic activation of CCl₄. This finding suggests that hepatoprotective effects of AK are not equally expected depending on hepatotoxins employed.

Korean Mistletoe Viscum album coloratum Induces Specific and Non-Specific Immune Responses in Japanese Eel Anguilla japonica

최상훈,노진구,최민순,박성우,박관하,윤종만,박경일 한국양식학회 2009 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.22 No.1

Effects of Korean mistletoe extracts (KM-110), Viscum album coloratum on the specific and non-specific immune responses of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica were examined. The optimal concentration not showing toxicity of KM-110 was determined to 30-40 μg/ml in vitro and 100 μg/100 g of fish in vivo. Even 1000 μg of KM- 110/100 g of fish did not show any clinical problem in fish though the levels of toxic parameters were slightly increased. In terms of antibody production, KM-110 significantly elicited more antibody production than FCA or β-glucan. β-glucan plus KM-110 group synergistically enhanced antibody production. There was no significant difference between KM-110 and KM-110 plus β-glucan group. The ROI production by head kidney (HK) leucocytes of eel injected with 500 or 1000 μg KM-110 was significantly (P<0.05) enhanced than the control and FCA-treated group. Maximum increase in the NBT reduction value was observed in 1000 μg KM-110 group but no significant difference was found between 500 and 1000 μg KM group. The level of serum lysozyme activity was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the 500 and 1000 μg KM-110- or FCA-treated group than in the control and 200 μg KM-110 group. The phagocytic activities of HK leucocytes isolated from eel injected with 500 and 1000 μg KM-110 were significantly (P<0.05) higher than 200 μg KM-110 and PBS-injected control group. Korean mistletoe appeared to be a good activator of the specific and non-specific immune responses of Japanese eel.