개인에 대한 순 자산세, 자본 이전세, 자본 이득세

최병렬 서울市立大學校 經商大學 稅務學科 2001 稅務學論集 Vol.14 No.2

개혁기의 러시아 시멘트산업

최병렬 한국시멘트협회 1996 시멘트 Vol.143 No.-

시멘트 교역과 신개념 미국 반덤핑법

최병렬 한국시멘트협회 1996 시멘트 Vol.142 No.-

반구대 암반사면의 안정성에 관한 연구

최병렬 충북대학교 과학교육연구소 2002 과학교육연구논총 Vol.18 No.1

The purpose of the study is to evaluate stability of rock surfaces by using the methods of rock mechanics and engineering geology, on which a negatively engraved sculpture in Bangudae is engraved. The discontinuities with more than 1.0m-long are included in the measurements of discontinuities on rock surfaces in Bangudae. The representative directions of the discontinuities are analyzed as N50E/90 (140/90), EW/78N (360/78), N18E/70NW (288/70), N22W/78SW (248/78), and N34E/70NW (304/70). A graphic method in this study is performed by using stereonet projection in order to statistically plot data directly measured from the field survey. The results indicate that one of the discontinuities, N50E/90 (140/90) with maximum continuity is distributed more than 50% of all discontinuities plotted, and that the position of the discontinuity in the stereographic projection is included in the area of toppling envelope. Therefore, the results suggest that the discontinuity has higher possibility by toppling failure, and also wedge failure along the direction of N48W is possibly generated.

소화성궤양 출혈의 내시경적 지혈술 후의 조기 재출혈에 관한 우험 인자 분석

최병렬,서영진,박순우,배정동,김호각,박정기,정의달,권중구,이창형 대한소화기내시경학회 2000 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.21 No.6

Backgrund/Aims: Rebleeding rate after initial endoscopic hemostasis in patients with ulcer hemorrhage has been reported in 20-30%, Identification of patients who are at high risk for rebleeding would be expected to improve the outcome of endoscopic hemostasis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors for early rebleeding after initial hemostasis in the view of clinical and endoscopic characteristics. Methods: We reviewed 99 patients who presented with bleeding peptie ulcers and were treated with endoscopic hemostasis including hypertonic saline injection, electrocautery and clipping. We compared the clinical variables (age, pulse rate, hemoglobin), endoscopic characteristics of ulcer (size, number, and location of ulcer, clots on the base, bleeding stigmata, size and color of exposed vessel) between the patients who bled early (n=22) and who didnt bleed (n=77) within 5 days. Results: The statistically significant correlates with early rebleeding after hemostasis were number of comorbid illness (≥2) (p=0.031), volume of transfusion (≥5 units) (p=0.001), size of ulcer (>1 cm) (p=0.038), multiple ulcers (p=O.O2O), presence of blood clots on ulcer base (p=0.012), stigmata (active bleeding and visible vessels) (p=0.010), size of exposed vessel (>1 mm) (p<0.0001). In multivariate analysis, volume of transfusion (odds ratio[OR] 14.4), size of ulcer (OR 11.7), multiple ulcers (OR 5.5) and size of exposed vessel (OR 13.2) were significant risk factors. Conclusions: The risk factors for early rebleeding after hemostasis in bleeding peptic ulcer can be predicted by clinical variables and endoscopic findings. Early identifieation of risk factors such as transfusion over 5 units, large-sized ulcer, multiple ulcers, bleeding stigmata and size of exposed vessei over 1 mm can predict the prognosis of peptic ulcer bleeding.

소련, 전력난 어떻게 해결할 것인가

최병렬 대한전기협회 1991 대한전기협회지 Vol.- No.180

시장이 본 서울 시정

최병렬 사회과학원 1995 계간 사상 Vol.27 No.-

미케니컬 페이스 실의 유활 최적설계

최병렬,이안성,최동훈,Choe, Byeong-Ryeol,Lee, An-Seong,Choe, Dong-Hun 대한기계학회 2000 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.24 No.12

A mechanical face seal is a tribo-element intended to control leakage of working fluid at the interface of a rotating shaft and its housing. Leakage of working fluid decreases drastically as the clearance between mating seal faces gets smaller. But the very small clearance may result in an increased reduction of seal life because of high wear and heat generation. Therefore, in the design of mechanical face seals a compromise between low leakage and acceptable seal life is important, ant it present a difficult and practical design problem. A fluid film or sealing dam geometry of the seal clearance affects seal lubrication performance very much, and thereby is optimization is one of the main design consideration. in this study the Reynolds equation for the sealing dam of mechanical face seals is numerically analyzed, using the Galerkin finite element method, which is readily applied to various seal geometries, to give lubrication performances, such as opening force, restoring moment, leakage, and axial and angular stiffness coefficients. Then, to improve the seal performance an optimization is performed, considering various design variables simultaneously. For the tested case the optimization ha successfully resulted in the optimal design values of outer and inner seal radii, coning, seal clearance, and balance radius while satisfying all the operation subjected constraints and design variable side-constraints, and improvements of axial and angular stiffness coefficients by 16.8% and 2.4% respectively and reduction of leakage by 38.4% have been achieved.

수도용 살충제의 아치사량이 벼멸구 (Nilaparvata lugens Stal)와 등검은황록장님노린재(Cyrtorhinus livikipennis Reuter)의 생물학적 특성에 미치는 영향

최병렬,이정운,유재기,박정규 한국응용곤충학회 1996 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.35 No.1

수도용 약제들 (BPMC, buprofezin, ethofenprox)의 아치사약량을 처리한 벼멸구와 등검은황록장님노린재의 생물학적 특성 및 약제별 선택독성을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Buprofezin의 벼멸구에 대한 반수치사약량은 0.5$\mu\textrm{g}$/g으로 가장 독성이 높았으며, 등검은황록장님노린재에 대하여서는 가장 안전한 독성을 보였다. 또한 벼멸구와 등검은황록장님노린재간의 선택독성은 Buprofezin이 2703.3으로 아주 높은 선택성을 보였다. Buprofezin을 {TEX}$LD_{10}${/TEX}, {TEX}$LD_{40}${/TEX}약량으로 처리한 벼멸구 암컷성충의 산란력 및 수명은 무처리와 비교시 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 BPMC를 {TEX}$LD_{40}${/TEX}으로 처리한 벼멸구는 총산란수가 171.5개로서 다른 약제처리보다 산란력이 낮았다. Buprofezin 및 BPMC의 {TEX}$LD_{40}${/TEX}으로 처리한 벼멸구가 낳은 알의 부화억제율은 각각 17.7, 6.8%로써 아치사약량이 증가함에 따라 난부화 억제율도 높았다. 각 약제별 아치사약량으로 처리한 벼멸구 암컷성층의 산란양상은 산란기간 후기에 산란 peak를 보인 반면, 무처리에서는 산란전기(6~9일)에 peak를 보며 BMPC와 Buprofezin은 벼멸구의 산란을 지연시킴을 추측할 수 있었다. BPMC를 {TEX}$LD_{10}${/TEX}, {TEX}$LD_{40}${/TEX}으로 처리한 등검은황록장님노린재의 수명은 각각 16.1, 15.5일로 무처리의 18.8일보다 짧았으며 Etofenprox의 경우에는 각각 18.9, 18.0일로서 무처리와 비슷한 경향을 보였으며, 또한 두약제의 아치사약량으로 처리된 노린재의 산란 억제율은 19%이상으로 현저하게 억제효과를 보였으나, Buprofezin은 수명과 산란력에 영향이 적었다. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of sublethal doses of BPMC, etofenprox,and buprofezin on N. lugens. and its predator C. lividipennis. Buprofezin was found to be the most toxic to N. lugens and the most safe to C. lividipennis among the three insecticides, based on LD50 values. Selective toxicity index calculated by dividing LDSo value of C. lividipennis by that of N. lugens indicated that buprofezin was very safe to C. lividipennis, showing selective toxicity of 2703.3. Longevity and fecundity of N. lugens treated with LDIU and LDm of buprofezin and BPMC were not significantly different with those of untreated brown planthoppers. However, egg hatchability' of N. lugens was greatly reduced when treated with LDm of buprofezin, having the highest inhibition rate of 17.7%. Hatchability of eggs from insects treated with BPMC was similar to that of control. The oviposited peak of treated hoppers appeared late as compared to the untreated which showed the peak at early part of the ovipositional period. The longevity and fecundity of C. lividipennis treated with BPMC were significantly reduced as compared with the untreated. Etofenprox also induced fecundity reduction when treated with LDlo, and LDm. However, C. lividipennis treated with sublethal doses of buprofezin showed no redution in logevity and fecundity. From these results, it may be said that buprofezin can be used to control brown planthopper without disrupting of C. lividipennis population in the rice field.

갤러킨 유한요소해석법을 이용한 미케니컬 페이스 실의 윤활성능해석

최병렬,이안성,최동훈,Choe, Byeong-Ryeol,Lee, An-Seong,Choe, Dong-Hun 대한기계학회 2001 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.25 No.6

A mechanical face seal is a tribo-element intended to control leakage of working fluid at the interface between a rotating shaft and its housing. Leakage of working fluid decreases drastically as the clearance of the mating seal faces gets smaller. But the very small seal clearance results in an increased reduction of seal life because of high wear and heat generation. Therefore, in the design of mechanical face seals a compromise between low leakage and acceptable seal life is important, and it presents a difficult and practical design problem. A fluid film or sealing dam geometry of the seal clearance affects seal lubrication performance very much, and thereby it is one of the main design considerations. In this study the Reynolds equation for the sealing dam of mechanical face seals is numerically analyzed, using the Galerkin finite element method, which is readily applied to various seal geometries. Film pressures of the sealing dam are analyzed, including the effects of the seal face coning and tilt. Then, lubrication performances of the seals, such as opening forces, restoring moments, leakage, and dynamic coefficients, are calculated, and they are compared to the results obtained by the narrow seal approximation.