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최근형,최달순,홍수명,권오경,은희수,김정한,김진효,Choi, Geun-Hyoung,Choi, Dal-Soon,Hong, Su-Myeong,Kwon, Oh-Kyoung,Eun, Hee Soo,Kim, Jung Han,Kim, Jin Hyo 한국응용생명화학회 2012 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.55 No.4
PCDD/Fs 및 DL-PCBs는 농식품 잔류 유해물질 중 높은 생물독성 및 생물농축성으로 안전성 우려가 높아 많은 연구자들이 관심을 갖는 유해물질들이다. 하지만, 대부분의 오염조사연구는 지방함유량이 높은 육류 및 수산물을 중심으로 이루어지고 있어, 다소비 농산물인 곡류를 대상으로 한 다이옥신 잔류분석 연구결과가 부족하여 식이섭취를 통한 다이옥신류 노출평가를 수행하는데 어려움이 있다. 본 논문에서는 17종의 PCDD/Fs 및 14종의 DL-PCBs에 대하여 2010년산 쌀과 2011년산 보리에 대한 잔류 분석 및 이를 통한 한국인의 일일 섭취노출량을 조사하였다. 전국 8개 도에서 채취한 36점의 백미시료와 전남 및 전북에서 채취한 7점의 보리시료에 대한 잔류분석결과 백미 중 다이옥신류의 각 도별 평균 잔류량은 2.98-4.98 pg/g w.w.이었으며, 보리의 다이옥신류 평균 잔류량은 3.00-3.24 pg/g w.w.로 확인되었다. 쌀과 보리를 통한 국민 1인당 다이옥신 섭취노출량은 1.03 pg-TEQ/day/person와 0.0534 pg-TEQ/day/person 수준이었고, 이를 한국인 평균체중 55 kg을 기준으로 환산할 경우 Lower bound 시나리오의 경우 TDI대비 0.46와 0.03%였으며, Upper bound 시나리오의 경우 5.5와 0.18%로 국내산 쌀과 보리를 통한 다이옥신류 노출기여도는 미미한 것으로 판단된다. Dioxin contamination on agroproducts is one of the most important issue in food safety. Herein, we measured concentration of 17 dioxins polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and 14 dioxin like-polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) in the main grain (rice and barley) that were produced in Korea. The 36 rice samples were collected from rice processing complex at eight provinces, and the average concentrations of each province were ranged from 2.98 pg/g wet weight (w.w) to 4.98 pg/g w.w. as total PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs. The seven barley samples were collected from Jeon-nam and Jeon-buk provinces, and their average total concentrations of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs were 3.00 pg/g w.w. and 3.24 pg/g w.w. respectively. The residual amounts and toxic equivalent (TEQ) of DL-PCBs in rice and barley were higher than PCDD/Fs. The average total TEQ of rice and barley were 0.0056 pg-TEQ/g and 0.0092 pg-TEQ/g on lower bound estimation respectively. Estimated daily intake of dioxins from rice and barley were calculated 1.03 pg-TEQ/day/person and 0.0534 pg-TEQ/day/person respectively. These were estimated 0.46% and 0.03% of Korean TDI based on 55 kg body weight.
다소비 채소작물인 시금치와 당근의 토양 중 엔도설판 흡수이행능
최근형 ( Geun-hyoung Choi ),정동규 ( Dong-kyu Jeong ),임성진 ( Sung-jin Lim ),노진호 ( Jin-ho Ro ),류송희 ( Song-hee Ryu ),박병준 ( Byung-jun Park ),문병철 ( Byung-cheol Moon ),김진효 ( Jin Hyo Kim ) 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 2017 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.60 No.4
Endosulfan은 스톡홀름협약을 통해 잔류성유기오염물질(POPs)로 지정되어 생산 및 사용이 금지되었으나, 여전히 국내 농업환경에서 검출되고 있고, 이로 인한 작물잔류는 사회적으로 큰 문제가 되고 있다. 따라서, 경작지 잔류 endosulfan으로부터 안전한 농산물을 생산하기 위한 작물흡수이행능 평가는 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 문헌조사를 통해 지금까지 보고된 endosulfan의 생물농축계수(BCF)를 조사하였고, 당근과 시금치의 BCF를 시험을 통해 검증하였다. 문헌조사결과 endosulfan의 BCF는 0.002-4.460으로 작물별, 재배지역별 차이가 크게 나타났으며, 실험을 통해 검증한 당근과 시금치의 BCF는 0.285와 0.040-0.047로 각각 나타났다. Endosulfan 중 작물에 주로 잔류하는 이성체는 endosulfan sulfate로 확인되었다. Residual endosulfan in an agricultural environment has been reported, although endosulfan was listed to persistent organic pollutants and banned. To produce the safe crop from endosulfan residue risk, the plant uptake potential of endosulfan from soil to crop should be studied. In here, the plant uptake potentials of endosulfan in various crops were surveyed and ranged from 0.002-4.460. And the bioconcentration factors (BCF) of total endosulfan in carrot and spinach were calculated from the pot experiment. The BCFs in carrot and spinach were 0.285 and 0.040-0.047 respectively. Endosulfan sulfate was contributed to over 42.8% of the crop residue as a major contributor among the three endosulfan congeners in both of carrot and spinach.
피마자유와 양명아주 추출물을 원료로 하는 유기농업자재 유효성분의 열 안정성 평가
최근형 ( Geun-hyoung Choi ),정동규 ( Dong-kyu Jeong ),진초롱 ( Cho-long Jin ),노진호 ( Jin-ho Rho ),박병준 ( Byung-jun Park ),문병철 ( Byung-cheol Moon ),김진효 ( Jin-hyo Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2017 한국환경농학회지 Vol.36 No.1
BACKGROUND: Castor oil and wormseed extract are important active ingredients for biopesticide, and ricinoleic acid in castor oil and three monoterpenes (ascaridole, carvacrol and p-cymene) in wormseed extract are known bioactive substances. However, their stabilities had not been studied, even though the stability was the core property for estimation of shelf-life of biopesticide. Aimed to investigate the thermal stabilities of the bioactive substances in castor oil and wormseed extracts. METHODS AND RESULTS: The contents of ricinoleic acid and three monoterpenes (ascaridole, carvacrol and p-cymene) were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The thermal stabilities of the bioactive substance were measured at 0℃, 23℃, 30℃, 40℃, 45℃and 54℃for 84 d. The half-lives of ricinoleic acid in biopesticides was ranged from 28.9 d to 57.8 d at 30℃, and the stability of pure castor oil were located in the range (t<sub>1/2</sub>=46.2 d for Indian product and 27.7 d for Korean product) at the same temperature. The half-lives of the total monoterpenes in biopesticides were ranged from 3.9 d to 27.7 d at 30℃. Among the monoterpenes, the stability ascaridole and p-cymene were decreased in acidic condition. All the bioactive substances showed similar stability on the different thermal conditions. CONCLUSION: The half-lives of most bioactive substance from castor oil and wormseed extracts were less than 100 d. To increase the stability of bioactive substance in biopesticide, stabilizing additives like antioxidant and oxygen remover should be considered to extend of the shelf-life.
고삼 추출물을 주성분으로 하는 유기농자재의 alkaloid계 살충성분 2종의 토양 및 수계 노출 안정성
김진효 ( Jin Hyo Kim ),최근형 ( Geun Hyoung Choi ),임성진 ( Sung Jin Lim ),박병준 ( Byung Jun Park ) 한국환경농학회 2015 한국환경농학회지 Vol.34 No.1
BACKGROUND: The stabilities of the two alkaloidal insecticides of S. flavescens including matrine and oxymatrine are important factor to establish expiry date and usage manual for crop protection. However, the environmental stability of the compounds had not been studied with the extract and its commercial biopesticide. METHODS AND RESULTS: The environmental stabilities of the two alkaloids were performed with extract of S. flavescens, and its two commercial biopesticides both in controlled aquatic and soil conditions. The half-lives of the total matrines for the extract and its two commercial biopesticides were estimated over 200 days both under aerobic and anaerobic water condition. Under dry soil condition, the initial decay rates of the matrines were calculated 0.0804-0.1275 (t1/2 5.4-8.6 days), and the half-lives under wet soil condition were calculated 33.0-231 days. Total soil bacteria on the wet soil ranged 6.0-8.0 log CFU/g-soil during the experiments period. CONCLUSION: The aquatic mixture of the extract showed excellent stability both with the extract and its biopesticides, however, the stability of soil mixture were shorter than the aquatic mixture, suggesting that soil metal consider as a catalyst for the degradation of the two alkaloids.
토양유기물 함량이 인삼근의 endosulfan 흡수이행에 미치는 영향
오경열 ( Kyeong-yeol Oh ),최근형 ( Geun-hyoung Choi ),배지연 ( Ji-yeon Bae ),이득영 ( Deuk-yeong Lee ),이성우 ( Sung-woo Lee ),김진효 ( Jin-hyo Kim ) 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 2020 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.63 No.4
본 연구에서는 경작지 포장 조사를 통한 인삼근의 endosulfan 흡수이행성(PUF)을 산출하고, 토양 유기물 함량과 endosulfan에 대한 인삼근의 PUF에 관한 상관성을 분석하였다. Endosulfan 흡수이행 시험포장의 총 endosulfan 잔류량은 0.013-0.136 mg kg-1이었다. Endosulfan에 대한 인삼근의 PUF는 0.243-1.708로 인삼근의 연령이 증가할수록 비대생장에 의한 PUF값 감소가 확인되었다. 또한, 토양 유기물 함량과 endosulfan에 대한 인삼근의 PUF값은 5% 유의수준에서 음의 상관관계가 있음을 확인하였다(R<sup>2</sup>=0.6102). 따라서, endosulfan 오염 우려지역에서의 인삼경작을 위해서는 가급적 높은 토양유기물 함량을 유지하는 것이 endosulfan의 흡수이행을 억제하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다. The plant uptake of endosulfan, a new persistent organic pollutants from soil environment was investigated on ginseng through the field survey in Korea. The endosulfan residues in soil for this survey were ranged on 0.013-0.136 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>. The plant uptake factor (PUF) for endosulfan in ginseng was 0.243-1.708 and the highest PUF was found on 3-year-old ginseng. The PUF for endosulfan decreased in the longer cultivation period and it might be caused by the dilution effect of ginseng growth. In addition, the soil organic matter (SOM) content affected on the PUF negatively and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between SOM and PUF was -0.7812 (p <0.05). Thus, higher SOM would positively affect to reduce the endosulfan residue in ginseng root.