부정사 구문의 to 의미의 인지적 분석

최경미(Choi Kyung-Mi) 한양대학교 수행인문학연구소 2010 수행인문학 Vol.40 No.2

It has been widely claimed that the infinitival to is a meaningless grammatical element (Chomsky 1981). However, I propose that the infinitival to has its own meaning and contributes to the conceptual construction where it occurs. In Cognitive Grammar, the infinitival to is characterized as a predicate profiling a complex atemporal relation (Langacker 1992:307). More specifically, the infinitival to has the same conceptual content as the verbal structure keeps all the component states in profile, but it is viewed in an atemporalized holistic construal. Furthermore, I argue that the infinitival to is a meaningful element, i.e. it can be construed as designating a relation where the trajector is led to a landmark, which is an atemporalized event. The purpose of this paper is to suggest cognitive meanings of the infinitival to under the framework of Cognitive Grammar (Langacker 1987, 1991a, b, 2000). In section 2, I will propose the base meaning of the infinitival to, explain how its base meaning is reflected on its various usages, and show how the base meaning is extended metaphorically. In section 3, I will focus on the examination of a meaningful distinction expressed by the infinitive after verbs denoting causation and perception. In section 4, I will present as part of the conclusion the semantic network in terms of the superschema of to and its subschemas.

도발적 언사 원칙(fighting words doctrine)에 대한 헌법적 고찰

최경미(Kyung-Mi Choi),지성우(Seong-woo Ji) 성균관대학교 법학연구원 2023 성균관법학 Vol.35 No.1

이 연구는 도발적 언사(fighting words)의 헌법적 의미와 판단기준에 대한 최신논의를 포함하는 내용을 담고 있다. 미국의 도발적 언사 원칙(fighting words doctrine)은 비록 축소되었다고 평가되지만 부정되지 않은 바, 각 주 법원에서는 여전히 활발히 적용되고 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히 도발적 언사 원칙(fighting words doctrine)은 미국 내에서도 혐오표현 관련 법령에 활용된 바 있으며, 최근 우리나라에서 논의의 쟁점이 된 소위 ‘경찰관에 대한 모욕죄’ 적용의 판단기준에 시사점을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 이 연구에서는 도발적 언사 원칙(fighting words doctrine)에 관한 미국의 대표 판례들을 검토하여 그 핵심적 의의를 고찰하였고, 그밖에도 미국 내의 학자들이 제시한 판단기준 및 특히 David L. Hudson, Jr.가 제시한 법원의 세부판단기준을 소개하였다. 이를 종합하였을 때, 도발적 언사 원칙(fighting words doctrine)의 판단기준은 첫째, 특정인에 대한 것이면서 전달 방식도 특정인을 향한 것, 둘째, 본질적으로 폭력적 반응을 일으킬 가능성이 있는 것(특히 인신적 욕설), 셋째, 실질적 위반 가능성이 있는 것-①물리적 근접성·보복가능성·폭력적 반응의 즉각성, ②수신자의 직업 특성, ③공격적 행위·음량·반복성·인종적 비방여부 등-을 들 수 있다. 우리나라의 모욕죄가 외부적 명예를 보호법익으로 하는 점에서 미국의 도발적 언사와는 차이가 있다. 그러나 미국의 판례에 비추어 한국에서도 경찰관은 욕설 등을 들었을 때 일반인에 비해 사회적 평가가 저하될 위험이 낮은지에 대한 재평가가 필요하다. 그리고 경찰관에 대한 모욕죄를 엄격히 적용하기 위한 세부 판단기준을 발전시키는데 있어서 도발적 언사 원칙(fighting words doctrine)에 관한 미국 판례를 참고할 필요성이 높다. This study includes the latest discussion on the constitutional meaning and criteria of fighting words. Although the fighting words doctrine in the United States is evaluated to have been reduced, it is not denied, and it can be seen that it is still actively applied in each state court. In particular, the fighting words doctrine is closely related to the criterion for judging hate speech, which has recently been actively discussed in Korea. It is expected to be used as a criterion for the application of the so-called 'Criminal Contempt against Police Officers'. In this study, representative US precedents on the fighting words doctrine were reviewed and the core significance of the case was reviewed. In addition, the judgment criteria presented by scholars in the US and especially David L. Hudson, Jr. Putting these together, the criteria for the fighting words doctrine are first, that the method of delivery is directed at a specific person, and second, there is a possibility of causing a violent reaction in nature, especially personal abusive language. Third, the possibility of actual violation - ① physical proximity·possibility of retaliation·immediacy of violent response, ② occupational characteristics of the recipient, ③ aggressive behavior·volume·repetition·racial slurs etc. Although there have been problems with the arrest of criminals in the act of contempt against police officers or the abuse of complaints in Korea since around 2014. It is different from provocative language in that the offense of insult in the Republic of Korea protects external honor as a legal interest. However, in light of the US precedent, it is necessary to reevaluate whether police officers in Korea have a lower risk of lowering their social evaluation compared to the general public when they hear abusive language. In addition, there is a high need to refer to US precedents in developing detailed criteria for strictly applying the crime of contempt against police officers.

에어로빅체조선수 활동 참여동기 및 운동지속 요인에 따른 참여만족과의 관계

최경미(Kyung Mi Choi) 한국여성체육학회 2007 한국여성체육학회지 Vol.21 No.5

This study was intended in providing the basic material which is helpful to manage and guide them by predicting what variables affect their continuing to live as players not dropping away halfway by studying their motives of participating in the sport, sport continuation factors, and satisfaction with the participation, To achieve the purpose, it selected as a population 280 players who were registered in Korean Gymnastics Association, sampled 230 in stratified cluster random sampling, and used in an actual analysis 218 among them. To measure this study questionnaire items were used. Statistical analysis was used by using 12.0 Program, the techniques of statistical analyses was Frequencies, T-test, One Way Anova, Cross tab and so on. The result of study was drawn that there wasn`t relationship between participant motivation and degree of satisfaction, but between exercise-adherence and degree of satisfaction in aerobic gymnastics athletes.

일부 초등학생에서 아토피 피부염 증상 관련요인

최경미(Choi, Kyung-Mi),김건엽(Kim, Keon-Yeop),이무식(Lee, Moo-Sik),홍지영(Hong, Jee-Young),배석환(Bae, Seok-Hwan),황혜정(Hwang, Hye-Jeong) 한국산학기술학회 2011 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구는 아토피의 증상정도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하여 초등학생들의 건강관리에 도움을 주는 기초 자료를 제시하고자 시도된 연구이다. 연구의 대상자로는 아토피 피부염의 있는 학생의 어머니 273명을 대상으로 하였고 2006년 11월 한 달 간 조사하였다. 연구결과는 연령이 증가할수록 아토피 피부염의 중증도가 높았다(p<0.05). 유병 기간이 길수록(p<0.01), 전신에 아토피 증상을 보일수록 중증도가 심했고(p<0.01), 식생활 습관에 있어서는 육식을 많이 할수록 피부염의 증상이 심했으며(p<0.05), 패스트푸드를 자주 섭취할수록 증상이 심해졌다(p<0.05). 아토피성 피부염의 증상정도를 종속변수로 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 유병기간이 길수록, 패스트푸드 섭취가 잦을수록 아토피 피부염의 증상이 심하였다. 아토피 피부염의 증상이 심할수록 치료를 위한 어머니의 노력정도나 아토피 피부염으로 인해 자녀가 긁기 증상을 보일 때의 애정도, 월평균 관리비용, 부모정서 및 학생의 신체건강·정서·교우관계에 미치는 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 아토피 피부염의 증상악화를 예방하기 위해서는 육식 위주의 식생활 습관의 교정과 패스트푸드 섭취 제한 등 올바른 식생활 습관을 형성하기 위한 교육을 실시하고 또한 아토피 피부염은 가족 전체의 문제로 인식하여 어머니를 포함한 가족 모두를 대상으로 건강관리가 이루어져야 한다. This study was conducted to provide the basic data for the health management of the primary school, by finding and analyzing the factors affecting the degrees of atopic dermatitis symptom's severeness. The subjects of our study were collected 273 pupils mothers, whose children are undergoing through the atopic symptoms. The investigation process took the entire month of the November in 2006. The result of the older the pupils, the severer their symptoms(p<0.05). The longer the period(p<0.01), the more widely spread over the body, and the severer the symptoms(p<0.01). In the dietary habit, the more meat they eat, the severer the symptom(p<0.05). and in relation to the eating the food outside home, the more frequently they eat the fast-food, the severer the symptom. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, using the degrees of atopic dermatitis symptom's severeness as the dependent variables. it is discovered that the longer infection period they have and the more frequently they have the fast-food, the severer the symptom of the atopic dermatitis. The parent's love for the child, the monthly cost for the management of the infection, and the parent's feeling toward the child, can have a greate influence on the physical health, the feelings and the relation with the friends of the infected child, when the child shows the symptoms of scratching his skin. The conclusions of When all the results above are put together, the dietary habit of eating the meals mostly prepared with the meat should be corrected, and the education to form the pupil's right dietary habit, such as, putting the limit on the fast-food, must be made, in order to prevent the symptom of the atopic dermatitis from getting worse. And by the recognizing the atopic dermatitis as the family health problem, the comprehensive family health management, including the mother should be made.

최신임상강좌 : 21번 삼염색체증 (다운증후군) 양수유래 줄기세포의 특성

최경미 ( Kyung Mi Choi ),임은혜 ( Eun Hye Im ),조정아 ( Jung Ah Cho ),이세진 ( Se Jin Lee ),박호 ( Ho Park ),신봉식 ( Bong Shik Shin ),이정훈 ( Jung Hun Lee ),최중섭 ( Joong Sub Choi ),이교원 ( Kyo Won Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2010 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.53 No.9

Objective: To assess molecular markers of amniotic fluid derived stem cells (AFSCs) in aspects of increased neurological deficit in Down syndrome. Methods: Amniotic fluid samples through amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis from four mid trimester pregnancies; by routine chromosomal analysis, two of them were trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) and others were normal, were selected after informed consent. Cells from twostage culture protocol were assayed; morphology through phase contrast microscopy, chromosomal analysis, reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Results: AFSCs were highly proliferative in subcultures and most of them were mononuclear, fibroblast-like, fusiform cells. There were also a few ovoid cells. The chromosomal analysis of amniotic fluid stem cells was identical to that of amniotic fluid cells. Two of four samples were 47,XX,+21, others were 46,XX. Of the proteins related to Down syndrome, the expression of S100β were increased in AFSCs of Down syndrome, COL6A1 (Collagen IV, alpha 1) was down-regulated in them and insulin like growth factor binding protein-1 was expressed in all AFSCs. Stem cell markers were expressed heterogeneously. Oct4 (POU5F1), nanog, and SOX2 (sex determining region Y) were expressed in both groups. But c-Kit was not expressed in AFSCs of Down syndrome. The neural cell marker, neuron specific enolase was detected in both groups. Other neural cell markers, microtubule associated protein 2, glial fibrillary acidic protein were undetectable in ASFCs of Down syndrome. Bcl-2 gene family proteins related with apoptosis were assayed. The expression of Bcl-XL was increased in Down syndrome more than in normal pregnancy. Bcl-2 and BID were expressed in all AFSCs and Bax was down-regulated in Down syndrome. Conclusion: AFSCs are an excellent choice for many future tissue engineering strategies and cell based therapies. Analysis of molecular features of AFSCs from normal and Down syndrome will provide the basis of further experimental study.

동적 경로 선정을 위한 효율적인 탐색 기법

최경미(Kyung-Mi Choi),박화진(Hwajin Park),박영호(Young-Ho Park) 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2012 한국디지털콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.13 No.3

미디어 플랫폼 시대의 방송법 이념에 대한 헌법 연구 - 영국 Small Screen: Big Debate를 중심으로 -

최경미 ( Choi Kyung Mi ),지성우 ( Ji Seong Woo ) 단국대학교 법학연구소 2021 법학논총 Vol.45 No.4

In the convergence of broadcasting, communication, and the Internet, media usage patterns are being diversified, individualized, and distributed in the form of platforms. On the other hand, the current 「Broadcasting Act」 is insufficient to cover and regulate the new media platform environment. The Korea Communications Commission is foretelling the enactment of the 「(tentative name) Audiovisual Media Service Act」 as an integrated law that can cover both OTT and pay broadcasting platforms. In this regard, the need for research on the ideology of the 「Broadcasting Act」is not only an opportunity to improve the ambiguity of the ideology according to the aforementioned 「Broadcasting Act」, but also because it is necessary to discover a new ideology suitable for the changing media platform environment. In the meantime, there has been a clear tendency to avoid applying the cultural state principle to broadcasting in constitutional studies. This is because, although it is true that broadcasting belongs to culture, there is an obvious limitation that the risk of broadcasting under national control increases when the constitutional cultural state principle is applied to broadcasting. Therefore, it is clear that the most important ideology in the constitution regarding broadcasting is freedom and independence of broadcasting based on democracy. However, considering that the concept of ‘broadcasting’ has expanded to a comprehensive range of ‘media’ with the advent of the media platform era, it is impossible to exclude discussions about broadcasting as a culture in the context of the continuous growth of Hallyu through various media platforms. In other words, I fully agree that the role of the state, which is close to guardianship, should be guarded against in the media, but I think that intervention is possible according to the cultural state principle when state support is needed in the media as culture. For this purpose, in this paper, not only the constitutional freedom of broadcasting, but also the relationship between the cultural state principle and broadcasting were mentioned. On the other hand, as media use is personalized and decentralized, discussions about the meaning and necessity of public broadcasting are emerging as important issues. In particular, the UK is leading this discussion through ‘Small Screen: Big Debate’. Public broadcasting needs to fulfill its function of ‘social integration’ based on high institutional trust. Therefore, in the new 「(tentative name) Audiovisual Media Service Act」, the ideology regarding the social integration role of public broadcasting should be included. Second, The idea of universal reach should be defined more actively. This is because, in the media platform era, it is difficult for public broadcasting to be universally delivered unless efforts are made to actively expose public broadcasting. Since public broadcasting cannot be said to fulfill its responsibilities by staying in the same way as it was in the past, the concept of universal viewing rights in Article 76 of the 「Broadcasting Act」 needs to be expanded and revised into an active ideology and duty. Lastly, in the media platform era, it is difficult to secure the sustainability of public broadcasting, which is in competition with private media companies with huge capital. Therefore, in the new 「(tentative name) Audiovisual Media Service Act」, ‘sustainability’ of public broadcasting should be established as one of the important ideologies and there should be an explicit provision on securing finance, which is essential for securing sustainability of public broadcasting.

Laparoscopic ureteroureteral anastomosis for distal ureteral injuries during gynecological Laparoscopic surgery(초)

최경미 ( Kyung Mi Choi ),( Seung Wook Jeon ),( Chang Eop Son ),( Jung Hun Lee ),( Kyo Won Lee ),( Joong Sub Choi ) 대한산부인과학회 2009 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.95 No.-

감성 정보통신 기술 동향 분석

최경미 ( Kyung-mi Choi ),박영호 ( Young-ho Park ) 한국정보처리학회 2011 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.18 No.1

최근, 현대인들은 뛰어난 성능과 품질을 넘어서 자신의 감성을 만족시켜주는 제품, 서비스를 원하고 있다. 감성 Information & Communication Technology(ICT)는 정보 통신 기술을 기반으로 인간의 감성을 자동 인지하고 사용자의 감성과 상황정보를 처리하여 상황에 맞게 적용하는 기술을 말한다. 즉, 인간의 감성을 센싱해 이를 데이터화하고 다양한 IT 기기에 활용하는 것을 말한다. 미래에 다가올 감성 ICT 기술은 단순히 사용자의 감성을 자극하는 정도를 뛰어넘어 사용자와 기기가 서로 교감하는 형태로 나아갈 것이다. 본 논문에서는 감성 ICT 의 기술 동향을 분석하고 향후 방향성을 모색 하고자 한다.

금속공예의 회화적 표현연구

최경미(Choi, Kyung-mi) 한국조형디자인학회 2021 조형디자인연구 Vol.24 No.4

1960년대 이후 나타난 공예의 순수미술 지향적인 움직임은 현대공예작가들에게 자유로운 조형세계를 표현할 수 있는 기회를 부여하였으며, 다양한 관점에서 새로운 표현연구와 작가만의 고유한 조형언어를 창조하는 계기가 되었다. 이와 함께 순수미술은 공예의 재료와 요소를 받아들이고, 공예는 순수미술의 개념을 받아들이는 등 예술장르간의 상호영향을 주고받게 되었다. 그 결과 공예는 다양한 관점에서 지속적으로 변화하고 있으며, 새로운 조형적 언어를 통해 보여주며 그 표현 영역이 계속해서 확장되어가고 있다. 본 논문은 금속공예의 새로운 조형적 표현특징 중 회화적 표현에 관한 금속조형연구이다. 과거로부터 전형적으로 여겨왔던 공예의 도구로써의 실용적 목적이 아닌 일상생활 공간에서의 미적감상목적을 지향하고자 하는 의도와 함께 금속공예의 회화적 표현이 지닌 조형적 특징에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 이를 통해 현대공예의 가치와 의미에 대해 고찰하는 기회를 갖으며, 금속공예의 새로운 조형가능성과 표현영역을 넓히는 것에 연구목적을 가진다. The fine art-oriented movement of crafts since the 1960s has offered modern craft artists an opportunity to express the liberal formative arts and expanded the realm of crafts by creating a new study on expression and formative languages from various perspectives. Accordingly, fine art appreciated the materials and elements of crafts, and crafts exchanged mutual influences between art genres by receiving the concept of fine art. Crafts are constantly changing from various point of view using new formative languages, and their areas of expression continue to widen. This thesis is a study on a pictorial representation of metal crafts among new characteristics of formative expression that appear in crafts. I would like to learn about the formative characteristics of the pictorial expression of metal crafts along with the goal of aiming for aesthetic appreciation in everyday life space, not as a practical purpose as a tool for crafts that have been typically considered in the past. This study gives an opportunity to consider changes in the value and meaning of contemporary crafts according to the flow of social and cultural changes, and aims to broaden the realm of new formability and expression of metal crafts.