“감각적 동정심”으로 『주홍글자』의 딤즈데일 다시 보기

천연희 ( Cheon Yeonhee ) 대한영어영문학회 2013 영어영문학연구 Vol.39 No.2

Dimmesdale of The Scarlet Letter is given both wonderful qualities and tragic flaws as a tragic hero. In the beginning, he fails to enact Hawthorne's ideal man as a lover, father and minister as he shows a lack of sympathy toward his loved ones, Hester, Pearl and the congregation. His own self-centered egoism, fears of shame, angst toward death are stronger and more prominent than his sympathy for others. With self-directed pity, he grieves more for himself than for others. But gradually Dimmesdale becomes sympathetic through the agony, grief and sorrow of Pearl as he undergoes a process of “mere sensuous sympathy” toward others, especially his daughter Pearl. Pearl plays a key role for Dimmesdale to be humanized, in the sense that his humanization is deeply related with his affectionate, paternal touch with Pearl and experiences in such a quasi-familial relationship. Eventually, Dimmesdale becomes imbued with self-confidence and moral strength to confess his adulterous sin, while he stands on the scaffold for the last time to meet triumphant cathartic death. Through Dimmesdale's story of emotional transformation in The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne affirms that being in a community through sympathy entails hopes of humanization and human optimism. (Howon University)

강경애와 에디스 워튼의 상사관계

천연희 ( Yeonhee Cheon ) 대한영어영문학회 1998 영어영문학연구 Vol.24 No.3

It is my firm belief that in many cases literature has common consciousness beyond all different circumstances. Along with the reconsideration of the literary cannon and the rise of global perspectives in literary studies, the current trend in comparative literature has come to embrace a greater variety of literature beyond the barrier of East and west. American author, Edith Wharton (1862-1937) and Korean author, Kyung ae Kang (1907-1943) share something in common many aspects, especially in the creed for women disregard of race, milieu and time. Both of them suffered from the orphancy in their childhood and severe depression in their marriage lives, which gave them strong energy to read and write, that is to indulge themselves in the world of letters. They had not been adequately evaluated until 1970s owing to the prejudice and preconception of the scholars. However since 1970s, they have been praised as good authors with clear and lucid writing style, gift for characterization and plot structure. Both authors' most consistent concern was the plight of women in various situations; in Wharton's world, frequently upper class women, brilliant, sensitive, honorable, but largely powerless under male-dominated society, and in Kang's world, lower class women such as prostitutes, factory workers, who, despite their strong will of life fail to survive under the Confucian patriarchal society and Japanese colonialism. In most cases, the endings of these two writers' novels are tragic in the sense of the psychological and sociological realism. But the women characters in their novels represent self consciousness in the development of their freedom, responsibility, challenge, love, creative power and understanding for other people. I believe that Edith Wharton and Kyungae Kang explored the aspirations and deprivations of women in a male-dominated society and made a basis for women literature against the men-centered literature in the early era of modern American and Korean literature. Edith Wharton, American author and Kynug Ae Kang, Korean author are worth calling "prominent writers" who have finally achieved the position that has always been available to their male counterparts. And their continual searches for "Who Am I?" in their works show that a fulfilled life for a woman was very hard in the culture of their worlds.

에디스 워튼의 『연락의 집』과 『강경애』의 어머니와 딸의 비교연구 -한국적 ‘한’의 ‘삭임’을 중심으로

천연희 ( Yeonhee Cheon ) 대한영어영문학회 2000 영어영문학연구 Vol.26 No.2

본 논문에서 필자는 에디스 워튼과 한국의 여류작가 강경애를 그들의 작품 연락의 집과 어머니와 딸을 중심으로 에이 오우엔 알드리지의 parallel literary study의 방법으로 비교 분석하였다. 두 작가는 비록 문화적, 역사적 배경 면에서는 유사점을 찾기 힘들지만 이들의 유년시절, 결혼생활, 그리고 문학관 등에서 많은 유사점을 찾을 수 있으며 특히 이들의 소설 대부분에서는 남성편향적인 사회구조 속에서 살아가기 위해 분투하는 여성들의 현실과 고뇌와 분노가 다루어지고 있다. 본 논문에서 다루어지고 있는 두 작품의 여주인공들인 옥이와 릴리를 비교 하면서 이들의 삶에서 한국적 한의 속성인 삭임이 어떻게 나타나고 있는가를 살펴보았다. 삭임은 원망, 슬픔, 탄식과 같은 한의 부정적인 속성에서 출발하지만 끊임없는 자기성찰과 인내의 과정을 거치면서 내면의 힘을 키우게 되고 점차로 화해와 재생을 이루어 가게되는 과정을 말한다. 옥이는 슬픔과 고통 그리고 분노를 삭임의 과정을 통하여 독립된 자아를 찾는 데 성공하고 있으며 반면에 릴리는 자신의 굴절된 삶을 벗어나는 방법으로 자기 성찰이라는 내면적 힘을 키우기보다는 외부적인 환경 변화를 찾아 방황하다 결국 자포자기의 절망상태에서 죽음을 택하게 된다. 두 작품에서 에디스 워튼과 강 경애는 자아에 대한 개인적 성찰, 즉 삭임은 여성의 정체성 찾기 라는 보편적 문제를 해결하는 한 창조적인 탐색이 될 것임을 제시하고 있다.

강경애의 『어머니와 딸』과 에디스 워튼의 『연락(宴樂)의 집』에 나타난 어머니의 유산 : “삭임”과 허영의 문제를 중심으로

천연희(Cheon Yeonhee) 신영어영문학회 2003 신영어영문학 Vol.24 No.-

This article is a pragmatic application of the theory of literary parallelism in the comparison of Kang Kyungae and Edith Wharton though their lives and their novels, Mother and Daughter and The House of Mirth. This study is fundamentally motivated by two principal objectives; to discover the similarities of the two writers lives beyond the nation and race and to discover the differences of the Mothers' legacies in two novels. These two writers don't share much similarity in their cultural and historical background but their works present a basis for comparative literature in the sense that they have very important commonalities in their lives (childhood, marriage and literature) and backgrounds in their novels showing women's reality, agony, anger and the process of their survival in the male-dominated social structure with realism. The central issue in Both Kang's Mother and Daughter and Wharton's The House of Mirth is the "Woman Question". Both Oki and Lily, the heroines of the novels experience the courses of dissatisfaction and rebellion but Oki arrives in the terminal of rebirth through the long process of self-identification and self-cultivation while Lily chases money and power using her beauty and youth till she finally arrives in the place of eternal peace and death. Oki, the heroine of Mother and Daughter has a positive legacy of sagim (self-cultivation) from her two mothers (biological mother and Mother in Law). Sagim' of Korean 'Han' starts from negative emotions such as anger, anguish, despair, setback, refinement, and sorrow until it finally arrives in positive emotions such as forgiveness, love, generosity, reconciliation, etc through continual inner reflection and continual endurance and struggle to purchase their own power. Through the long journey of 'sagim' Oki finally achieve the power and wisdom to stand up for herself and go forward with a positive and progressive life. From this journey she can clearly recognize her true selfhood and reality around her. On the contrary to Oki, Lily, the heroine of The House of Mirth has a negative legacy of vanity from her mother Mrs. Bart. Mrs. Bart' goal of life was to gain money and power from men by using her daughter's beauty and youth. She also wanted to pass her philosophy or legacy to her daughter Lily. Lily also wants to revive herself in the lofty world by outwardly begging support from other persons (other men). She moves to find her true identity through the emotional process of rebellion, renunciation, and isolation, but she fails to look inward to develop her independent strength. Both Edith Wharton and Kyungae Kang desire women to stand firmly on the base of their own independent strength through sincere inner reflection of themselves. Both writers encourage women who are suffering from anger and scars not to abandon themselves even though reality is tough and cruel, but to gain the strength of their own accomplishments and be reborn by reflections and cultivation on themselves.

The Characteristics of `Sagim`(삭임) of Korean `Han`(한, 恨)

Yeonhee Cheon(천연희) 전북대학교 국제문화교류연구소 2013 전북대학교 국제문화교류연구소 심포지움 Vol.2013 No.12

채만식의 『탁류』와 월라 카터의 『나의 안토니아』연구-지역정서가 여성인물의 페르조나에 미치는 영향을 중심으로

천연희 ( Cheon Yeonhee ) 대한영어영문학회 2005 영어영문학연구 Vol.31 No.2

This article is a pragmatic application of the theory of parallel literary criticism in a comparative study of Chae Man-sik and Willa Cather focusing on their novels, Takryu(The Muddy Stream) and My Antonia. Both writers emphasize the crucial effects of regionalism on people’s personas, Chae depicts the destructive power of colonized capitalism through the persona of Chobong of “violent weakness”, Willa Cather, the fruits of bold frontier spirits through the persona of Antonia of “fatal boldness”. In the process of analyzing the notion of “orphancy” will be mentioned. (Howon University)

강경애의 『어머니와 딸』과 에디스 워튼의 『연락의 집』에 나타난 여성의 분노에 관한 연구

천연희(Yeonhee Cheon) 한국동서비교문학학회 1999 동서 비교문학저널 Vol.2 No.-

강경애와 에디스 워튼의 상사관계(相似關係)

천연희 세계문학비교학회 2000 世界文學比較硏究 Vol.3 No.-

It is my firm belief that in many cases literature has common consciousness beyond all different circumstances. Along with the reconsideration of the literary cannon and the rise of global perspectives in literary studies, the current trend in comparative literature has come to embrace a greater variety of literature beyond the barrier of East and west. American author, Edith Wharton (1862-1937) and Korean author, Kyung ae Kang (1907- 1943) share something in common many aspects, especially in the creed for women disregard of race, milieu and time. Both of them suffered from the orphancy in their childhood and severe depression in their marriage lives, which gave them strong energy to read and write, that is to indulge themselves in the world of letters. They had not been adequately evaluated until 1970s owing to the prejudice and preconception of the scholars. However since 1970s, they have been praised as good authors with clear and lucid writing style, gift for characterization and plot structure. Both authors' most consistent concern was the plight of women in various situations; in Wharton's world, frequently upper class women, brilliant, sensitive, honorable, but largely powerless under male-dominated society, and in Kang's world, lower class women such as prostitutes, factory workers, who, despite their strong will of life fail to survive under the Confucian patriarchal society and Japanese colonialism. In most cases, the endings of these two writers' novels are tragic in the sense of the psychological and sociological realism. But the women characters in their novels represent self consciousness in the development of their freedom, responsibility, challenge, love, creative power and understanding for other people. I believe that Edith Wharton and Kyungae Kang explored the aspirations and deprivations of women in a male-dominated society and made a basis for women literature against the men-centered literature in the early era of modern American and Korean literature. Edith Wharton, American author and Kynug Ae Kang, Korean author are worth calling "prominent writers" who have finally achieved the position that has always been available to their male counterparts. And their continual searches for "Who Am I?" in their works show that a fulfilled life for a woman was very hard in the culture of their worlds.