ADP에 의해서 활성화된 인혈관세포의 Prothrombin과 골타액단백 부착에 관여하는 Integrin avβ3, avβ5, a5β1의 특성

주승재,최휘,김성만,차태준,이재우 고신대학교 의학부 2003 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.18 No.1

Background : One of the most important features of integrins is that they exist in active and inactive states. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), which is usually secreted from activated platelets, may activate integrins on vascular on vascular cells. Each integrin has its own activation-dependent ligands that have much higher affinity to active form than inactive one. Integrins that might mediate adhesion of human vascular cells to prothrombin(PT) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) after ADP stimulation were investigated. Methods : PT and BSP were used as activation-dependent ligands in adhesion assay. Adhesions of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) were measured after stimulating with 100 μM of ADP, using ligand-coated 24-well plate and Fluorescence Multi-Well Plate Reader. Results : ADP activated HUVEC and HASMC to increase adhesions to PT and BSP in a dose-dependent manner. Adhesions of ADP-stimulated HUVEC to PT and BSP were almost completely inhibited by c7E3, a blocking monoclonal Ab to integrin β₃(96% and 92% inhibition, respectively), but not by P5H9, a blocking monoclonal Ab to integrin α_vβ_5. Adhesion of ADP-stimulated HASMC to PT was completely blocked by P5H9 (92% inhibition), but was not affected by c7E3. Adhesion of ADP-stimulated HASMC to BSP was partially inhibited either by P5H9 (46% inhibition) or by JBS5, a blocking monoclonal Ab to integrin inhibition), but was not affected by c7E3. However, it was completely blocked by cRGD (93% inhibition). Conclusion : These results indicate that the adhesion of ADP-stimulated HUVEC to PT or BSP was mediated by integrin α_vβ₃ and several integrins appeared to be involved in the adhesion of ADP-stimulated HASMC. While the adhesion of HASMC to PT was mediated by integrin α_vβ_5, the adhesion to BSP was associated with integrins α_vβ_5 and α_5β₁.

Beta-blocker therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction: not all patients need it

주승재 대한중환자의학회 2023 Acute and Critical Care Vol.38 No.3

Most of the evidences for beneficial effects of beta-blockers in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were from the clinical studies published in the pre-reperfusion era when anti-platelet drugs, statins or inhibitors of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system which are known to reduce cardiovascular mortality of patients with AMI were not introduced. In the reperfusion era, beta-blockers’ benefit has not been clearly shown except in patients with reduced ejection fraction (EF; ≤40%). In the era of the early reperfusion therapy for AMI, a number of patients with mildly reduced EF (>40%, <50%) or preserved EF (≥50%) become increasing. However, because no randomized clinical trials are available until now, the benefit and the optimal duration of oral treatment with beta-blockers in patients with mildly reduced or preserved EF are questionable. Registry data have not showed the association of oral beta-blocker therapy with decreased mortality in survivors without heart failure or left ventricular systolic dysfunction after AMI. In the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institute of Health of in-hospital survivors after AMI, the benefit of beta-blocker therapy at discharge was shown in patients with reduced or mildly reduced EF, but not in those with preserved EF, which provides new information about beta-blocker therapy in patients without reduced EF. However, clinical practice can be changed when the results of appropriate randomized clinical trials are available. Ongoing clinical trials may help to answer the unresolved issues of beta-blocker therapy in patients with AMI.

고콜레스테롤혈증 환자에서 활성화된 혈소판 Glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa의 증가

주승재,이재우,박양생 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.12

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Statins Beyond Cholesterol Lowering

주승재 대한심장학회 2012 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.42 No.9

심질환 환자에서 오메가-3 지방산, 비타민, 킬레이션 요법의 효과

주승재,Joo, Seung-Jae 제주대학교 의과학연구소 2021 The Journal of Medicine and Life Science Vol.18 No.1

Omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) may be beneficial for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events (CVEs), especially in patients with myocardial infarction or heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. For this purpose, one to two seafood meals per week is preferentially recommended. Omega-3 fatty acids with a high-dose EPA formula (4 g/day) may be more effective than EPA+DHA mixed supplements for the secondary prevention of CVE. Krill oil also contains omega-3 fatty acids, but at a much lower dose compared to fish oil. Supplemental vitamins and minerals have not shown the preventive effects on CVE in prospective, and randomized clinical trials, except for one Chinese study showing the stroke prevention effects of folic acid. The clinical benefit of chelation therapy in reducing CVEs is uncertain.

『세종실록』을 통해 본 고려인삼

주승재,Joo, Seungjae 고려인삼학회 2021 인삼문화 Vol.3 No.-

고려인삼은 대한민국의 대표적 특산 약용작물로 오래전부터 중국·일본을 비롯한 동아시아 교역에서 대표적인 품목이었다. 조선의 인삼 교역은 국가가 전적으로 통제한 공무역이었으므로 『조선왕조실록』은 조선의 삼업 역사를 조명할 수 있는 귀중한 자료이다. 역대 실록 중 인삼이 월등히 많이 쓰인 『세종실록』을 통하여 15세기 당시 고려인삼의 교역이 어떤 용도와 규모로 이루어졌는지 알아보고 『세종실록』 지리지에 기재된 당시 인삼의 자생지를 찾아 그 분포를 지도상에 표시해 보았다. 세종 재위 기간(1418~1450) 인삼을 중국에 진헌품으로 보낸 횟수는 101회, 규모는 11,000근(7,060.9kg1))으로 압도적인 교역량을 자랑하며, 일본과 유구국에도 예물 및 답례품으로 보냈으나 명 교역의 3분의 1이 안되었고 기타 외국 사절과 신하에게 하사하거나 유학생의 여비로 쓰이기도 했다. 재위 연도별로 보면, 중기 이후에 점차 줄어드는 경향을 보이는데 이는 채삼량 감소가 주된 원인으로 보인다. 『세종실록』 지리지에 기재된 당시 고려인삼의 자생지는 공물(土貢) 항목에 기록된 12곳-지금의 경북 영덕군, 영주시, 청송군/경남 울산시 울주군/전북 정읍시, 완주군, 장수군/전남 화순군/황북 곡산군·신평군/평북 정주시 일대, 태천군/자강도 자성군·중강군-과 약재(藥材) 항목에 기록된 산지 101곳 등 총 113개 지역으로, 도서지방을 제외한 조선 8도 전역에 걸쳐있었는데 모두 산을 끼고 분포하고 있었다. 또한, 현재 인삼재배지와 비교해 본 결과, 대체로 자생지와 일치하거나 인접한 지역이었다. 야생삼이 많이 나던 세종 재위 초(1432년)에 편찬된 『세종실록』 지리지의 이와 같은 기록들은 향후 한반도 인삼, 특히 산양삼 재배의 가능성을 보여주는 자료이다. 온난화로 인하여 인삼 재배지가 점차 북쪽으로 이동하는 이때, 역사 기록에 나타나는 북한의 자생지는 산양삼 재배의 좋은 후보지가 될 수 있을 것이다. Korean ginseng is the one of the most famous medicinal herbs globally and has long been a representative item of East Asian trade, including across China and Japan. Since Joseon (1392-1910) ginseng trade was entirely controlled by the state, The Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty are a valuable resource that can shed light on the history of the ginseng industry at that time. By studying the subsection "The Veritable Records of King Sejong" (世宗實錄), when ginseng was used even more widely, we assess the purpose and scale of its trade in the 15th century, identify its original listing in the geographical appendix, develop a distribution map, and explore similarities to current ginseng cultivation areas. During the reign of King Sejong (1418-1450), ginseng was sent to China as a tribute 101 times, with a combined weight of 7,060 kilograms, with less than one-third of that amount given to Japan and Okinawa. It was used to cover the travel expenses of foreign envoys and servants, but this can be seen to gradually decrease after the regnal mid-term, primarily due to a decrease in the amount of ginseng being collected. At the time, there were 113 areas of naturally growing ginseng as listed in the records' geographical appendix, including 12 recorded in the 'tributes' category: Yeongdeok-gun, Yeongju, and Cheongsong-gun in Gyeongsangbuk-do; Ulju-gun and Ulsan in Gyeongsangnam-do; Jeongeup, Wanju-gun, and Jangsu-gun in Jeollabuk-do; Hwasun-gun in Jeollanam-do; Goksan-gun and Sinpyeong-gun in Hwanghaebuk-do; Jeongju and Taecheon-gun in Pyeonganbuk-do; and Jaseong-gun and Junggang-gun in Jagang-do. A total of 101 places are recorded in the 'medicinal herbs' category, located throughout the mountains of the eight Joseon provinces, except the islands. In comparison with current ginseng cultivation sites, many of these historical areas are either consistent with or adjacent to contemporary locations. The geographical appendix to "The Veritable Records of King Sejong" was compiled in the early days of the king's reign (1432) when there was a lot of wild ginseng. The appendix is a valuable resource that indicates the possibility of growing ginseng on the Korean Peninsula in the future. The apparently natural habitats in the south, where ginseng is not currently cultivated, could be candidates for the future. Moreover, areas in the north where ginseng has not been grown, except Kaesǒng, could be a good alternative under sustainable inter-Korean exchange should cultivation sites move north due to climate warming.

An Assay of Measuring Platelet Reactivity Using Monoclonal Antibody against Activated Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in Patients Taking Clopidogrel

주승재,최준혁,김송이,김기석,김영리,강성하 대한심장학회 2015 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.45 No.5

Background and Objectives: Residual platelet reactivity in patients who are taking clopidogrel is commonly measured with VerifyNow assay, which is based on the principle of light transmission aggregometry. However, to evaluate the residual platelet reactivity, it would be more accurate if the reactivity of platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa is directly monitored. In this study, PAC1, a monoclonal antibody against activated platelet GP IIb/IIIa, was used to measure the residual platelet reactivity. Subjects and Methods: Twenty seven patients with coronary artery disease taking clopidogrel were enrolled. Platelets in whole blood were stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated PAC1. Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) and % positive platelets (PP) were measured with flow cytometry, and the binding index (BI; MFI x %PP/100) was calculated. P2Y12 reaction unit (PRU) and % inhibition of VerifyNow assay were also measured in the usual manner. Results: PRU of VerifyNow assay correlated significantly with MFI, %PP, and BI at 10 μM (r=0.59, 0.73, and 0.60, respectively, all p<0.005) and 20 μM of adenosine diphosphate (ADP; r=0.61, 0.75, and 0.63, respectively, all p<0.005). The % inhibition also correlated significantly with MFI, %PP, and BI at 10 μM (r=-0.60, -0.69, and -0.59, respectively, all p<0.005) and 20 μM of ADP (r=-0.63, -0.71, and -0.62, respectively, all p<0.005). Conclusion: Direct measurements of the reactivity of platelet GP IIb/IIIa were feasible using PAC1 and flow cytometry in patients taking clopidogrel. Further clinical studies are required to determine the cut-off values which would define high residual platelet reactivity in patients on this treatment protocol.

북한의 인삼 산업 현황과 연구 동향

주승재 고려인삼학회 2024 인삼문화 Vol.6 No.1

인삼은 우리나라를 대표하는 약용작물로 남한뿐만 아니라 북한에서도 매우중요하게 취급되고 있다. 그러나 북한에 대한 정보 접근이 어렵기 때문에 실제 북한에서 인삼의 재배, 연구와 개발 동향, 관련 산업 현황에 대해서는 잘 알려지지않고 있다. 본 논문에서는 비록 제한적이긴 하나 구할 수 있는 서지 자료를 통해북한에서의 인삼 산업 현황과 연구 동향을 파악하고자 하였다. 북한약전에는 인삼이 “고려인삼”으로 수재되어 있으며 ‘개성지방에서 재배한 6 년생 인삼의 뿌리’로 정의하고 있다. 또한 북한약전에는 22종의 인삼제제가 수재되어 있다. 북한에서는 필수약품(2002) 중 건위소화약, 지사약, 보약 등 10개 약품에 인삼이 들어가고, 그 외에도 다양한 건강보조식품과 화장품, 치약 등이 개발되어 유통·판매되고 있다. 2014년 이후 북한에서 인삼 산업과 연구가 전반적으로 활발해지고 있다. 이때개성의 인삼재배지역을 대폭 확장하고 설비를 보수하였다. 2016년, 개성고려인삼가공공장을 무균화, 현대화, 무진화된 설비로 정비하여 가동 중이라고 한다. 2017년 이후 품질관리 연구에 관심을 돌려 2019년 품질관리규정과 인증제를 도입하기에 이르렀다. 1990년대에 인삼 제품개발 연구가 많았고 2000년부터 인삼의 약리작용 및 치료·임상연구에 대한 연구가 보고되었다. 또한, 수확량을 높이기 위한 인삼재배와 인삼가공업 관련 연구가 중시되고 있다. 인삼은 우리나라를 대표하는 약용작물이라는 점, 남과 북이 모두 중요시하고있다는 점, 남과 북이 상호 협력하면 큰 시너지 효과를 얻을 수 있다는 점에서 남북 교류협력에 있어서 매우 적합한 소재이다. Ginseng, a representative medicinal plant of South Korea, is also highly valued in North Korea. However, due to limited access to information about North Korea, the actual cultivation, research and development trends, and related industry status of ginseng in North Korea are not well known. In this study, we aimed to understand the current status and research trends of the ginseng industry in North Korea based on limited available literature. In the North Korean pharmacopoeia, ginseng is referred to as “Koryo ginseng” and is defined as the roots of 6-year-old ginseng cultivated in the Kaesong region. The pharmacopoeia includes 22 types of ginseng preparations. In addition, 10 ginseng preparations are included in North Korea’s Essential Drug List, and various health supplements, cosmetics, and toothpastes containing ginseng have been developed, distributed, and sold. Since 2014, the ginseng industry and research in North Korea have become more active overall. During this period, the ginseng cultivation area in Kaesong has been significantly expanded, and the facilities have been renovated. The Kaesong Koryo Ginseng Processing Plant has been equipped with sterilized, modernized facilities since 2016 and has been in operation. Since 2017, there has been a growing interest in quality control research, leading to the introduction of quality management regulations and certification systems in 2019. In the 1990s, there was significant research on ginseng product development, and since the 2000s, studies on the pharmacological effects and clinical research of ginseng have been reported. Additionally, research on ginseng cultivation and ginseng processing industries to increase yield has been emphasized. Ginseng, as a representative medicinal crop of Korea, holds great importance for both South and North Korea. Given its significance and the potential for synergy through mutual cooperation, ginseng serves as an ideal subject for inter- Korean exchange and collaboration.

승모판질환에서 수술전후 Doppler 심초음파도 소견의 변화

주승재,현민수,도문홍,김철호,오병희,박영배,최윤식,서정돈,이영우 대한순환기학회 1987 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.17 No.4

ADP에 의해서 활성화된 인혈관세포의 Prothrombin과 골타액단백 부착에 관여하는 Integrin αvβ3, αvβ5, α5β1의 특성

주승재,최휘,김성만,차태준,이재우 고신대학교(의대) 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 2003 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.18 No.1

Background : One of the most important features of integrins is that they exist in active and inactive states. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), which is usually secreted from activated platelets, may activate integrins on vascular cells. Each integrin has its own activation-dependent ligands that have much higher affinity to active form than inactive one. Integrins that might mediate adhesion of human vascular cells to prothrombin (PT) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) after ADP stimulation were investigated. Methods : PT and BSP were used as activation-dependent ligands in adhesion assay. Adhesions of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) were measured after stimulating with 100 μM of ADP, using ligand-coated 24-well plate and Fluorescence Multi-Well Plate Reader. Results : ADP activated HUVEC and HASMC to increase adhesions to PT and BSP in a dose-dependent manner. Adhesions of ADP-stimulated HUVEC to PT and BSP were almost completely inhibited by c7E3, a blocking monoclonal Ab to integrin β3 (96% and 92% inhibition, respectively), but not by P5H9, a blocking monoclonal Ab to integrin αvβ5. Adhesion of ADP-stimulated HASMC to PT was completely blocked by P5H9 (92% inhibition), but was not affected by c7E3. Adhesion of ADP-stimulated HASMC to BSP was partially inhibited either by P5H9 (46% inhibition) or by JBS5, a blocking monoclonal Ab to integrin α5β1 (75% inhibition), but was not affected by c7E3. However, it was completely blocked by cRGD (93% inhibition). Conclusion : These results indicate that the adhesion of ADP-stimulated HUVEC to PT or BSP was mediated by integrin αvβ3, and several integrins appeared to be involved in the adhesion of ADP-stimulated HASMC. While the adhesion of HASMC to PT was mediated by integrin αvβ5, the adhesion to BSP was associated with integrins αvβ5 and α5β1.