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주성일(Seong-Il Ju) 중동아프리카연구소 2021 아랍과 이슬람 세계 Vol.8 No.-
The purpose of this study is to introduce the process of the transmission, settlement, and spread of Islam in China through primary sources, and to investigate whether Islam with Chinese characteristics was formed through the Sinicization of Islam. Islam, which was transmitted to the contemporary era, settled and developed through an inclusive and open policy toward foreign peoples through the Tang and Song dynasties. In the Yuan Dynasty, which was established by the Mongols who conquered China, Islam was further developed and spread by hiring Arabs, Persians, and Central Asians who believed in Islam to keep the Han Chinese in check and strengthen their rule. However, Chinese Islam, which suffered hardships due to persecution by the Chinese government during the Yuan Dynasty, Ming and Qing periods, chose the route of Sinicization of Islam for survival. They adopted a policy of marrying Han Chinese, and their appearance changed to that of Han Chinese. If you don’t wear a hat or hijab, you can tell that you’re a Muslim, and your appearance has become so Chinese that it’s hard to tell them apart from the Han Chinese. The language of life is also used in Chinese. The ideology of Islam in China has been transformed into Islam with Chinese characteristics by merging with Confucianism, the dominant ideology in China, and Chinese culture. After the Republic of China period and the establishment of the socialist system, the Islamic organization was reorganized in line with the government’s policy of Sinicization, and policies were implemented to comply with the government’s demands. These efforts by Chinese Muslims on the Sinicization of Islam have laid the foundation for establishing itself as one of the five major religions recognized in China.
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주성일(Seong Il Ju) 횃불트리니티신학대학원대학교 한국이슬람연구소 2021 Muslim - Christian Encounter Vol.14 No.2
위구르 무슬림은 중국 정부의 ‘신장위구르 이슬람의 중국화’ 정책과 이 정책에 대응해 ‘위구르 이슬람의 탈 중국화’를 표방함으로 인해 다양하고 어려운 수난을 당하는 민족이다. 이로 인해 발생한 위구르 무슬림의 수난은 인권침해, 경제적 빈곤, 민족 갈등, 민족사 소실, 민족성 희석, 회족 무슬림과의 대립, 위구르 기독교인의 박해 등 다양한 형태로 표출되고 있다. 이러한 다양한 수난을 겪고 있는 위구르 무슬림을 향한 선교와 관련하여 ‘수난당하는 민족’을 대상으로 수난을 다각적 측면에서 이해하고, 어떻게 복음을 증거할 것인가라는 관점으로 선교전략을 구상한 사례가 미비하다. 따라서 본고는 위구르 무슬림의 수난을 바로 이해하는 연구의 필요성이 있다는 인식으로부터 시작한다. 이런 논지를 견지하면서 본 연구의 목적은 두 가지이다. 첫째는 위구르 무슬림에게 있는 수난이 무엇인지를 파악하는 것이다. 둘째는 위구르 무슬림에게 수난을 견디게 하는 원동력이 되는 종교적, 민족적 정체성을 연구하는 것이다. 위구르 무슬림의 수난을 바로 이해하는 것은 이들의 상황에 적합한 선교전략을 구상하는 데 중요한 밑거름이 될 것이다. Uyghur Muslims are an ethnic group suffering from the Chinese governments adoption of the Sinicizing Xinjiang Uyghur Islam policy and the consequent Desinicizing Uyghur Islam policy, which is a response to the former. These policies have caused Uyghur Muslims suffering in the form of human rights violations, economic poverty, ethnic conflict, loss of ethnic history, dilution of ethnicity, and confrontation with Hui Muslims, in addition to the persecution of Uyghur Christians. In the mission to Uyghur Muslims facing such hardships, there are few mission strategies targeting suffering people groups that incorporate a multi-faceted understanding of suffering and consider how to testify the gospel to them. Therefore, this study begins with the awareness that there is a need for research that properly understands the suffering of Uyghur Muslims. The purpose of this study is twofold: first, to understand what the Uyghur Muslims are suffering from, and second, to study the religious and ethnic identity that enables Uyghur Muslims to endure their suffering. Understanding the sufferings of Uyghur Muslims will be an important foundation for designing a mission strategy appropriate for their situation.
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