발표논문초록 : 포스터 발표 ; 인체 유즙단백질 Lactoferrin 을 생산하는 형질전환 딸기 개발

조혜선,유장렬 한국식물생명공학회 ( 구 한국식물조직배양학회 ) 1996 한국식물생명공학회 춘계학술연구발표회 Vol.1996 No.-

Effects of tonal distance and speech rate in the phonetic realization of Kinande H tones

조혜선 한국음운론학회 2013 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.19 No.3

The effects of time pressure in the realization of the fall and the rise between H tones in Kinande are examined, through a production study of one Kinande speaker. Phonetic realization of tonal languages such as Kinande is relatively less studied, though their phonological patterns have been more studied. Two types of time pressure of different nature are tested: tonal distance (phonological) and speech rate (phonetic). For the former, the number of syllables between two H tones is varied from zero to three. For the latter, speech rate is varied among fast, normal, and slow rates. The two types of time pressure showed similar effects in some respects, e.g., reduction in pitch magnitude under time pressure, relatively consistent slope of the fall. There were also differences in the effects of two types of pressure: the slope of the rise becomes steeper in closer tonal distance, but it becomes shallower in faster speech. Overall, alignment is less affected than pitch magnitude, under both types of time pressure. This suggests that in a tonal language such as Kinande, where tones are contrastive, tonal alignment is important to maintain than pitch magnitude.

Compression and truncation: The case of Seoul Korean accentual phrase

조혜선,에드워드 플레밍 한국음운론학회 2015 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.21 No.2

Compression and truncation are two general strategies adopted by languages in realizing tonal melodies in the face of time pressure. Compression involves adjustment of the phonetic details of tone realization to fit a tone sequence in the time available, while truncation involves deletion of a phonological tone, reducing a melody to fit the segmental material with which it must be associated. Seoul Korean appears to show truncation of tones in response to time pressure resulting from fast speech rate: the Accentual Phrase (AP) is canonically marked by a rise-fall-rise melody (LHLH), but at fast speech rates, APs can be realized with a rising F0 contour. Categorical tone deletion conditioned by speech rate would be theoretically significant because it would imply that a phonological operation can be conditioned by utterance-specific phonetic detail. However, analysis of the realization of the AP melody across a range of speech rates provides evidence that the apparent deletion of tones is actually the end result of compressing the final HLH sequence into such a short interval that the low tone is completely undershot and the two high tones are effectively merged. This analysis illustrates the general point that it is not possible to determine what phonological representation gave rise to a particular phonetic form without explicit analysis of the process of phonetic implementation.

Variation in vowel duration depending on voicing in American, British, and New Zealand English

조혜선 한국음성학회 2016 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.8 No.3

It is well known that vowels are shorter before voiceless consonants than voiced ones in English, as in many other languages. Research has shown that the ratio of vowel durations in voiced and voiceless contexts in English is in the range of 0.6~0.8. However, little work has been done as to whether the ratio of vowel durations varies depending on English variety. In the production experiment in this paper, seven speakers from three varieties of English, New Zealand, British, and American English, read 30 pairs of (C)VC monosyllabic words which differ in coda voicing (e.g. beat-bead). Vowel height, phonemic vowel length, and consonant manner were varied as well. As expected, vowel-shortening effects were found in all varieties: vowels were shorter before voiceless than before voiced codas. Overall vowel duration was the longest in American English and the shortest in New Zealand (NZ) English. In particular, vowel duration before voiceless codas is the shortest in New Zealand English, indicating the most radical degree of shortening in this variety. As a result, the ratio of vowel durations in varying voicing contexts is the lowest in NZ English, while American and British English do not show a significant difference each other. In addition, consonant closure duration was examined. Whereas NZ speakers show the shortest vowel duration before a voiceless coda, their voiceless consonants have the longest closure duration, which suggest an inverse relationship between vowel duration and closure duration.

The tonal timing and shape of the English L+H* pitch accent

조혜선 한국음운론학회 2011 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.17 No.2

This paper examines the timing of tonal targets in the English L+H* pitch accent. It has been shown that the tonal targets in English are aligned with respect to certain segmental landmarks (Ladd et al. 1999, Dilley et al. 2005). The effects of segmental anchoring are re-examined in this paper. We replicate the basic effect, but also find that the tones systematically deviate from their alignment points, so that the rise starts earlier and terminates later under time pressure. Considering this to be evidence for a target duration, we propose that both segmental alignment and target duration simultaneously affect the timing of L and H tones that comprise the L+H* pitch accent in English. The proposed model takes these two factors as weighted constraints (Flemming 2001). In this model, the actual timing of tonal targets is determined by the interaction of the alignment and duration constraints. The model parameters, the constraint weights and target duration, are obtained by fitting the proposed model to the actual data. The extended model with slope, magnitude, and alignment targets (Cho and Flemming 2011) is also applied to our experimental data. The results in this paper suggest that the phonetic realization grammar of the English L+H* pitch accent must specify for not only the alignment of tonal targets but also the target slope and magnitude of the rise.

First Report of Sclerotinia White Rot Caused by Sclerotinia nivalis on Panax ginseng in Korea

조혜선,신정섭,김재현,홍태균,조대휘,강제용 한국식물병리학회 2013 식물병연구 Vol.19 No.1

Sclerotinia white rot disease was observed on 5 and 6-year-old ginseng (Panax ginseng) roots in Hongchun,Cheorwon, and Yanggu, Gangwon Province, Korea from 2006 to 2010. Symptoms included a brownish watery soft rot of the roots, and black sclerotia were often found on the rotten roots. The causal agent of the disease was identified as Sclerotinia nivalis based on cultural characteristics and sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA and β-tubulin gene with 100% sequence similarity. Pathogenicity tests were performed on 2-year-old ginseng roots with mycelium plugs without wounds. A watery soft rot of the roots and black sclerotia were observed 10 days after inoculation. These symptoms were identical to those observed on naturally infected roots. The same fungus was re-isolated from the lesions induced by artificial inoculation. This is the first report of sclerotinia white rot caused by S. nivalis on P. ginseng in Korea.

The Pragmatics of Anaphora

조혜선 동국대학교 대학원 1991 大學院硏究論集-東國大學校 大學院 Vol.21 No.-

대용화(anaphora)는 변형 문법 초기부터 구문론에 입각하여 활발하게 논의되어 왔으나 해석상에 많은 문제점을 남겼다. 이 문제점을 보완하기 위해 대용화에 대한 화용론적 접근을 시도해 본다. 종래에는 별개의 다른 형태로서 분석되던 한정 명사구 대용화( definite NP anaphora)와 전치된 전치사구에서의 대명사적 대용화(pronoun anaphora)를 화용론적 개념인 '주제'(topic)와 '장면'(scene) 개념으로, 같은 기능적 영역에서 상호관련되어 해석할 수 있다. 한정 명사구 대용어는 어떤 하나의 명사와 연관되는 것이 아니라 그것의 외연이 전체적인 명제나 사건으로 부터 유추된다. 즉, 먼저 행해진 발화 전체가 다음 발화에 나오는 대용어의 선행사가 될 수 있다. 먼저 행해진 발화에서의 주제 개념만으로는 대용어의 선행사가 될 수 없기 때문에 '주제'의 좀 더 큰 영역인 '장면'이라는 개념의 새로운 도입이 요구된다. 사람들은 일반적으로 '장면'과 어떤 언어학적 '틀'을 연관시킨다. 그래서 어떤 장면으로 부터 쉽게 추론될 수 있는 것은, 이어서 일어나는 발화에서 한정명사구 대용어의 선행사가 되기 쉽다. 구조적으로 유사한 두 개의 전치된 전치사구가 대용어해석에서 다르게 나타나는데 Reinhart(1983)는 문장형(sentential)과 동사구형(verb phrasal)으로 구조적 구분을 했으나, 단지 문맥 첨가로 대용어 해석을 가능하게 함은 그녀의 구문론적 해석이 잘못임을 입증해 준다. 여기에 '장면'이론을 도입해 보면, 장면은 청자에게 이미 제시된 정보이며 발화 참여자가 이용할 수 있는 가장 적절한 정보이기 때문에. 그들에게 익숙하고, 심리적으로 두드러진 요소이므로, 뒤이어 일어나는 발화의 대용어를 위한 선행사일 가능성이 커진다. 즉, 주절은 한 장면인 전치사구의 문맥아래서 조사 분석된다. 그 장면은 추론 가능한 항목들로 구성되어서 주절에 나오는 대용어의 선행사가 될 수 있다. 구조적으로 유사한 두개의 전치된 전치사구에서의 대용어 해석의 차이와 전치사구에서의 대명사적 대용화와 한정 명사구 대용화의 상호 관련을 위해 화용론적 개념인 주제와 장면의 개념 도입은 구문론적 해석과는 달리 예외적 경우를 남기지 않는다. 대용화에 대한 화용론적 설명으로 구문론적 분석에 의한 불충분한 점을 보충할 수 있으며, 영어·한국어의 대용화에 관해 통합된 해석을 할 수 있다.

완곡어법의 화용론적 설명

조혜선 한국커뮤니케이션학회 1999 커뮤니케이션학연구 Vol.7 No.1

This study suggests that euphemism constitutes a pragmatic choice by the language user in euphemistic communication. We cover three main devices speakers can take for euphemisms: figurative expressions, circumlocutions and irrelevant expressions. We show a close collaboration between the Cooperative Principle's maxims of conversation (Grice 1975) and the Politeness Principle (Leech 1983) by giving politeness a higher rating than cooperation in the interpretation of euphemisms. It is also considered that situational factors affect the permissibility of certain modes of euphemistic expressions, and then cause the expressions to evolve in the course of time and new euphemisms emerge to replace the old ones. More importantly, we argue that euphemisms in English and Korean flout one or two of the maxims of conversation, thus giving rise to Particularized Conversational Implicatures. Consequently, floutings are noted to play a crucial pragmatic role in lexical choices as well as their well-established roles in structural and discoursal choices.

초음파와 자기공명영상으로 진단한 횡행 이소성 고환: 증례 보고

조혜선,김용우,최석진,차성숙 대한영상의학회 2007 대한영상의학회지 Vol.56 No.1

Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is a rare congenital anomaly in which both testes migrate toward the same hemiscrotum. In most cases, the correct diagnosis is not made preoperatively, but it's made during an inguinal herniotomy or during surgical exploration for an undescended testis because TTE is clinically misdiagnosed as an symptomatic inguinal hernia or as a tumor of the testis on the side to which the ectopic testis has migrated or as an undescended testis on the contralateral side. US and MR imaging can detect the transverse testicular ectopia by its characteristic appearance and so provide useful information about any associated anomalies. We report here on a case of transverse testicular ectopia that was diagnosed by US and MR imaging in a 10-month-old boy, and we review the relevant literature. 횡행 이소성 고환은 양쪽 고환이 하나의 음낭에 있는 드문 선천적 기형이다. 임상적으로 이소성 고환이 있는 부위는 증상이 있는 서혜부 탈장이나 종괴로, 반대쪽은 잠복 고환으로 오인되기 때문에 수술 전 정확한 진단이 이루어지지 않고, 탈장 수술이나 잠복 고환의 수술적 진찰(surgical exploration) 도중에 진단이 되는 경우가 많다. 그러나 횡행 이소성 고환은 특징적인 영상 소견으로 쉽게 진단이 가능하며, 초음파나 자기공명영상으로 동반 기형도 확인할 수 있다. 저자들은 10개월 남아에서 초음파와 자기공명영상 소견으로 진단된 횡행 이소성 고환 증례를 보고하며 문헌을 고찰하고자 한다.

이중언어교육환경에서의 조선어문교수에 대한 연구

조혜선 길림성민족사무위원회 2006 중국조선어문 Vol.144 No.-