낙동강 하구역의 수중 및 저질 중금속 분포

조완근 인제대학교 1992 仁濟論叢 Vol.8 No.1

낙동강 하구역의 수중 중금속 조사가 1991년 여름, 가을, 겨울 그리고 1992년 봄의 4회에 걸쳐 예상청정수역과 예상오염수역 9개 지점에서 실시되었다. 카드뮴,구리 및 납은 4회에 걸쳐 모든 채취지역에서 각각 본 분석법의 검출한계인 0.01ppm, 0.02ppm 그리고 0.10ppm 이하로서 검출이 되지 않았다. 총 크롬은 농도범위와 4회 평균농도 각각 ND(not detected)-0.07ppm과 0.0166ppm으로 나타났고, 예상 오염지역인 장림에서 최대인 0.043ppm으로, 예상천정지역인 물금에서 최소인 0.005ppm으로 나타났다. 철의 농도범위와 4회 평균농도는 각각 ND-0.1ppm과 0.0364ppm이고, 채취지점별 농도 차이는 크지 않게 나타났다. 낙동강 하구역의 저질 중금속 조사가 수중조사와 동일한 일정으로 5개 지점에서 실시되었다. 카드뮴은 4회에 걸쳐 물금, 하구언 및 구포 지역에서는 검출이 되지 않았고, 장림과 녹산에서의 카드뮴 4회 평균 농도는 각각 0.38ppm과 0.10ppm으로 나타났다. 저질 총 크롬 평균농도는 예상오염지역인 장림에서 18.4ppm으로서 가장 높았고, 예상 청정지역인 물금에서 1.74ppm으로서 가장 낮게 나타났다. 지구토양의 주구성성분중의 하나인 철은, 물금으로 3295ppm으로서 최소이고, 장림에서 13,229ppm으로서 최대로 나타났다. 납의 평균농도가 장림에서 13.9ppm으로서 가장 높았고, 물금에서 0.16ppm으로서 가장 낮게 나타났다. The survey of heavy metals in Nak-Dong river water was conducted at nine sites in each season, from summer(1991) to spring(1992). Cadmium, copper, and lead were not detected at all sites for the study time. The minimum detection limits(MDLs) of Cadmium, copper, and lead were 0.01ppm, 0.02ppm, and 0.10ppm, respectively. The concentration range and the season-average concentration of total chromium were net-detected (ND) through 0.07ppm and 0.0166ppm, respectively. The range of iron concentration was ND through 0.1ppm, and the season average concentration of iron was 0.0364ppm. The iron concentration difference at each site was not significant. The concentration of heavy metals in Nak-Dong river sediment was measured at the same sites and time as those of water study. Cadmium was not detected at Mul-gum, Hagu-un, and Ku-po in each season. However, the season-average concentration of cadmium at Gang-lim and Nok-san were 0.38ppm and 0.10ppm, respectively. The season-average concentration of total chromium at Mul-gum which is an expected clean site was 1.43ppm, while at Gang-lim which is an expected polluted site was 18.4ppm. The season-averse concentration of iron which is one of the major components of earth soil was 3295ppm at Mul-gum and was 13229ppm at Gang-lim. Lead concentration was 13.9ppm at Gang-lim and was 0.16ppm at Mul-gum.

휘발성 유기물질에 대한 차량 탑승시 노출 ( In-Vehicle Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds )

조완근 한국대기환경학회 1996 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.12 No.2

자동차 운행과 관련한 PM10 및 일산화탄소 노출 평가 ( Exposure to PM10 and Carbon Monoxide ( CO ) Associated with Automobile Travels )

조완근,이진우 한국대기환경학회 2001 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.17 No.4

이동용 호기시료 채취시스템 개발

조완근 경북대학교 공과대학 1998 산·학·연 공동기술개발 결과보고서 Vol.1998 No.-

건축자재의 산화티타늄 코팅을 통한 휘발성 유기화합물 분해

조완근 한국환경과학회 2005 한국환경과학회지 Vol.14 No.8

대구지역 PM10 오염 관리를 위한 시간적 및 공간적 오염 특성 평가

조완근,권기동 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Present study analyzed the temporal and spatial characteristics of PM10 pollution in Metropolitan Daegu area based on air pollution monitoring station data and measurements of PM10 concentrations in background area in order to provide essential data for efficient PM10 pollution management. The significant variation of spatial and temporal PM10 concentrations in Daegu area was observed during the study years. The highest maximum PM10 concentration(332 ㎍/m²), average concentration(88 ㎍/m²) and frequency exceeding PM10 daily standard(150 ㎍/m²) were all observed in Namsandong located near a major roadway. The hourly and weekly variations of PM10 concentrations had different pattern for the measurement sites. The monthly and seasonal concentrations exhibited a notable characteristic: the maximum concentration was obtained in spring season, most likely due to Yellow sand effects. Furthermore, this temporal variation of PM10 pollution varied with study site. Meanwhile, the PM10 values measured at the monitoring site, Manchondong, were comparable with those of a control site. The average PM10 concentration ranged from 23 ㎍/ m² to 115 ㎍/ m² with a mean value of 53 ㎍/ m² in the former site and from 22 ㎍/m² to 91 ㎍/m² with a mean value of 45 ㎍/m² in the latter site.

휘발유 및 환경 담배 연기 관련 벤젠 노출

조완근,문경조 한국환경과학회 1999 한국환경과학회지 Vol.8 No.3

This study was designed to evaluate the exposure to benzene by residents in neighborhoods near a major roadways, by persons waiting buses, and by drivers and service station attendants while refueling. It was confirmed that the outdoor air benzene concentrations near the major roadways were higher than those further away from the sources. However, neither the indoor air nor breath concentrations were different for two specified residential areas. Smoking was confirmed as an important factor for the indoor air benzene levels. Persons waiting buses, drivers and service station attendants were exposed to elevated benzene levels compared to even the residents in neighborhoods near a major roadways. The mean benzene concentration at bus stop was 2.7 to 6.9 times higher than the mean ambient air concentration. The mean benzene concentrations in the breathing zone of drivers and service station attendants were 95 to 160 and 120 to 202 times higher than the mean ambient air concentrations, respectively.

대구지역 공단과 인근 주거지역의 휘발성유기화합물질 오염도 평가

조완근,이진우 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.6

Air pollution from the Daegu industrial complex (DIC) in Korea has been a common nuisance and cause of complaints for nearby residents. The current study measured the indoor and outdoor levels of six VOC (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and three isomeric xylenes) at two residential areas with a different proximity to the DDIC, plus the ambient levels at two industrial areas within the boundary of the DDIC. The QA/QC program included the range of correlation coefficient (0.94~0.99) for calibration curves, within the permissible range. Toluene was the most abundant VOC in the ambient air both in residential and industrial areas. Both indoor and outdoor air concentrations of all target VOC except benzene were higher in residential area near the DIC compared to that further away from the DIC. Moreover, the ambient air concentrations of all target VOC except benzene for two industrial sites (A and B) were significantly higher than the outdoor or indoor air concentrations in the two residential areas. The findings further suggested that VOC ambient levels measured in a residential area near the DIC be used as a potential indicator of odor-causing unidentified air pollutants transported from the DIC. Moreover, it was found that the elevated ambient toluene levels outweighed the indoor sources with respect to the environmental exposure of residents nearby the DIC. However, in the residential area further away from the DIC, the toluene indoor sources outweighed the outdoor sources.

공기질 조절장치 작동 승용차 내부의 공기질 평가

조완근,박건호 한국환경과학회 1998 한국환경과학회지 Vol.7 No.5

This study examined the carbon dioxide (CO_2) pollution inside vehicles under low ventilation condition and evaluated the Air Quality System (AQS) for in-vehicle air quality using two techniques. The low ventilation condition is not recommended in order to keep oxygen-rich condition inside vehicles. Under the low ventilation condition, the in-vehicle CO_2 concentrations exceeded 1,000 ppm, the air quality guidelines in the United States, Western Europe, and Japan, indicating more oxygen deficiency inside vehicles. On the contrary, with the AQS-on condition, the in-vehicle CO_2 concentrations were less than 1,000 ppm for most of the driving time, indicating that the AQS could solve the problem of CO_2 accumulation inside vehicles under the low ventilation condition. The AQS test conducted by comparing carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations inside two vehicles indicated that the AQS effectively decreased the in-vehicle concentrations by 21 to 36%, as compared to medium ventilation condition with the windows closed, the vent opened, and air conditioning on. In addition, The AQS test conducted by comparing the interior and exterior concentrations indicated that the AQS effectively decreased the in-vehicle concentrations by 18 to 31%, as compared to medium ventilation condition.

유해 할로겐화탄화수소 폐기물 처리를 위한 열분해 반응

조완근 한국환경과학회 1997 한국환경과학회지 Vol.6 No.4

The pyrolysis reactions of atomic hydrogen with chloroform were studied in a 4 cm i.d, tubular flow reactor with low flow velocity (518 ㎝/sec) and a 2.6 ㎝ i.d. tubular flow reactor with high flow velocity (1227 ㎝/sec). The hydrogen atom concentration was measured by chemiluminescence titration with nitrogen dioxide, and the chloroform concentrations were determined using a gas chromatography. The chloroform conversion efficiency depended on both the chloroform flow rate and linear flow velocity, but did not depend on the flow rate of hydrogen atom. A computer model was employed to estimate a rate constant for the initial reaction of atomic hydrogen with chloroform. The model consisted of a scheme for chloroform-hydrogen atom reaction, Runge-Kutta 4th-order method for integration of first-order differential equations describing the time dependence of the concentrations of various chemical species, and Rosenbrock method for optimization to match model and experimental results. The scheme for chloroform-hydrogen atom reaction included 22 elementary reactions. The rate constant estimated using the data obtained from the 2.6 cm i.d. reactor was to be 8.1 × 10 exp (-14) ㎤/molecule-sec and 3.8 × 10 exp (-15) ㎤/molecule-sec, and the deviations of computer model from experimental results were 9% and 12%, for the each reaction time of 0.028 sec and 0.072 sec, respectively.