Montessori 아동 교육관에 있어서 자유개념에 관한 연구

조성자,김지원 ( Sung Ja Jo,Ji Won Kim ) 한국아동교육학회 1993 아동교육 Vol.3 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine how the concept of freedom is grafted on the actual education of children by analyzing it as a basis of the education of M. Montessori, and by doing so, I intend to attempt the qualitative improvement in a process of modern education of children. So, I investigated the theoretical background and the view of education of children of M. Montessori. And in the education of Montessori, I studied the meaning of the concept of freedom. I also studied a relation between the concept of freedom and the religious education as an actual education and looked into a reciprocal relation between freedom and a prepared environment, a reciprocal action between it and a teacher`s role. and I studied the examined the criticism on freedom. In the theoretical background of the educational thought of M. Montessori, I looked around the backgrounds of education and thought. In the educational background, she was influenced by hard and Seguin, educationalists for the handicapped. In the background of thought, he shows the thought which centers on children and considers their autonomy and personality valuable, for she was influenced by the former ages succeeded from Comenius, Rousseau to Pestalozzi, Frobel and also by the New Education Movement of Redie, Demolins, Lietz, Dewey, Ellen Key who were the contemporary educational currents. In the view of education of children of M. Montessori, I investigated centrally human, nature, and God. As a view point which the view of nature sees a nature as freedom, I was able to find that the subjective nature and the objective one are unified, His view of human is the unitary and the standpoint which regards a child as a good and positive being. I recognized the fact that the view of God was to try to find God`s appearance by developing the human`s original nature, for sacredness was in a man`s inside. If, in the educational principle of Montessori as a self-activity, it provided an object for children`s stage of sensitivity through observing their activity, I could know that they made a self- education as a concentrative state of their work and came to obtain a normalization. Also I could recognize that the object of Montessori was to be devised to be able to give an auto-education which made children recognize and correct of their work for themselves. In the concept of freedom of M. Montessori, I studied its meaning. I analyzed that the concept of freedom about a spontaneous realization of the original nature of children, as its meaning, must allow them to express their original nature spontaneously, and that of freedom to be set free an outside restriction must constitute the environment for free expression and activity of their original nature, and it, as an order and a rule is the one that children control themselves and don`t interfere with other`s activities. For Montessori put the base of education of children on the religious education, she studied the meaning of concept of freedom grafted on it as a practical one. Also, she looked into about the reciprocal relation between freedom and a prepared environment, the reciprocal action between it and a teacher`s role. Montessori gave the religious education through the catholic ritual, her religion. The cultivative activity of nature through it as a process of the religious education of M. Montessori was an activity that recognized mystery of life and formed itself, which related to it as a original nature of child that a child developed her inner vitality. And the activity through an object for the ritual was to provide the environment which children would use it freely and to relate to the concept of freedom to be set free an outside restriction. Also, the educational process through a meditation and a prayer, as the ritual activity, makes children learn their patience and self- controled their activity and didn`t obstruct others` one. therefore I came to understand that the concept of freedom acted as a basi

「 인간 교육 」중심으로 살펴 본 FROBEL 의 아동교육론

조성자,정인숙 ( Sung Ja Jo,In Sook Cheong ) 한국아동교육학회 1993 아동교육 Vol.3 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyze Frobel`s main work Die Menschenrziehung, to review the idea of Child Education involved in the work. Frobel was influenced by Die Menschenrziehung, which belonged to Deutsch romanticism and the passive way of education that claimed man is essentially good therefore all the aptitudes should be developed harmoniously. From the view point of educational history, he was affected by Commenius, Rousseau, Pestalozzi, accepting all their backgrounds, adding his own experiences and forming his own idea. As the basis of Frobel`s educational idea, God, nature and humanbeing can be cited. Frobel`s God is based on the idea that God moves on its own accord, incessantly creating for himself and acts, through which He moves everything. That is God ultimately unified with creative power tantamount to the cosmic spirit. Again, Frobel`s nature can be said God`s plateau with His spirit, which is a nature as a source of man`s intrinsic power : it is a nature which is active and creative as an organic being. Since Frobel viewed that man is governed by God, he saw that mari s original nature is good and that man alone can control things of God. In the theory of Child Educaton revealed in Frobel`s Die Menschenrziehung in the light of the above background, he saw the unlimited potential as sacrosanct by claiming as the purpose of education From birth, man is possessed of an unlimited potedtial endowed by God. Defining that as man`s original nature, he said demonstration of the divine nature which is man`s original nature is the purpose of education, Thus, as the principle of Die Menschenrziehung for reaching the goal of education he adopted as basis the principle of unity which maintains all things are governed unified by God, he insisted on the the principle of one`s own creative activity so that the child can materialize the divine nature. In addition, he also claimed that the child is a being with developmental potential, unceasingly growing : therefore, man who is originated from systematic developmental principl as perpetual living being wants to express through action since birth. With all these as a basis, Frobel cited as a suggestion of what to teach religion, nature and mathematics, language and arts. Especially in childhood peculiar notice was paid to as a period of establishing self, and dealt each as religion is the essence of the spirit, nature and mathematics is for recognizing all beings and arts for expressions including the language is an intermediary for those. On such Ideological background for Die Menschenrziehung, as to the actual application of Frobel`s idea of the child education to reality this study was directed through games which are the whole of a child`s life, by going through creative self activity called on by hims and practical side of games in an attempt to help the child achieve creative self activity existing within the child. For teaching material in the classroom, Frobel devised things and work with deep significance and value for a practical way to carry out creative self activity along with religious education, a basis and essence for child education. For reference to the importance of home education and mother education, he published Mother`s Song and Song of Caressing, corroborating his theory concerning songs and motional activities ; for outdoors activity, he cited the following as important : teach so as to the child familiarize himself with Nature ; to consider the surrounding nature as belong to oneself : and to infiltrate into oneself and place above oneself the God`s spirit existing in nature. Thus Frobel`s idea studied with its center on Die Menschenrziehung can be found to gave made great contribution not only to the current indergarten education but is influencing all phases of human education. Also the following points are found to hold great significance in the current child education to develop the theory on creative self activity cherish th

성인초기의 불안정 성인애착과 대인관계문제 간의 관계: 정신화와 자기자비의 매개효과

조성자 ( Jo Sung ja ),김지연 ( Kim Jee Youn ) 한국사회복지경영학회 2021 사회복지경영연구 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study is to verify the mediated effects of mentalization and self-compassion in the relationship between insecure adult attachment and interpersonal problems in the early adult stage. First, It was confirmed that attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance showed a positive correlation with interpersonal problems. This means that the higher the attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, the higher the possibility of experiencing interpersonal problems. Second, attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance showed a negative correlation between mentalization. This means that the higher attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, the lower the level of mentalization. Third, attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance showed a negative correlation between self-compassion. This means that the higher attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, the lower the level of self-compassion. Fourth, mentalization had mediating effects on relations between insecure attachment, that is attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, and interpersonal problems. This means that raising the level of mentalization can be an intervention that can reduce interpersonal problems when insecure adult attachment levels are high. Fifth, self-compassion hadn’t mediating effects on relations between insecure attachment, that is attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, and interpersonal problems. This means that it is difficult to reduce interpersonal problems through self-compassion when insecure adult attachment levels are high.

경계선 지적기능(BIF) 자녀를 둔 부모의 심리적 경험 연구 -근거이론을 중심으로-

김영미 ( Kim Young Mi ),조성자 ( Jo Sung Ja ) 한국사회복지경영학회 2021 사회복지경영연구 Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of this study is to present a substantive theory on the psychological experiences that parents of BIF children have while raising children in order to re-examine the direction of the parental role of children with borderline intellectual skills. An in-depth interview was conducted on a total of 11 mothers with borderline intellectually functioning children in adolescence on the psychological experiences of parents in parenting situations. The data collection period was from June to October 2020, and it was conducted according to the grounded theory method procedure suggested by Strauss & Corbin (1998), which is a qualitative research method. As a result of data analysis, as a result of extracting 101 concepts, 38 subcategories, and 19 categories from open coding, the central phenomenon was found to be 'searching for a direction in the pain of the abyss and hope that cannot be given up', and the denial stage → projection Through the stage of identification with the child → the stage of recognizing anxiety → the stage of letting go → the stage of separation and individualization → the stage of acceptance, the direction of the parental role aimed at helping the child's cognitive deficits was found.

한국화(韓國畵) 화가의 작품에서 드러나는 색채와 심리의 관계 연구

정준교 ( Jeong Jun Kyo ),조성자 ( Jo Sung Ja ) 한국사회복지경영학회 2021 사회복지경영연구 Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of this study is to verify the relationship between color and psychology revealed in the works of academic painters through phenomenological research methods. The participants who agreed to join the experiments have experienced the main phenomenon of the study and been active in Korean Paintings. Participant selection criteria is that they are currently working in the Korean Art Association and various art organizations, with all their educational backgrounds above university graduate school and university graduates in capital area. Participants were presented with the purpose, purpose, and method of the study, and six of them were selected. The data from study applied Colaizzi's phenomenological research method, then qualitatively analyzed the data that is collected by the counseling about expressed colors it their presented works. The results were drawn from 11 themes, 42 themes, 4 category. The results of the study aimed to recognize the relationship between self-expression, unconscious nature of color and the psychological relationship of color in the work. The results are as follows. The main meaning of this study is to identify how psychology of a human could be expressed in colors in the works of participants. The results of the study demonstrates self-expression and ego by recognizing the tendency and meaning of color expression trends and major colors in the work. Moreover, by classifying unconscious characteristics of the colors through analytical psychology, the study confirms the tendency of the colors.

LC / ESI - MS를 이용한 Acrylamide의 정성확인 및 정량분석

박찬구(Chan-Koo Park),조성자(Sung-Ja Jo),조남준(Nam-Joon Chough),김민영(Min-Young Kim),손종렬(Jong-Ryeul Sohn),문경환(Kyong-Whan Moon) 대한환경위생공학회 2004 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.19 No.4

Acrylamide, difficult to analyze by GC and GC/MS due to the polarity and low volatility, was analyzed by LC/ESI/MS in the study. Acrylamide its (molecular weight 71amu) showed m/z=72 (M+H)+ and high peak intensity at 22V in SIR mode. The mass spectrum ratios of acrylamide for qualitative identification had m/z=72 in precursor ion and m/z=55 in products ion, respectively. Those ratios at 30V in SIR mode ranged from 1: 1.4 to 1:1.17 despite various acrylamide concentrations. The ion intensity ratios of acrylamide (m/z=72, [M+H]+) to acrylamide isotopes (m/z=73, [M+H]+) ranged from 100 : 3.57 to 100 : 3.92. The results verified theoretical mass spectrum ratio that was 100:3.82. The linearity of standard calibration curve was y = 520.584x + 1815.26 with r²=0.99. In quality assurance and quality control, the recovery rate ranged from 81.64 percent to 90.97 percent and relative standard deviation was less than 10% with 5 repeated injections at individual standard calibration solutions. The method was applied to analyze acrylamide in food at grocery stores. Snacks made of potatoes showed the highest acrylamide concentration followed by products made of French fries, wheat, and com.

음악심리치료에서 나타난 노인의 심리에 관한 연구 -배우자 상실을 경험한 여성 노인을 대상으로-

안지영 ( Ahn Jee Young ),조성자 ( Jo Sung Ja ) 한국사회복지경영학회 2021 사회복지경영연구 Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the psychological characteristics of the elderly's life recall and loss experience in music psychotherapy as a phenomenological research method. The participants were 10 elderly people who experienced the loss of 65 years or older who voluntarily agreed to participate through the R-Christian Party in Y City and the C-Christian Church in S City. This study conducted a total of 8 sessions of music psychotherapy program, and collected data through the process of the pre-program and in-depth interviews. This data was analyzed according to Colaizzi's phenomenological research method, and the results were derived from 265 meanings, 36 themes, and 12 theme groups. The results of this study were divided into 'recalling experience of the elderly in music psychotherapy', 'loss experience of the elderly in music psychotherapy' and 'emotional experience of the elderly in music psychotherapy'. First, the recall experience of the elderly in music psychotherapy was 'the lament of childhood' and 'the recall of childhood'. Second, the experience of loss of the elderly in music psychotherapy was 'husband's thoughts', 'loss', 'change after death', 'depression of life', 'lonely and anxious'. Third, the emotional experiences of the elderly in music psychotherapy were 'ingraining old', 'belief life', 'life attitude', 'joy through music', 'appreciation and freedom through music'. The significance of this study is as follows. First, this study is meaningful in that it used phenomenological method, which is a qualitative research method, to understand the psychology of the elderly who experienced loss through music psychotherapy more deeply. Second, the interview using the music psychotherapy method minimizes the psychological defense of the participants, and it is meaningful that the participants expressed their inner side in various ways through musical instrument performance, housekeeping discussion, improvisation, etc., and provided help to look objectively at past events. Third, this study has great significance in that it provided help to the elderly who experienced loss to have insights through the whole life from the past childhood recollection to the attitude toward the future life beyond the present life. Fourth, it is meaningful that the elderly who experienced the loss in this study laid the foundation for future programs, psychological and counseling approaches.

한글서예학회 작가전

박정숙(Park Jung-Sook),유정숙(Yoo Jung-Sook),임영란(Im Young-Ran),정복동(Jeong Bok-Dong),조성자(Jo Sung-Ja),한태상(Han Tai-Song) 한글서예학회 2021 한글서예연구 Vol.- No.1