대학생의 진로소명과 진로결정자기효능감이 전공만족에 미치는 영향

조경주,이동혁 한국상담학회 2016 한국상담학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.8

실별제어 시스템을 적용한 주거용 환기장치의 팬 에너지 절감 효과 실증 연구

조경주,정혁준,조동우 한국건축친환경설비학회 2022 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.16 No.6

The minimum performance standard of ventilation systems defined in the Rules on Equipment Standards for Buildings, etc. is 0.5 air change per hour. Since this standard is for all households, it can be seen that the doors of all rooms are open, when the doors of the rooms are closed, the appropriate ventilation rates could vary. This inevitably causes differences in air quality for each space depending on the difference in the infiltration rate or the number of occupants for each room. Providing sufficient ventilation rates for all rooms could be the best way for maintaining the indoor air qualities of them. However, as the ventilation rate increases, the fan energy consumption rises as well. Therefore, technologies for saving fan energy with providing the optimal ventilation rate for each room need to be applied for the system. In this study, the room– by-room control system was proposed for saving the ventilation system fan energy. To analyse the actual energy savings with the technology application, the occupancy schedule of residents in a 59 m2 apartment house were analysed, and the fan power draws for the cases according to the occupancy schedule were measured in an apartment house with the room-by-room control system application. In addition, to avoid overestimating the ventilation requirement for each room, the infiltration rates measured experimentally with the door closed were considered in the supply air volumes. In these experiments, when room-by-room control was applied, the fan energy savings per day on weekdays were analysed to be about 60% compared to the all-room control. As a future study, we plan to analyze the annual fan energy savings when holiday schedules are combined in various ways, and to check the change in CO2 concentration for each room through actual field experiments.

고정길이 Booth-Folding 제곱기 디자인

조경주,정진균 한국통신학회 2005 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.30 No.8

소규모 상가의 공간 특성을 고려한 열부하 산정용 상가 공간 모델 제안

조경주,윤요선 한국태양에너지학회 2022 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.42 No.4

Electric heat pump (EHP) systems are widely used for heating and cooling in small-scale shops. They are relatively easy to install and manage. Since 1998, KS C 9306 has been widely used for determining the heating and cooling capacities of EHPs. However, at present, to state with certainty that KS C 9306 is suitable for determining the optimal EHP capacity is difficult, as the standards employed for current building designs are considerably different. For example, the U-value standards for building constructions in 2022 are different from the standards applied in 1998. Studies on residential buildings have been actively conducted to determine the optimal heating and cooling capacities of EHPs; however, research on small-scale non-residential buildings is lacking. This study represents the first step in estimating the optimal heating and cooling capacities of EHPs in small-scale shops. The general design and building envelope information of small-scale shops was analyzed, after which reference models for small-scale shops were developed. For further research, 12 models according to the location, main direction, and U-values are proposed.

Unsigned와 signed 겸용 병렬 제곱기의 설계

조경주,Cho, Kyung-Ju 한국스마트미디어학회 2014 스마트미디어저널 Vol.3 No.1

The partial product matrix of a parallel squarer are symmetric about the diagonal. To reduce the number of partial product bits and the depth of partial product matrix, it can be typically folded, shifted and bit-rearranged. In this paper, an efficient design approach for the combined squarer, capable of operating on either unsigned or signed numbers based on a mode selection signal, is presented. By simulations, it is shown that the proposed combined squarers lead to up to 18% reduction in area, 11% reduction in propagation delay and 9% reduction in power consumption compared with the previous combined squarers. 제곱연산은 승수와 피승수가 동일한 곱셈의 특수한 경우로 병렬 제곱기의 부분곱 행렬에서 부분곱 비트들은 대칭을 이룬다. 이런 특성을 이용하여 부분곱을 폴딩(folding), 쉬프트, 재배열하여 부분곱 비트의 수와 부분곱 행렬의 최대높이들 감소시킨다. 본 논문에서는 제어신호에 따라 unsigned와 signed 제곱기로 동작하는 겸용 제곱기의 효율적인 설계 방법을 제안한다. 기존 겸용 제곱기와 달리 자리수(weight)가 다른 특정 부분곱 비트들의 덧셈에 대해 덧셈기를 사용하지 않고 계산하는 방법을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 겸용 제곱기는 기존 겸용 제곱기와 비교하여 면적은 약 18%, 지연시간(propagated delay time)은 약 11%, 전력소모는 약 9% 감소시킬 수 있음을 보인다.

루버일체식 양면형 태양광 모듈의 건축적 활용을 위한 연간 발전량 실험 분석

조경주,조동우 한국태양에너지학회 2022 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.42 No.1

Solar power systems are the most commonly used renewable energy systems for energy self-sufficiency in buildings. In particular, bifacial photovoltaic modules for solar power generation have been researched for their optimal application, as they can generate electricity from two sides using only a single frame. In addition, because the price of a bifacial photovoltaic module is approximately 20% higher than that of a single-sided module, installing bifacial photovoltaic modules in suitable locations on buildings can be economical. To date, most studies have primarily focused on how to increase the amount of power generation from rear cells by arranging materials with high reflectivity on the floors of buildings. In point of fact, when bifacial photovoltaic modules are arranged in an east-west orientation, the maximum amount of power can be obtained in the mornings and afternoons. However, when these modules are installed in buildings in this orientation, a shadow is produced on the building surface according to the trajectory of the sun. In addition, when photovoltaic modules are used in the building envelope, the amount of power generation is often reduced because of this shadow. Nevertheless, even when considering this reduction in power generation, if the total power generation is higher than when photovoltaic modules are installed only vertically, the self-sufficiency rates of buildings can be improved. In this study, the shadow of a bifacial photovoltaic module was simulated using vertical photovoltaic modules to consider the possibilities of architectural application of bifacial photovoltaic modules.

저오차 저면적 고정길이 Radix-8 Booth 곱셈기 설계

조경주 국제차세대융합기술학회 2022 차세대융합기술학회논문지 Vol.6 No.3

Ap proxi mat e computing is an emerging paradigm in the design of energy-efficient digital systems by exploiting the inherent error resilience of applications, such as image processing, pattern recognition, machine learning. The fixed-width multiplication is one of the method of approximate computing. In this paper, a low-error and low-area fixed-width radix-8 Booth design is proposed. In order to reduce the truncation error that occurs when designing a fixed-length multiplier, a compensation method for the truncation error by probabilistically analyzing the truncated part using radix-8 Booth encoder information is proposed. The proposed method is superior to the existing method by comparing error parameters to determine the performance of the fixed-length multiplier. In addition, as a result of designing the proposed fixed-width multiplier in Verilog and synthesizing it in FPGA, it can be seen that the proposed multiplier occupies about 39% less hardware compared to existing multipliers. 근사 컴퓨팅(approximate computing)은 영상처리, 패턴인식 및 기계학습과 같은 응용에서 내재적인 오차복원 특성을 활용하여 에너지 효율적인 디지털시스템 설계의 새로운 패러다임이다. 고정길이 곱셈은 근사 컴퓨팅 중 하나의 방법이다. 본 논문에서는 저오차 저면적 radix-8 Booth 고정길이 곱셈기 설계방법을 제안한다. 고정길이 곱셈기 설계시 발생하는 절사오차를 감소시키기 위해 radix-8 Booth 인코더 정보를 활용하여 절사되는 부분의 확률적 추정을 통해 오차를 보상하는 방법을 제안한다. 고정길이 곱셈기의 성능을 판단하는 오차 파라미터의 비교를 통해 제안한 방법이 기존 방법 보다 우수하였다. 또한, 제안한 고정길이 곱셈기를 Verilog로 설계하고 FPGA로 합성하여 비교한 결과, 절사후 고정길이 곱셈기 보다 약 38%의 하드웨어를 적게 사용하였다.

고정계수 곱셈을 위한 비트패턴 전용덧셈기 설계

조경주,김용은,Cho, Kyung-Ju,Kim, Yong-Eun 한국정보통신학회 2008 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.12 No.11

The problem of an efficient hardware implementation of multiple constant multiplication is frequently encountered in many digital signal processing applications such as FIR filter and linear transform (e.g., DCT and FFT). It is known that efficient solutions based on common subexpression elimination (CSE) algorithm can yield significant improvements with respect to the area and power consumption. In this paper, we present an efficient specialized adder design method for two common subexpressions ($10{\bar{1}}$, 101) in canonic signed digit (CSD) coefficients. By Synopsys simulations of a radix-24 FFT example, it is shown that the proposed method leads to about 21%, 11% and 12% reduction in the area, propagation delay time and power consumption compared with the conventional methods, respectively. FIR 필터, DCT, FFT와 같은 디지털 신호처리 응용에서 다중 고정 계수 곱셈의 효율적인 하드웨어 구현문제에 자주 접하게 된다. 고정계수 곱셈기 설계에서 공통 하위식 제거 알고리즘은 면적과 전력소모를 상당히 개선시킬 수 있는 방법을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 CSD 계수에서 빈번히 나타나는 두 공통 하위식($10{\bar{1}}$, 101)의 덧셈을 수행하는 전용덧셈기 설계 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법을 radix-24 FFT 구조의 고정계수 곱셈블록에 적용한 실험에서 제안한 방법의 면적, 지연시간, 전력소비는 기존방법 보다 각각 21%, 11%, 12% 정도 향상됨을 보인다.

3-nitropropionic Acid 투여 후 마우스 선조체에서 Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease의 발현과 신경세포고사

조경주,이두재,이병인,김경환 대한신경과학회 2005 대한신경과학회지 Vol.23 No.4

Background: 3-Nitroporpionic acid (3-NP) is an irreversible inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase in mitochondria and can induce apoptosis-like cell death in the striatum. It has been reported that oxidative stress plays a role in the 3-NP induced neuronal damage. 3-NP induced striatal damage is implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurological diseases, such as chronic neurodegenerative diseases and stroke. The DNA repair enzyme, apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE), is a multifunctional protein in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway. To clarify the relationship between APE and neuronal cell death associated with the apoptosis in the striatum was induced by 3-NP in vivo. Methods: After intra-striatal injection of 3-NP, expression of the APE protein and mRNA were evaluated by Western blot, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and DNA fragmentation patterns. Oxidative DNA damage was investigated by detection of oxidized DNA, AP site and superoxide. Results: Expression levels of APE was rapidly reduced as early as 1hr after injection of 3-NP. DNA fragmentation was observed 24 hours after 3-NP treatment but not 4 hours. APE gene expression was increased to 1hr after 3-NP treatment. The number of AP sites were reduced and the reduction of APE proteins were blocked by a superoxide scavenger, MnTBAP-treatment. Conclusions: These results suggest that the reduction of APE is the preceding event of DNA fragmentation that causes apoptosis and a decrease of APE may be induced by ROS after 3-NP treatment.

소규모 상가 건물의 환기량을 고려한 냉방시스템 적정 용량 제시를 위한 분석

조경주,조동우 대한설비공학회 2022 설비공학 논문집 Vol.34 No.7

In this study, cooling loads of small commercial buildings were calculated by applying the ventilation rate according to the Indoor Air Quality Control Act in order to suggest the appropriate cooling system capacity. The analysis model followed the latest standards and forms considering the use characteristics, and thus the ceiling height was raised and the window to wall ratio (WWR) was increased compared to the KS C 9306. In addition, KS C 9306 applied the CLTD method, but in this study, the RTS method, which is currently widely used in the design of offices, was applied. In general, the WWR of commercial spaces tends to be high and the cooling load is greatly affected by solar radiation.The cooling load does not considerably decrease due to the improvement of the insulation performance of the envelope. However, the ventilation rate changes have a relatively large impact on the cooling load. If small commercial buildings comply with the 'Indoor Air Quality Management Standards for Multi-Use Facilities' according to the Indoor Air Quality Control Act, the cooling load is expected to increase by 14.1-45.2%. The importance of ventilation is growing due to COVID-19, and the argument that indoor air quality in small and medium-sized commercial buildings should also be managed. In the case of commercial buildings, where window ventilation is impossible, regular ventilation through mechanical ventilation is required. It is necessary to present a standard that reflects the ventilation load in accordance with KS C 9306. 본 연구에서는 소규모 상가건물의 환기량을 고려한 냉방시스템 적정 용량을 제시하기 위해 현재 일반적으로 적용되고 있는 KS C 9306의 단위면적당 기준 열부하와 실내공기질 관리법에 따른 환기량을 적용한 냉방부하 계산 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 단, 분석 모델은 최신 기준 및 공간의 용도 특성을 고려한 형태를 따랐으며 이에 KS C 9306 모델 대비 천장고가 높아지고 창 면적비가 커졌다. 또한, KS C 9306은 CLTD법을 적용하였지만 본 연구에서는 현재 설계사무소에서 많이 사용하는 RTS법을 적용하였다. 공간의 용도 특성상 외기에 면한 입면 부위가 투과형 외피인 상가는 냉방부하 산정시 일사의 영향을 크게 받아 향별로 단위면적당 냉방부하의 차이가 크게 발생했다. 외피의 단열성능 향상에 따른 냉방부하 감소는 크지 않은 편이었고, 환기량에 따른 냉방부하 증가는 큰 편이다. 소규모 상가건물을 실내공기질 관리법에 따른 ‘다중이용시설 실내공기질 관리 기준’을 따르게 된다면 냉방부하는 14.1~45.2% 까지 증가할 것으로 예상되었다. 단, 본 분석결과는 열회수형 환기장치를 고려하지 않은 것으로 열회수가 가능한 환기장치를 설치한다면 냉방부하 증가량은 달라질 수 있다. COVID-19로 인해 환기의 중요성이 커지고 있으며 중소규모 상가건물의 실내공기질 역시 관리되어야한다는 주장이 힘을 얻고 있다. 공간의 특성상 창문 환기 등이 용이하지 않은 상가건물의 경우 기계환기설비를 통한 상시 환기가 필요하다. KS C 9306은 이에 발맞추어 적정한 환기부하를 반영한 기준을 제시하는 것이 필요한 시점이라고 판단된다.