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Graft 共重合物의 光褪色에 關한 硏究(第1報) : 白色度 變化에 對하여 for variance of whiteness
趙慶來 한국의류학회 1983 한국의류학회지 Vol.7 No.1
Variance of whiteness after graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile, methylmethacrylate and acrylamide onto bleached cellulose using Ce(Ⅳ) salt as initiators and the effect of homopolymer on the grafted fibers by photo-irradiation were studied. Also, the development of Yellowing were determined after carbon-arc radiation in a Fade-o-meter. The results were as follows: (1) Variation of whiteness of grafted cellulose fibers were influenced by graft-ratio, Inorganic-Organic Balance (IOB) of functional group in used monomers and adhering homopolymers on the grafed fibers. (2) Yellowing was not affected by the concentration of Ceric Ammonium Nitrate directly during reaction (eg. 0.008>0.006>0.014 M).
조경래,이선호,김은상,어환 대한척추신경외과학회 2013 Neurospine Vol.10 No.3
Objective: We sought to determine minimum 4 years of clinical outcomes including fusion rate, revision rate and complications of patients who underwent placement of rectangular stand-alone cages. Methods: Thirty-three cases of degenerative spine that had been followed for at least 4-years were reviewed retrospectively. Cages were inserted at L4-L5 level or L5-S1 in 27 or in 6 cases respectively. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Odom’s criteria, fusion rate, intervertebral disc height and lumbar lordosis were determined pre- and post-operatively on standing x-rays. Amount of intra- and postoperative blood loss, total volume transfused, duration of surgery and perioperative complications were also evaluated. Results: The mean VAS score of back pain and sciatica were improved from 8.0 and 7.0 points to 3.4 and 2.4 during 1 years follow-up visit and the scores was raised gradually. Also, during the follow-up, 94% of patients showed excellent or good outcomes by the Odom’s criteria. Intervertebral disc height was increased from 8.2±1.4mm to 9.2±1.9mm at the first year of follow-up, however, found to be decreased and stabilized to 8.3±1.8mm after 2 years. The fusion rate was approximately 91% after 4 year postoperative. The segmental angle of lordosis was increased significantly by two years but it was not maintained after four years. A statistically insignificant change in total lumbar lordosis was also observed. Three patients (9%) had experienced perioperative complications. Conclusion: The use of rectangular stand-alone cages for posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) resulted in a various degree of subsidence and demonstrate very low complication rate, high functional stability and improved clinical outcomes in patients with degenerative lumbar disc disease.
조경래 상명대학교 인문과학연구소 1995 人文科學硏究 Vol.4 No.-
The theoretical backgrounds of the Absolute monarchy are the devine rights of kings and Mercantilism. With this backgrounds, the real authority of absolute sovereign come from the faithful bureaucracy and the devoted standing army. In my study, especially, I will consider the bureacratic characteristics on the Tudor dynasty of England. During the period of Tudor dynasty, the bureaucracy structure is organized Privy Council for the centeral work, and Lord Lieutenant, Cheriff and Justice of the Peace for the regional work. In Privy Council, the first rank of bureaucracy is Chancellor, and the next ranks as Tresurer, Keeper of the Privy Seal and Pricipal Secritary are the professional bureaucrats. In the regional bureaucrats, Justice of the Peace does an important role for the central bureaucracy structure. He is of the wealthy Knight or Gentleman, is recommanded by the Traveling Justice, Archbishop, Bishop, Lord Lieutenant and Sheriff. During the period of Tudor dynasty, the bureaucratic charateristics are as follows: -First, the centeral bureaucracy hold the post of Justice of the Peace as an additional position. Second, almost the central bureaucrats also roles MP of the parliament. Third, even though Justice of the Peace is an real bureaucrat, he does not get a salary from the Government. (At that time, the same post of Justice of the Peace, in France, an inspector or an Intendent get a salary from the central government.) Conclusionally, in Tudor dynasty, there are bureaucratic characteristics that the central bureaucrats only support to a real power and authority for absolute sovereign.
고온에서의 steel-frame의 열응력 해석에 관한 연구
조경래,윤요현,김화중 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2(구조계)
We are the actual circumstances which a steel building is expanding to the trend of the larger and the higher stories of a city building. but, A fire resistance of Steel is fallen at high temperature compared with RC structure building therefore it brings strength degradation and occurrence of the thermal stress eventually steel have fatal fault at proof against the fire performance. for example, we saw collapse of the WTC building by fire in New York. A method of analysis for the structural behavior of steel member including thermal and mechanical properties of steel member under elevated temperature, is formulated. This paper presents the result of investigation on the time-dependent behavior in steel frame and structure, under loads and elevated temperature. In this research I have developed a program to analyze the complex non-linear motivation of thermal stress under high temperature with stational theory. With the program which I had developed I have analyzed sorts of steel-structure elements and frames, and the conclusion listed then.
보존적 치료에 반응하지 않는 심경부 감염 환자의 임상양상
조경래,유영삼 대한이비인후과학회 2009 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.52 No.1
Background and Objectives:In the era of antibiotics, some deep neck infections can be managed by conservative treatment, but some still need surgical treatment. In this study, we discuss whether or not there are significant differences between conservative treatment group and surgical treatment group in deep neck infections. Subjects and Method:We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records of 56 patients with deep neck infections from January 2005 to December 2007. Among 56 patients, 39 patients were managed by conservative treatment with antibiotics and 17 patients were managed by surgical treatment via transcervical approach with antibiotics. As for data analysis, Mann-Whitney U test was used. Results:In surgical treatment group, age, duration from symptom onset to hospitalization, hospital days, incidence of underlying disease, WBC (white blood cell) count, ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and CRP (C-reactive protein) were higher than the conservative treatment group. But, there was no statistical significance except hospital days, incidence of hypertension and CRP. Especially, initial CRP in conservative treatment group was 9.7 mg/dL and in surgical treatment group was 28.2 mg/dL. Conclusion:CRP in deep neck infection patients managed by surgical treatment via transcervical approach was about 3 times higher than patients managed by the conservative treatment only. Further study will be needed to determine the availability of CRP as a considering factor to decide the surgical treatment in deep neck infections.