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정석규 한국구약학회 2010 구약논단 Vol.16 No.2
This is an exegetical paper on the final form of 2 Kings 21: 1-18. This paper attempts to expose the freedom of YHWH in punishing against His people as well as the theological justification for the destruction of Jerusalem by YHWH based upon Manasseh's sins as the double theological intentions of the final form of 2 Kings 21: 1-18. In order to disclose the intentions of the text, this paper examines the final form of the text by a synchronic approach rather than a diachronic approach. First, this paper analyzes the structure and texture of the final form of the texts. The extant form of 2 Kings 21: 1-18 is portrayed in the rhetorical scheme of inclusio of the typical regnal introduction(21: 1) and the concluding regnal resume(21: 17-18). In this outer framework, the main block concerning the reign of Manasseh(21: 2-16) is described in terms of a five-part concentric design as follows: a. Explanation of Manasseh's sins(21: 2-9)b. Cause for YHWH's punishment(21: 11)c. YHWH's announcement of punishment(21: 12-14)b'. Cause for YHWH's punishment(21: 15)a'. Explanation of Manasseh's additional sins(21: 16). This concentric structure shows theological function of Manasseh's sins as the cause for YHWH's punishment against Judah as well as the final form of 2 Kings 21: 1-18 as a legitimate unified literary unit. Second, this paper shows a close relationship between YHWH's punishments against Samaria and against Judah by comparing the sins of Manasseh with those of Ahab and Samaria. This relationship shows that the reference of Manasseh's sins is intended to reveal theological justification for the destruction of Jerusalem by YHWH. Third, this paper tries to expose an another function of the final form of the text by comparing Manasseh's sins with the reforms of Hezekiah and Josiah. In relation to the reforms of King Hezekiah and King Josiah of Judah, Manasseh's sins depicted in the final text of 2 Kings 21: 1-18 are intended to show YHWH's sovereignty or the freedom of God in destroying Jerusalem and Judah and reneging the eternal promise to the house of David(cf. 2 Sam 7: 12-16). The reason why Manasseh's sins, which nullify the reform of the formal king Hezekiah(2 Kings 18-20), cannot be nullified by the righteous reform of the latter king Josiah(2 Kings 22-23) is that YHWH freely made the decision to punish against Jerusalem. Therefore, the narrative of Manasseh's sins in 2 Kings 21: 1-18 functions to expose the freedom of God in punishing against His people as well as theological justification for the destruction of Judah by YHWH. 본 논문은 므낫세의 죄를 다루는 왕하 21: 1-18을 본문 자체에 대한 구조 분석적 해석과, 신명기적 역사에 나타난 므낫세의 죄와 연관되는 다른 왕들의 죄 또는 개혁과 비교함으로 본문의 기능을 밝히려는 연구이다. 므낫세의 죄는 북이스라엘과의 관계에서 남유다에 대한 하나님의 심판이 정당하다는 것을 보여주며, 남유다의 왕들과의 관계에서는 하나님의 심판이 하나님의 자유임을 보여주는 기능을 한다.
정석규,박종흠,지승택,박금주,김해홍,현창기,신현길,Jeong, Seok-Kyu,Park, Jong-Heum,Ji, Seung-Taek,Park, Kum-Ju,Kim, Hai-Hong,Hyun, Chang-Kee,Shin, Heuyn-Kil 한국식품과학회 2000 한국식품과학회지 Vol.32 No.4
Comet assay를 이용하여 방사선 조사육의 조사여부 및 조사량을 판별해내는 방법을 개발하기 위해 1-10 kGy의 감마선 조사량으로 조사한 육조직에서 일어나는 DNA 손상을 측정하였다. Comet assay에 있어 최적의 comet image를 얻기 위해 세포 분리, 세포 lysis 및 전기영동에 대한 여러 조건들을 적용하여 최적의 조건을 확립하였다. DNA 손상도는 관찰되는 comet의 평균 tail length와 tail length에 의해 구분된 4 손상 등급에의 분포, 그리고 그 분포비율에 의해 본 연구에서 제시한 식에 의해 계산한 relative damage index(RDI) 값 등으로 비교 판정하였다. 평균 tail length와 RDI 값은 조사량이 증가함에 따라 증가하여 DNA 손상도가 증가됨을 나타내었으며, 평균 tail length으로는 조사량 간의 차이를 명확히 분별하기가 어려웠던 반면 RDI 값에 의하면 조사여부 및 조사량을 판별하기에 적합함을 알 수 있었다. 국내산 한우육과 수입 냉장육에 대하여 blind test를 실시한 결과 수입육이 높은 DNA 손상도를 나타내었는데 그 RDI 값은 방사선 조사에 의한 값보다는 비교적 낮은 것이어서 수입육의 DNA 손상은 방사선 조사가 아닌 저온처리의 결과인 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구의 결과로부터 Comet assay가 우육의 방사선 조사여부 및 조사량 판별에 유용한 기술로 응용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. DNA damages in post-mortem bovine muscle samples caused by gamma irradiation at doses of 1 to 10 kGy were determined by Comet assay. When the cell extract was prepared in a physical method and followed by neutral lysis and neutral electrophoresis, the optimal comet images could be obtained. DNA damages were evaluated from the mean tail length, the distributions of comet images in 4 groups divided by tail length and the relative damage index (RDI) values calculated from the distribution pattern. The mean tail length and RDI value were increased by increasing the irradiation dose, and the RDI value was found to be useful as an index for discriminating of irradiation and measuring the irradiated dose. Blind tests using Korean domestic (Hanwoo) and imported beef samples showed a higher RDI value for the latter. However, the value was lower than those of irradiated samples indicating that the cause of DNA damages in the imported beef samples might be not irradiation but low-temperature treatments. It was concluded from the results of this study that the irradiated beef and its irradiated dose could be detected and predicted by Comet assay.