騷音性難聽에 對한 聽覺學的 考察

丁東奎 충남대학교 대학원 1976 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

Audiological evaluation was performed for 184 female weavers(351 ears), who were 18~25 years old and have been working under the exposure of 103~105 dBa of machinery noise With the duration of employment they were divided into five groups under 1 year, 1~2 years, 2~3 years, 3~4 years and over 4 years The following results were obtained, 1) Theindcience of noise induced hearing losswas 39.7%(36.2% of ears) and rapidly increased during first 1~2 years 2) The average maximum hearing loss on the pure tone audiograms appeared at 4,000 ㎐ with about 40 ㏈ of hearing level The average hearing level at high frequencies (3,000 ㎐-8,000 ㎐) showed below 25 ㏈ of hearing level in all groups and had the tendency to increase slightly with the duration of working, but themost of hearing losses developed during first one year except at 8,000 ㎐ 3) The average hearing levelat speech frequencies was within normal range but the cases of hearing level over 25 ㏈ at 2,000 ㎐ was 27.% 4) The cases with maximum hearing loss at 4,000 ㎐ were 72.7% but the cases of maximumhearing loss at the other frequencies (3,000 ㎐, 6,000 ㎐ and 8,000 ㎐) were also observed and they increased slightly in numbers with the duration of working The noise induced hearing loss under the exposure of 103~105 dBA for 5 years, seemed to develope during first 1~2yars and there after slightly increase hearing loss was showed but no edarkable changes weer observed rem.

肝吸蟲症에 關한 實驗的 硏究

鄭東奎 경북대학교 의학연구소 1969 慶北醫大誌 Vol.10 No.2

It is the purpose of this paper to study the pathological and biochemical changs of the metacercaria-induced rabbit clonorchiasis with emphasis on the therapeutic effect of the anti-clonorchial agent, 2,2-methylenebis (3,4,6 trichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (MTPA). Thirty-three rabbits, with an average body weight of 2 kg., were divided into 2 groups. Group Ⅰ. Eighteen rabbits were subdivided into 6 groups: A,B,C,D,E and F. Subgroup A is a control. Subgroup B through F were infested through the mouth with 600 metacercariae of C. sinenesis, collected from the muscle of the silver carp, Pseudorasobra parva, from the pond in the vicinity of Taegu. The infestation intervals between metacercarial administration and sacrificing amimals for the subgroup B,C,D,E and F were 4,5,10,12 and 16 weeks, respectively. Group Ⅱ. Fifteen rabbits were subdivided into 5 groups: A,B,C,D and E. Subgroup A was infested with metacercariae of C. sinensis for 8 weeks. No anti-clonorchial agent was administered and this served as a control group. To the subgroup B, 20mg./kg. of MTPA, per day, for 1 week, was administered orally, strating on the 8th infestation week. To the remainder of the subgroups, this was a standard therapeutic regimen, and therefore, all subgroups were treated identically with this anti-clonorchial agent, except the control group. The time between termination of anti-clonorchial agent administration and sacrificing animals was: immediate, 1,3 an 7 weeks for B.C.D and E, respectively, Weekly variations of the total serum protein, albumin, electrophoretic fractionation of globulin, bilirubin, cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, thymol turbidity and serum transaminases for all animals were carried out, while pathological examinations were performed on the sacrificed animals of their brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas, adrenal, small intestine, testis and ovaries. The reulsts were as follows: Group Ⅰ. A mild, moderate, considerable, advanced and far advanced cirrhotic change was observed in subgroups, B.C.D.E and F order. This liver change correlates well with infestation time lapse. In the far advanced cirrhotic rabbits found in group F, ascites and congestive splenomegaly were also present. Other visceral organs were unremakable. Serum chemistry showed a marked falll in serum albumin at the end of 2nd week whereas A/G ratio dropped during 4th week, both serum albumin and A/G ratio persisted to the end of this experiment with continuing low level. Significant rise was noted in beta-globulin cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase, all of which persisted within those high level to the end while the transient rise in serum transaminases returned to normal at the end of 5th week. The thymol turbility did not respond to the liver damage well and kept a low figure thorughout. Group Ⅱ. After 8 weeks of standard treatment with MTPA those cirrhotic rabbits in subgroup F which had shown a moderate to considerable degree of cirrhotic change were found to be restored to normal. This was not only proven by pathologicalstudy but by biochemical study also. The abnormal serum chemistry noted in group Ⅰ returned to normal after treatment with the aforementioned anti-clonorchial agent.

韓國軍 將兵의 腫瘍에 對한 統計的 觀察

鄭東奎,鄭檜敎,芮學聖,鄭相震 경북대학교 의학연구소 1969 慶北醫大誌 Vol.10 No.2

Eighty-seven hundred and sixty five surgical specimens which had been diagnosed as tumor histologically from January 1953 to December 1967 at Medical General Laboratory, were studied statistcally. The most common benign tumor was neurofibroma. The most common malignancy in adult was lymphosarcoma. The next common malignency was tumor arising from stomach origin.

덧나무(민들딱총)의 成分硏究(제1보) : 줄기의 벤젠엑기스에 관하여 On the Benzens Extract of Wood of Sambucus sieboldiana Blume

정동규 숙명여자대학교 1970 藥硏 Vol.6 No.-

The Benzene extract of the Wood of Sambucus Sieboldiana BLUME examined by Akira Yagi kuminhide Mihashi and Takeo Tsukamoto in faculty of Pharmacy, Fukuoka University, Japan. α-Amyrin, β-sitosterol containing campesterol and stigmasterol and a mixture of oleanolie and ursolic acids were isolated, and identified with the aid of gas chromatography.

외대으아리 Clematis brachyura Maximowicz의 成分硏究(第2報)

鄭東奎 淑明女子大學校 1968 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Studies on the constituents of Clematis brachyura Maximowicz ( in the above ground parts: stem, leaf, and flower etc.) In the first reports of studies on the constituents of Clematis brachyura Maximowicz I'd reported for two crystals, i.e. crystal A, the white needless or feathery arystals and crystal B, the yellow needles that they are not glycoside but are free flavonoids. In this experimental study I want to testify these two crystals, at first I'd measured the melting points again. Crystal A are mp.229∼230℃, and B are mp. 274∼275℃ Rhe former mp. are agree with those of dihydrokaempferol analysis, Infrared spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance etc. of two crystals. The above elemental results showed that the molecular formula of crystal A C_15H_12O_6 and B C_15H_10O_5 are agree with those of dihydrokaempferol and kaempferol respectively. Then discussed the IR-spectra patterns, NMR-spectra patterns of these crystals. These discussions showed that crystal A and B are agreeable with dihydrokaempferol and kaempferol to each other. Then I want to prove these, I made several derivatives of two crystals, and discussed IR-spectra patterns, NMR-spectra patterns of these derivatives. They showed that are agree with those dihydrokaempferol and kaempferol. Finally, the results of the above experiments and discussions showed that the crystal A and B are identified to dihydrokaempferol and kaempferol respectively. Well, I want to report this is the first example of dihydrokaempferol are coexisting with kampferol in the same plant, at the same time this is the new example of flavonoids in Ranunculaceae plants. There are growing 36 species of Clematis plants in Korea, and this is also new example of flavonoids among these Clematis.

인터넷과 政治 : 政治關係法을 中心으로

鄭東圭 法務部 商事法務課 2004 선진상사법률연구 Vol.- No.26

본 논문은 인터넷 정치의 이론과 동향을 살펴보고, 개정된 정치관계법을 중심으로 인터넷 정치를 활성화하기 위한 조건과 과제를 탐색해 보고자 한다. 지난 16대 총선을 전후로 정치 분야에 본격적으로 도입된 인터넷은 16대 대선과 17대 총선을 거치면서 온라인 토론, 선거, 투표, 정치자금 모금, 그리고 정당 활동에 이르기까지 다양하게 이용되고 있다. 인터넷의 정치적 활용은 크게 두 가지 효과를 가져다주고 있다. 하나는 그동안 정치에서 수동적 역할에 머물러 있던 시민들의 정치참여를 증대시켜 주고 있으며, 다른 하나는 '고비용 저효율' 구조의 정치를 '저비용 고효율' 구조의 정치로 바꾸어 놓고 있다. 한국에서는 인터넷의 확산이 빠르게 진행되는 환경 속에서, 16대 총선과 대선, 그리고 17대 총선을 거치면서 정당 활동과 선거운동에서 인터넷의 활용이 빠르게 증대되고 있다. 특히 17대 총선을 앞두고 국회에서는 정치관계법을 개정하여 인터넷을 이용한 선거운동을 확대하고, 인터넷 선거운동의 공정성을 보장하였으며, 인터넷을 통한 입당과 탈당을 허용하여 온라인 정당 활동을 활성화 시키고 있고, 정치자금 모금 방법에서 투명성을 강화하였다. 그러나 인터넷 정치가 활성화되기 위해서는 정보격차(digital divide)의 해소, 인터넷 실명제의 효율성 제고, 인터넷 정치 증대에 따른 정책선거 실종 및 감성정치 증대 현상, 정치자금 모금의 실효성 확보 등 법적·제도적 검토가 뒷받침되어야 한다. This paper examines major theories and trends of internet politics, and identifies key conditions and tasks needed to expand internet politics, in the framework of the revised law on political relations. Introduced to the political arena in full scale fcefore the 16th General Election, internet has been extensively utilised for online discussions, election, voting political fund raising, and party activities through the 16th Presidential Election and the 17th General Election. Political use of the internet has brought about two effects: first, it has increased the political participation of citizens, who have hitherto been mostly confined to playing passive roles. Second, it has transformed what has been a "high cost-low efficiency" political structure into that of "low cost-high efficiency." In the context of rapid internet diffusion in Korea, the use of the internet for party activities and election campaigns has been significantly expanded through the 16th General and Presidential Elections and the 17th General Election. In particular, substantial revision has been made on the political relations law at the National Assembly immediately prior to the 17th General Election. The revision allows for extensive election campaigns through the internet and guarantees their fairness. It also strengthens transparency in political fund raising and permits internet party joining and withdrawal for greater party activities. In order to promote internet politics, it is important to reduce the existing digital divide and reinforce internet identification process. Legal and institutional review must also be made to secure political money raising effectiveness, and to address the side effects of internet politics such as lapse of policy considerations in elections and the expansion of emotional politics.

간흡충증의 간세포에 미치는 Hexachlorophene 유도체의 효과에 관한 전자현미경적 연구

정동규 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1975 慶北醫大誌 Vol.16 No.1

저자는 체중 2㎏ 내외의 가토를 사용하여 참붕어의 간흡충 피낭유충을 감염시켜 간세포에 일어나는 변화를 광학 및 전자현미경적으로 관찰하고 아울러 간흡충의 구충제로 알려진 MTPA와 MTMA를 상기한 가토에 투여하여 이와 같은 구조적 변화에 주는 영향을 미세형태학적으로 관찰하여 얻은 성적을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 간흡충 감염 가토의 간장은 육안적으로 미세과립상의 표면을, 광학현미경적으로는 간세포에 공포성 변화, 재생세포의 출현 및 재생결절을 그리고 담관에는 상피의 중식과 염증성 침윤등을 나타내었다. 전자현미경으로는 rER의 확장단열및 ribosome의 탈락, monoribosome의 증가, 그리고 Golgi complex의 의축과 mitochondria에서는 변연의 불규칙 및 cristae의 굴곡등 세포내 단백합성및 energy 생산에 관여하는 소기관에 퇴행성 변화를 그리고 sER의 증식및 glycogen particle의 감소 및 확산등 당대사에 관여하는 소기관들에 주적인 변화를 야기하였다. 그밖의 lipid droplet과 lysosome, 그리고 FCD등의 증가도 있었다. 상기한 변화들은 MTPA나 MTMA를 투여했을 때 약간 경하게 나타나는 경향이었으며 특히 제12주및 16주에서는 대체로 회복되는 양상이었다. 이상의 연구 결과로 보아 간흡충은 간세포에서 주로 단백합성, 에너지생산 및 당대사에 관여하는 소기관에 퇴행성 변화를 일으키며 이러한 변화들은 MTPA나 MTMA를 투여하면 상당히 경미해지는 경향이었다. The author studied the changes of the liver cells of the rabbits experimentaly infected by clonorchis sinensis with the aids of the light and electron microscopes, in addition to the effects of MTPA (3,4,6-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid) and MTMA (3,4,6-trichlorophenoxy methyl propionic acid) on the liver cells of the clnorchis sinensis infested rabbits. The results were summarized as follow: 1. The rabbits liver infested by clonorchis sinensis showed fine granular surface on gross examination. Light microscopially, they showed vacuolar degeneration, appearanee of regenerating cells with formation of regenerating nodules, and hyperplasis and inflammatory infiltration in the biliary system. 2. Electron microscopically, the liver cells showed degenerative changes in the organelles involved in protein synthesis and energy production, such as dilatation fragmentation of rER, increase of monoribosome, atrophy of Golgi complex, and irregularity of margin and distortion of cristae in mitochofdria. Also noted are the changes of organelles involved in glycogen metabolism, such as proliferaation of sER, and decrease and diffusion of glycogen particles. The other changes were increase of lipid droplets, lysosome and FCD of Hruban. These changes were milder in the rabbits treated with MTPA and MTMA. And these changes were considerablly subsided on 12 to 16 weeks after the treatments. 3. Summarizing these results, clonorchiasis induces degenerative changes of organelles involved in protein synthesis, energy production and glygogen metabolism in the liver cells, can be recovered by treatment of MTPA or MTMA.

외대으아리(一名 고칫대꽃)Clematis brachyura Maximowicz의 成分硏究 (第一報)

鄭東奎 淑明女子大學校 1968 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

Clematis brachyura Max. (Ranunculaceae) is woody plant which grows naturally at about 180∼700 metre foot of the mountains throughout Korea except some provinces such as Cholla Buck Do, Chung-Chyong Nam Do, Hamkyong Buck Do. The root of the above plants are crude drugs which are used for gout, the rheumatism and the neuralgia as Diuretica and Analgetica. The determination of Flavone in the aboveground parts of C. brachyura Max. was done by the method of Paris and Cornillean who modified rhe Mg+HCI(Hg)reaction. By this examination isolated two crystals, one is white crystal m.p. 225℃ (decomp.)and the other is yellow crystal m.p. 285℃ (decomp.). The former was the same crystal with "Clematisin", the constituents in leaves of C. brachyura Max. reported by Haw in 1959. The yellow crystals are Raphides, and the solubility with various solvents are same to those of "Clematisin" but the yellow crystals are insoluble with hot water. In Mg+HCI(Hg)reaction "Clematisin" was turned to red while the yellow crystals were turned to orange red colour. When added 10%, 30% 60% Sulfric acid into the yellow crystals and heated for 5 hours, there were no variation. The Ultraviolet absorption curve of recovered yellow results are not different from those of yellow crystals, these fact are shown that the yellow crystals are no hydrolysis. The above examinations exhibited that the yellow crystals are not the Glycoside and are the free flavonoid. In future this study on the yellow crystal and "Clematisin" will continue and determine the chemical structure, the palmacological action of these crystals.

통일 독일의 민족어 통합과정과 표준어 설정 연구

정동규 서울대학교 어학연구소 1996 語學硏究 Vol.32 No.1

Nach der politischen Wende wird der kommunikatine und sprachliche Ausgleich im Zuge des Vereinigungsprozesses fordiert. Aber am 3.10. 1990 sind die Deutschen sprachlich noch nicht wiedervereinigt. Es ist das politische System, das mit dem Beitritt der ehemaligen DDR verschwundenist. Die ehemaligen DDR-Bu¨rger fu¨hren ihre Alltagsleben noch nach wievor. Eigentlich waren sie kein Abwicklungsgegenstand. Im Hinblick auf das sprachliche Zusammenwachsen mu¨ ssen die sprachlichen Besonderheiten der ehemaligen DDR akzeptiert und respektiert werden. Damit kann die 40-ja¨hrigen Entwicklung der Nationalsprache in Ost nicht zu einem gescheiterten Experiment sondern den unterschiedlichen fruchtbaren Erfahrungen fu¨hren.

다층구조 신경망에서 비선형 시그모이드 함수의 Taylor 시리즈 근사화에 의한 랜덤잡음의 비선형 변환

정동규,정규범 우석대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 自然科學硏究論文集 Vol.1 No.-

It is well known that multi-layer feedforward neural networks have the capability of function approximation and pattern recognition through a series of weighted sums and nonlinear transformations. The capability of the network depends upon the set of weights and the characteristics of nonlinear processing units. For the estimating output perturbation in the implementation of the network, it is important to understand the nonlinear transformation of the Sigmoid function. In this paper we analyze the nonlinear transformation of the weighted sum error fed to the function. An approximation of the nonlinear Sigmoid function with nth Taylor series is introduced for the analysis of the statistical noise model. Based on the analysis, the error of the Sigmoid output to the weighted-sum error has been derived. It is assumed that the error in the weighted sum are due to perturbations of the weights and that inputs to the network are statistically independent. The results obtained are expressed with the expectation and variance of output error. And it is applicable to both digital and analog feedforward neural networks with a large sized network, a network with many neurons per layer exception for output layer. For the verification of the derived results computer simulations have been performed, resulting in good agreement between the numerical results and the results of the Taylor approximation of the Sigmoid on the wide range of the weighted sum error.