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전영환,이동근 원광대학교 치의학연구소 1993 圓光齒醫學 Vol.3 No.2
To repair bony defects with transplanted bone in the body, fresh autogenous bone is undoubtly, the most effective bone graft for clinical applications. But the demineralized bone has the matrix-induced bone formation which was suggested by Urist in 1965. Many authors assisted that demineralized bone powder induces phenotypic conversion of mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts, with high-density bone formation. The process of inducing differentiated cells becomes osteogenic properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the osteoinductive capacity of allogenic freeze-dried demineralized bone block (FDD. 7×7㎜) and to compare FDD with the same size of deep-frozen allodeneic bone (DF), fresh autogenous bone (A) after implantation. The histological and ultrastructural features of tissue responses were examined after 1, 2. 4. 6, 8 weeks implantation of each experimental groups in the operative site of the New Zealand white rabbits. The results were as follows : 1. Inflammatory cell infiltration generally has appeared at 1 week, but reduced at 4 weeks in each group, but most severe in DF group. 2. Osteoblastic activity has increased for 4 weeks, but decreased at 6 weeks in each group and there was no significant difference among experimental groups. 3. New bone formation has begun at 1 week, least activations in A groups, and showed the reversal line of bone formation among each group at 6 to 8 weeks. 4. Bone resorption has appeared at 1 week, but disappeared at 4 weeks in both A and DF groups, but more severe in DF than A groups. 5. In ultrastructural changes, the DF group have showed the most remarkable osteoclastic activities among the experimental groups. 6. Osteoid or tangled collagen fibrils near the implanted sites were replaced by more mature, lamellated bony trabeculae during bone remodeling. There was little difference among each experimental groups. 7. During the convertion osteoblasts to osteocyte which embedded within the bone matrix, there was organless-poor cytoplasm, increased nuclear chromatin, abundant rough endothelial reticulum (RER) in each groups. From the above the findings, the DF group showed more bone resorption and foreign body reaction than FDD and A groups, and FDD group showed more new bone formation or osteoblastic activity than DF and A groups in early stage. There was no significant difference of cellular activities among the FDD, DF, and A groups according to the time.
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콜센터 서비스 품질 측정 모형의 개선: CALLPERF - SERVPERF 모형, ANTON 모형의 비교 분석 -
전영환,정기주,유석용 전북대학교 산업경제연구소 2017 아태경상저널 Vol.9 No.3
SERVPERF Model has been used widely to measure service quality in many industries, but the ‘tangible’ dimension has been found not a suitable variable in the call center environment. However, the study of Anton et al.(1997), developed in call center environment, suggests call center service quality as accessibility, interaction, answer dimensions. Seo Hyo-young et al.(2013) showed that by replacing SERVPERF’ tangible dimension with Anton et al.(1997)’ accessibility, the modified new model indicated higher explanatory power than SERVPERF. In this study, we compared the effects of SERVPERF and Anton et al.(1997) on customer satisfaction in a call center environment. and created a new model by adding reliability and assurance dimensions to Anton et al.(1997)(so-called CALLPERF), and found to be the best among the models compared (SERVPERF, Anton et al., Seo Hyo-young et al.). The CALLPERF consisting of five dimensions: accessibility, interaction, answer, reliability, and assurance, also was best in the predictive accuracy and predictive fitness of the four compared models. SERVPERF 모형은 많은 산업 분야에서 서비스 품질을 측정하는데 광범위하게 사용 되었으나, 콜센터 환경에서 ‘유형성’ 차원이 적합하지 않은 변수로 나타났다. 반면에 콜센터 환경에서 개발된 Anton et al.(1997)의 연구는 콜센터 서비스 품질을 접근성, 상호작용, 응답성으로 제시한다. 서효영 등(2013)은 SERVPERF를 Anton et al.(1997)의 새로운 변수로 대체하여(접근성 차원을 추가) 수정된 모형이 SERVPERF 보다 높은 설명력을 보임을 입증하였다. 본 연구에서는 콜센터 환경에서 SERVPERF와 Anton et al.(1997)이 제시한 차원들이 고객만족에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 비교 조사하고, 나아가 이 두 모형을 결합한 새로운 차원을 추가하여 콜센터 서비스 품질측정에 있어 기존 모델들보다 설명력이 높은 측정모형을 발견하였다. 연구자들은 5가지 차원인 접근성, 상호작용, 응답성, 신뢰성, 확신성으로 구성된 대안 모형을 CALLPERF로 명명하여 제안했다. 연구결과 4가지 비교 모형의 예측 정확도와 예측 적합도를 비교 했으며, 제안된 대안 모형이 가장 좋은(적합한) 모형임을 확인하였다.
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직렬 전압주입에 의한 순간전압강하 보상기기에 관한 연구
전영환,김지원,전진홍 한국에너지학회 2001 에너지공학 Vol.10 No.4
동일한 변압기에서 인출된 서로 다른 선로중 하나의 선로에서 고장이 발생하는 경우 다른 선로에서는 순간적인 전압강하 현상을 경험하게 된다. 이렇게 발생되는 순간전압강하 현상은 비록 선로의 계전기에 의해 사고가 제거되기까지의 짧은 기간동안 지속되지만 기기에 따라서는 막대한 피해를 유발할 수 있다. 예로서, 반도체 공장의 정밀 공정중 순간전압강하가 발생하면 공정이 중단되거나 공정의 재시작등으로 인하여 a가대한 경제적 손실을 유발하게 된다. 또한 각종 정밀기기 등에는 기기의 수명저하를 유발하기도 한다. 본 논문에서는 전력계통에 직렬로 연결되는 인버터 시스템을 이용하여 계통에 전압을 주입함으로서 순간전압강하를 보상할 수 있는 시스템에 관하여 연구하고 운전 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통하여 제시한 운전알고리즘의 유효성을 입증하였다. The instantaneous voltage drop is occurred when the fault is happened on the nearby feeders. The instantaneous voltage drop is continued during relatively short period. But, the effect of it can be very severe to some sensitive devices. That is, it can be the reason of restart or malfunction of some devices. And these phenomenons can cause the enormous economical damage and shorten the lifetime of the devices. In this paper the device which can compensate the instantaneous voltage drop, is studied. The device injects the voltage to the power system through the series transformer. The validity of the proposed algorithm using peak detection method is verified through the computer simulation and experiments.
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