二面交雜에 依한 家蠶의 몇가지 計量形質의 組合能力分析

長昌植,孫海龍,金洛相 한국잠사학회 1986 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.28 No.2

The general combining ability (GCA), the specific combining ability (SCA) and the reciprocal combining ability (RCA) effects were obtained by 8 X 8 diallel crosses of the silkworms with four Japanese races and four Chinese races, total eight lines. The results are as follows: 1. The general combining ability (GCA) effects appeared high significant level in the total and the fifth instar periods (TP, FP), a female and a male cocoon weights (FW, MW), a female and a male cocoon layer weights (FL, ML) and a female and a male cocoon layer ratios (FR, MR). Only the reciprocal combining ability (RCA) effects appeared high significant level in the total and the fifth instar periods (TP, FP). 2. The Japanese original silkworm lines varied in the general combining ability effects from -0.864 to 0.578, and the Chinese original silkworm lines did in ones from -0.570 to 1.018. 3. The specific combining ability effects of the silkworm lines made in order of the crossing types of JL (Japanese lines) X CJ, (Chinese lines)>CL X JL>JL X JL>CL X CL in a total cocoon weights and a cocoon layer weights. 4. The reciprocal combining ability effects of the silkworm lines was in order of the crossing types of JL X CL>JL X JL>CL X CL>CL X JL in a total cocoon weights and cocoon layer weights.

인공사료잠의 에탄올 噴霧時의 計量形質의 遺傳力과 共相關分析

張昌植 密陽産業大學校 農業技術開發硏究所 1999 農業技術開發硏究所報 Vol.3 No.3

백옥잠을 누에인공사료로 치잠기에 사육중 자연적으로 발생한 누룩곰팡이에 감염된 누에를 젓가락으로 제거하고 60% 에탄올을 뿌린 표준구(CSB)와 제거하지 않고 60% 에탄올을 뿌린 처리구(6TSB)와 70% 에탄올을 뿌린 처리구(7TSB)에서 누에의 각종 계량형질의 유전력과 공상관 즉 표현형상관과 유전형상관이 어떻게 발현되는가를 분석하여 보면 다음과 같다. 1. 인공사료육을 한 누에의 각 형질의 적합성 판정기준 털떨이비율, 2령, 3령의 각 기잠 비율은 잠사곤충연구소의 인공사료 합격판정 기준보다 크게 나와서 털떨이비율, 2령기잠비율 및 3령기잠비율은 물론이고 4령과 5령의 각 기잠비율과 화용비율의 성적이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 2. 遺傳力 2.1.1 표준구(CSB)와 60% 에탄올 처리구(6TSB)의 각 유전력. (1) 치잠기에는 각 털떨이수량의 각 유전력과 처리구의 3령기잠수량의 유전력이 負의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었다. 장잠기의 각 처리구별 각 형질별의 유전력은 유의성을 나타내지 않았다. 각구별 각형질별로 장잠기에는 무유의성이었다. (2) 雌繭에서 표준구의 전견중의 유전력만이 負의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었고, 다른 형질의 유전력은 無유의성이었다. (3) 雄繭에서 표준구의 전견중의 유전력은 負의 방향으로 표준구의 견층비율의 유전력은 正의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었고, 다른 유전력은 無유의성을 나타내었다. 2.1.2. 표준구와 70% 에탄올 처리구(7TSB)의 각 유전력. (1) 치잠기에는 표준구와 처리구(7TSB)의 각 털떨이수량, 표준구의 2령기잠수량 및 처리구의 3령기잠수량의 유전력은 負의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었다. 장잠기에는 兩區에서 각 화용수량만 負의 방향으로 유의서을 나타내었다. (2) 雌繭에서 표준구의 전견중의 유전력만이 負의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었고, 다른 형질의 유전력은 無유의성이었다. (3) 雄繭에서 70% 에탄올 처리구(7TSB)에서 털떨이수량, 표준구의 견층중의 유전력이 負의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었고, 표준구의 견층비율의 유전력은 正의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었다. 2.1.3. 60% 에탄올 처리구(6TSB)와 7% 에탄올 처리구(7TSB)의 각 유전력. (1) 치잠기에는 처리구(7TSB)의 2령기잠수량의 유전력만 無유의성이며, 처리구(6TSB)와 처리구(7TSB)의 털떨이수량, 처리구(7TSB)의 2령기잠수량, 처리구(6TSB)와 처리구(7TSB)의 3령기잠수량의 유전력은 負의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었다. 장잠기에는 각구별 각형질별 유전력은 모두가 負의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었다. (2) 雌繭에서 70% 에탄올 처리구(7TSB)의 전견중과 견층중의 유전력만이 負의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었고, 다른 형질의 유전력은 無유의성이었다. (3) 雄繭에서 60% 에탄올 처리구(6TSB)의 전견중의 유전력은 正의 방향으로 60% 에탄올 처리구(6TSB)(의 견층중과 70% 에탄올 처리구(7TSB)의 견층비율의 유전력이 負의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었고, 다른 유전력은 無유의성을 나타내었다. 3. 共相關 3.1.1. 표준구와 60% 에탄올 처리구(6TSB)간의 공상관(표현형, 유전형) (1) 치잠기에는 전견중의 표현형상관이 正의 방향으로 나타났고 장잠기에는 표준구와 처리구(6TSB)간에 5령기잠수량과 화용수량의 표현형상관이 正의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었다. 표준구와 60% 에탄올 처리구(6TSB)간의 각 형질의 유전형상관은 無상관으로 나타났다. (2) 雌繭의 각 형질의 표현형상관은 無유의성으로 나타났고, 이들의 유전형상관도 無상관으로 나타났다. (3) 雄繭의 각 형질의 표현형상관은 전경중만 負의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었고, 이들 형질의 유전형상관은 無상관을 나타내었다. 3.1.2. 표준구(CSB)와 70% 에탄올 처리구(7TSB)간의 공상관(표현형, 유전형) (1) 치잠기에는 전견중과 3령기잠수량의 표현현상관이 正의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었고, 장잠기에는 4령기잠수량 및 화용수량의 유전력이 正의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었다. 표준구와 60% 에탄올 처리구(6TSB)간의 각 형질의 유전형상관은 無상관으로 나타났다. (2) 雌繭의 각 형질은 표현형상관은 無유의성으로 나타났고, 이들의유전형상관은 無상관으로 나타났다. (3) 雄繭의 각 형질의 표현형상관은 전견중만 유의성을 나타내었고, 이들 형질의 유전형상관은 無상관을 나타내었다. 3.1.3. 60% 에탄올 처리구(6TSB)와 70% 에탄올 처리구(7TSB)간의 공상관(표현형, 유전형). (1) 치잠기에는 털떨이수량, 2령기잠수량 및 3령기잠수량의 표현형상관이 正의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었다. 장잠기에는 4령기잠수량의 표현형상관은 負의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었고, 5령기잠수량과 화용수량의 표현형상관은 正의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었다. 60% 에탄올 처리구(6TSB)와 70% 에탄올 처리구(7TSB)간에서 각 형질의 유전형상관은 無유의성으로 나타났다. (2) 雌繭의 각 형질의 표현형상관은 전견중은 正의 방향으로, 견층중은 負의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었고, 이들 유전형상관은 無상관으로 나타났다. (3) 雄繭의 각 형질의 표현형상관은 견층중만 正의 방향으로 유의성을 나타내었고, 이들 각 형질의 유전형상관은 無상관으로 나타났다. It was experimented to compare with three rearing methods by the silkworm artificial diet feeding among the control silkworm rearing block(=CSB) spraied 60% ethanol after the disease silkworm larvae remove, the treated silkworm rearing block(=6TSB) spraied 60% ethanol on the disease silkworm larvae, & the treated silkworm rearing block(=7TSB) spraied 70% ethanol on the disease silkworm larvae for young silkworm larvae period in the silkworm rearing room(sample variety: Baekocjam, Bombyx mori L.) There was examined to the silkworm larvae to be infected bacteria or Aspergilosis in the natural occurrence. The quantitative traits were treated statistics to obtain the heritability and the covariance relation(the phenotype or the genotype). The results are as follow: 1. The adaptive adjudge basis of each silkworm traits in the silkworm artificial diet feeding for 1st-3rd instar. It had appeared more effect to the bristling percentage and 2nd and 3rd's each newly exuviated silkworm larvae percentage than the adaptive adjudge basis. 2. The heritability 2.1. The heritability in the quantitative traits on the CSB and 60% ethanol treated 6TSB. (1) It was appeared 5% significant level to the heritability of the negative direction in the bristling heads(on the CSB & the 6TSB) & 3rd newly exuviated silkworm larvae(on the 6TSB). The heritability of the grown silkworm(4th-5th instar) was appeared non-significant level. (2) In the female cocoon, It was appeared 1% significant level to the heritability in the negative direction in the whole cocoon weight(on the CSB). The other heritabilities(both CSB & 6TSB) was appeared non-significant level. (3) In the male cocoon, Its were appeared 1% significant level to the heritability of the negative direction int he total cocoon weight(on the CSB) & the one of the positive direction in the cocoon shell weight percentage(on the CSB). 2.2. The heritability in the quantitative traits on the CSB and 70% ethanol treated 7TSB. (1) Its were appeared 1% significant level to the heritability of the negative direction in the bristling heads(both the CSB & the 7TSB), 2nd instar newly exuviated silkworm larvae quantity(on the CSB) & 3rd instar newly exuviated silkworm larvae quantity(on the 7TSB) for the young silkworm period. It was appeared 1% significant level to the heritability in the negative direction in the pupution heads(both the CSB & the 7TSB) the grown silkworm(4th-5th instar). (2) It was appeared 1% significant level to the heritability in the negative direction in the total cocoon weight(on the CSB). The other heritabilities(both CSB & 7TSB) was appeared non-significant level. (3) Its were appeared 1% significant level to the heritability of the negative direction in total cocoon weight(on the 7TSB) & to one of the positive direction in the cocoon layer weight ratio(on the CSB). 2.3. The heritability in the quantitative treats in 60% ethanol treated 6TSB & 70% ethanol treated 7TSB. (1) Its were appeared 1% significant level to the heritability of the negative direction in the bristling heads(both the 6TSB & the 7TSB), 2nd instar newly exuviated silkworm larvae quantity(on the 7TSB) & 3rd instar newly exuviated silkworm larvae quantity(both the 6TSB & the 7TSB) for the young silkworm period. It was appeared 1% significant level to the heritabiity in the negative direction in the pupution heads(both the CSB & the 7TSB) the grown silkworm(4th-5th instar). (2) In female cocoon, It was appeared 1% significant level to the heritability in the negative direction in the total cocoon weight(female cocoon, on the CSB). The other heritabilities(the female cocoon, on the CSB & the 7TSB) was appeared non-significant level. (3) In the male cocoon, Its were appeared 1% significant level to the heritability of the negative direction in the total cocoon weight(on the 6TSB) & in the cocoon layer weight percentage(on the 7TSB). 3. Covariance 3.1. The covariance(phenotype, genotype) between on the CSB and 60^ ethanol treating on the 6TCB. (1) It was appeared significant level to the phenotypic relation in the positive direction on the total cocoon weight for the young silkworm period. It were significant level to the phenotypic relation in the positive direction in 5th instar exuviated larvae quantity & the pupation heads for the grown silkworm period. It was appeared non-significant level to the genotypic relation in all trait. (2) Int eh female cocoon, it was appeared non-significant level to the phenotypic relation & the genotypic relation on the CW, SW &, SP, (3) In the male cocoon, it was appeared significant level to the phenotypic relation in the total cocoon weight, but to be non-significant level to the genotypic relation on the CW,SW &, SP, 3.2. The covariance (phenotype, genotype) between on the CSB and 70% ethanol 7TCB. (1) It was appeared significant level to the phenotypic relation in the positive direction on the total cocoon weight & 3rd instar exuviated larvae quantity for the young silkworm period. It were significant level to the weight & 3rd instar exuviated larvae quantity for the young silkworm period. It were significant level to the phenotypoic relation in the positive direction in 4th instar exuviated larvae quantity & the pupation heads for the grown silkworm period. It was appeared non-siginificant level to the genotypic relation on the CW, SW &, SP. (2) In the female cocoon, it was appeared non-siginificant level to the phenotypic relation & the genotypic relation on the CW, SW &, SP. (3) In the male cocoon, it was appeared siginificant level to the pahenotypic relation in the total cocoon weight, but to be non-significant level to the genotypic relation on the CW, SW &, SP, 3.3. the covariance(phenotype, genotype) between 60% ethanol treated 6TSB and 70% ethanol treated 7TCB, (1) It was appeared significant level to the phenotypic relation in the positive direction on the bristling heads, 2rd instar exuviated silkworm larvae quantity & 3rd instar exuviated silkworm larvae quantity for the young silkworm period. It were significant level to the phenotypic relation in the negative direction in 4th instar exuviated silkworm larvae quantity for the grown silkworm period, significant level to the phenotypic relation in the positive direction in 5th instar exuviated silkworm larvae quantity & the pupation heads. It was appeared non-significant level to the genotypic relation on the CW, SW &, SP. (2) In the female cocoon, it was appeared significant level to the phenotypic relation in the positive direction in the total cocoon weight, in the negative direction in the ocoon layer weight. It was appeared non-significant level to the genotypic relation on the CW, SW &, SP. (3) In male cocoon, it was appeared significant level to the phenotypic relation in the cocoon layer weight, but to be non-significant level to the genotypic relation on the CW, SW &, SP

3차원 컨테이너 적재 문제를 위한 발견적 해법

장창식,강맹규 한국산업경영시스템학회 2005 한국산업경영시스템학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.추계

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二面交雜에 依한 家蠶의 몇가지 實用形質의 遺傳變異와 組合能力 分析

長昌植,孫海龍 한국잠사학회 1985 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.27 No.2

The genetic variances and combinding abiliy of the some useful characters were analyzd on sixty four combinations in the 8 X 8 diallel cross using the four Japanese races(Jam 1()7, Jam 113, Jam 117 and Jam 119) and the four Chinese races(Jam 108, Jam 114, Jam 118 and Jam 120). The eight quantitative characters were the total larval stage period(TP), the fifth larval instar period(FP), the female cocoon total weight(FW), the male cocoon total weight(MW), the female cocoon layer weight(FL), the male cocoon layer weight(ML), the female cocoon layer ratio(FR), and the male cocoon layer ratio(MR). The results were as follows: The analysis of the genetic variance and the combining ability in the TP and the FP. In TP and FP, h3N was less than h2B. The GCA, SCA and RCA were at a high significant level. JIl/D and (Hl/D)1/2 were large. The heterosis were small minus. E and D were large. The r was in the positive direction, because the recessive genes were mainly expressed as a short rearing periods. The regressions of the characters were passed below 0 point, brcause the characters in the TP and the FP were appeared overdominant. Tlle order of the dominance in the TP of the parents were in the orders of Jam 119>Jam 113>Jam 117>Jam 108>Jam 120>Jam 114>Jam 107>Jam 118, and that in the FP of the parents were followed in the orders of Jam 117>Jam 113>Jam 108>Jam 114>Jam 119>Jam 107>Jam 120>Jam 118. The analysis of the genetic variance and the combining ability of the FW and the MW. In the FW and the MW, h2N was less than h2B. The GCA and SCA were large but RCA was little. Hl/D and (IIl/D)1/2 in the parents were large. Heterosis was large. E was appeared large in the FW, and small in the MW. D was small. The r was of the minus direction, because the dominance genes were less expressed. The regression of the these characters were padded below 0 point, because the characters in FW and MW were appeared overdominant. The orders of the dominance in the FW of the parents were as the order of Jam 107>Jam 108>Jam 119>Jam 113>Jam 114>Jam 120>Jam 117>Jam 118, and in the MW of them in the order of Jam 114>Jam 120>Jam 108>Jam 113>Jam 107>Jam 119>Jam 117>Jam 118.

진행성 요로상피암에서 Gemcitabine과 Cisplatin 병합요법의 혈액학적 독성

장창식,조진선,이상곤,이영구,양대열,김성용,홍창희,정병수 대한비뇨의학회 2003 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.44 No.7

가잠의 인공사료육시 절식시수와 표준에 따른 가잠 계량 형질의 경로계수의 분석 : 1. 사육기간과 견 형질을 중심으로 1. On the Center to the Duration of Silkworm Feeding and Cocoon traits

장창식 密陽産業大學校 農業技術開發硏究所 1999 農業技術開發硏究所報 Vol.3 No.3

가잠의 표준 인공사료육에 의한 표준구와 각 영별 즉 1령, 2령, 3령, 4령, 5령 각각 1일째, 5령 2일째 그리고 5령 3일째 24시간 절식시킨 각각을 처리구로 하였다. 형질의 조사는 털떨이율;BPP, 1령기간;1F, 2령기간, 2F, 3령기간;3F, 4령기간;4F, 5령기간;5F, 전령기간,TF, 감잠비율;;MP, 전견중;CW, 견층중;SW 및 견층비율;SP의 13개이다. 이들 형질의 발현경로중에 환경요인을 제거한 순수한 유전력만 발현한 경로계수를 내여 표준구와 처리구중에서 나타나는 유전력의 발현력을 분석하여 보았다. 또한 표준구와 처리구별로 가장 직접 또는 간접으로 유전력을 크게 발현한 경로계수를 산출하여 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. @1. 직접경로계수를 발현한 형질 @1.1. 전견중;CW, 견층중;SW 및 견층비율;SP이 표준구, 1령1일째절식구, 2령1일째절식구, 3령1일째절식구, 4령1일째절식구, 5령1일째절식구, 3령1일째절식구, 5령3일째절식구에서 크게 증가 또는 감소시킨 직접 경로계수를 발현한 형질을 알아 보면 다음과 같다. @1.1.1. 전견중;CW을 크게 증가시킨 직접 경로계수를 발현한 첫 번째 형질은 처리구중 3령1일째절식구중에서 털떨이율;BP, 1령기간;1F 및 견층중;SW의 4개 이였으며, 두 번째로는 표준구의 털떨이율;BP, 감잠비율;MP 및 견층중;SW의 3개 이였으며, 세 번째로는 처리구중 4령1일째절식구의 1령기간;1F의 1개 형질 이였다. @1.1.2. 전견중;CW을 크게 감소시킨 직접 경로계수를 발현한 첫 번째 형질은 처리구중 4령1일째절식구중에서 털떨이율;BP, 3령기간;3F 및 견층중;SW의 3개 형질이였으며, 두 번째로는 처리구중 3령1일째절식구의 3령기간;3F의 1대 형질이였으며, 세 번째로는 처리구중 2령1일재절식구중의 견층비율;SP 1개 형질이였다. @1.2.1. 견층중;SW을 크게 증가시키는 직접 경로계수를 발현한 형질은 첫 번째로 처리구중 4령1일째절식구중에서 털떨이율;BP, 1령기간;1F 및 3령기간;3F의 3개 형질이였으며, 두 번째로는 표준구의 감잠비율;SP 1개 형질이였다. @1.2.2. 견층중;SW을 크게 감소시키는 직접 경로계수를 발현한 형질은 나타나지 않았다. @1.3.1. 견층비율;SP을 크게 증가시키는 직접 경로계수를 발현한 형질은 첫 번째로 표준구중의 1령기간;1F 1개 형질이였으며, 두 번째로는 퍼리구중의 5령2일째절식구중의 5령1일째절식구중의 견층중;SW 1개 형질이었다. @1.3.2. 견층비율;SP을 크게 감소시키는 직접 경로계수를 발현한 형질은 첫 번째로 표준구중의 털떨이율;BP, 2령기간;1F, 3령기간;3F, 4령기간;4F, 감잠비율;MP 및 전견중;CW의 6개 형질이였으며, 두 번째로는 처리구중의 5령1일째절식구중의 4령기간;4F 및 견층중;SW 2개 형질이었다. @2. 간접경로계수를 발현한 형질 @2.2. 전견중;CW, 견층중;SW 및 견층비율;SP이 표준구, 1령1일째절식구, 2령1일째절식구, 3령1일째절식구, 4령1일째절식구, 5령1일째절식구, 5령2일째절식구, 5령3일째절식구에서 크게 증가 또는 감소시킨 간접 경로계수를 발현한 형질을 알아 보면 다음과 같다. @2.1.1. 전견중;CW을 크게 증가시키는 큰 간접 경로계수를 발현하는 데 가장 많이 상관된 형질은 첫 번째로 표준구중의 털떨이율(BPX3개), 감잠비율(MPx5개) 및 견ㅊ으중(SWx4개) 합계12개 형질이며, 두 번째로는 처리구중 4령1일째절식구중의 털떨이율(BPx5개) 및 견층중(SWx4개) 합계12개 형질이며, 두 번째로는 처리구중 4령1일째절식구중의 털떨이율(BPx6개), 1령기간(1Fx5개), 3령기간(3Fx2개) 및 견층중(SWx1개) 합계14개 형질이였다. @2.1.2. 전견중;CW을 크게 감소시키는 큰 간접 경로계수를 발현하는데 가장 많이 상관된 형질은 첫 번째로 표준구중의 털떨이율(BPx4개), 감잠비율(MPx4개) 및 견층중(SWx2개) 합계10개의 형질이였고, 두 번째로는 처리구중 2령1일째절식구 및 3령1일째절식구의 각 견층비율(SPx1개) 합계2개 형질 나타났다. @2.2.1. 견층중;SW을 크게 증가시킨 큰 간접 경로계수를 발현하는 데 가장 많이 상관된 형질은 첫 번째로 표준구중 감잠비율(MPx4개)의 형질들이며 두 번째로는 처리구중의 4령1일째절식구중의 털떨이율(BPx1개) 및 1령기간(1Fx1개) 합계 2개 형질이었다. @2.2.2. 견층중;SW을 감소시킨 큰 간접 경로계수를 발현하는 데 가장 많이 상관된 형질은 첫 번째로 처리구중 4령1일째절식구에서 털떨이율(BPx7개) 1령기간(1Fx2개) 및 3령기간(3Fx1개) 합계10 형질이 나타났고, 두 번째로는 표준구중 감잠비율(MPx4개)의 형질들이였다. @2.3.1. 견층비율;SP을 크게 증가시킨 큰 간접 경로계수를 발현하는 데 가장 많이 상관된 형질은 첫 번째로 표준구중 털떠링율(BPx5개), 1령기간(1Fx4개), 2령기간(2Fx4개), 3령기간(3Fx5개), 4령기간(4Fx5개), 전령기간(TFx4개), 감잠비율(MPx4개), 전견중(CWx5개) 및 견층중(SWx4개) 합계 40개 형질들이며 두 번째로는 처리구중의 5령1일째절식구중의 전견중(CWx2개) 및 견층중(SWx7개) 합계 9개 형질이었다. @2.3.2. 견층비율;SP을 크게 감소시킨 큰 간접 경로계수를 발현하는 데 가장 많이 상관된 형질은 첫 번째로 표준구중 털떨이율(BPx4개), 1령기간(1Fx5개), 2령기간(2Fx5개), 3령기간(3Fx4개), 4령기간(4Fx3개), 전령기간(TFx5개), 감잠비율(MPx5개), 전견중(CWx4개) 및 견층중(SWx5개) 합계40 형질이 나타났고, 두 번째로는 처리구중 4령기간(4Fx1개), 전견중(CWx7개) 및 견층중(SWx2개) 합계 10개 형질들이였고, 세 번째로는 처리구중 2령1일째절식구중 견층중(SWx1개) 1개이였다. The silkworms was reared by the standard artificial diet rearing method for the total feeding period. The control block(CB) was reared the standard artificial diet method. The treat block(TB) was starved for 24 hour at each lst day of 1st instar feeding period; 21F, one of 2nd instar feeding period; 32F, one of 3rd instar feeding period; 43F, one of 4th instar feeding period; 54F, one of 5th instar feeding period; 65, 2nd day of 5th instar feeding period; 65F, 3rd day of 5th instar feeding period; 54F to the standard artificial diet method. The measured traits were 1BP; the brisling percentage, 21F; 1st instar feeding period), 32F; 2nd instar feeding period), 43F; 3rd instar feeding period), 54F; 4th instar feeding period), 65F; 5th instar feeding period, 7TF; the duration of total feeding period, 8CW; the female whole cocoon weight, 9fLW; the female cocoon shell weight, 10fSP; the percentage of the female cocoon shell weight, 11mCW; the male whole cocoon weight, 12mSW; the male cocoon shell weight, 13mSP; the percentage of the male cocoon shell weight, total 13 each. The path coefficient was analyzed only the genotype factor except the phenotype factor on the traits. It analyzed to the manifestation on the direct effect of the path coefficient (DEPC). (s. =starving) 1.1. The whole cocoon weight(CW) was increased big by the DEPC of the bristling percentage(BP), lst instar feeding period(1F), 3rd instar feeding period(3F) and the cocoon shell weight(SW) on the 1st day 3rd instar s. of the TB, by the one of the bristling percentage(BP), the missing silkworm larvae percentage(MP) and the cocoon shell weight on the CB, by the one of 1st instar period(1F) of the 1st day 4th instar s. of the TB. 1.1.2. The whole cocoon weight(CW) was decreased big by the DEPC of the bristling percentage(BP), 3rd instar feeding period(3F) and the cocoon shell weight(SW) on 1st day 4th instar s. of the cocoon shell weight percentage(SP) on 1st day 2nd instar s. of the TB. 1.2.1. The cocoon shell weight(SW) was increased big by the DEPC of the bristling percentage(BP), 1st instar feeding period(1F) and 3rd instar feeding perioc(3F) on 1st day 4th instar s. of the TB, by the one of the missing silkworm larvae percentage(MP) on the CB. 1.2.2. The cocoon shell weight(SW) was not decreased big by the DEPC of the traits on the CB and the TB. 1.3.1. The cocoon shell weight percentage(SP) was increased big by the DEPC of instar feeding period(1F) on the CB, by the one of the cocoon shell weight(SW) on the CB, by the one of the cocoon shell weight(SW) on 2nd day 5th instar s. of the TB. 1.3.2. The cocoon shell weight percentage(SP) was decreased big by the DEPC of the bristling percentage(BP), 2nd instar feeding period(2F), 3rd instar feeding period(3F), 4th instar feeding pereiod(4F), the missing silkworm larvae percentage(MP) and the whole cocoon weight(CW) on the CB, by the one of 4th instar feeding period(4F) and the cocoon shell weight(SW) on 1st day 5th instar s. of the TB. 2. The trait manifestation on the indirect effect of the path coefficient (= IDEPC). 2.0. It is as follows traits these were increased big or decreased big the IDEPC of the whole cocoon weight(CW), the cocoon shell weight(SW) and the cocoon shell weight percentage(SP) on the CB and the TB (1st day 1st instar s., 1st day 2nd instar s., 1st day 3rd instar s. 1st day 4th instar s., 1st day 5th instar 2nd day 5th instar s. and 3rd day 5th instar s.). 2.1.1. The whole cocoon weight(CW) was increased big by the IDEPC to be big related to traits; the bristling percentage(BPx3 each), the missing silkworm larvae percentage(MPx5 each) and the cocoon shell eight(SWx4 each) total 12 each on the CB, by the IDEPC to be big related to the one of the bristling percentage(BPx6 each), 1st instar feeding period(1Fx5 each) 3rd instar feeding period(3Fx2 each) and the cocoon shell weight(SWx1 each) total 14 each on 1st day 4th instar s. of the TB. 2.1.2. The whole cocoon weight(CW) was decreased big by the IDEPC to be big related to traits; the bristling percentage(BPx4 each), the missing silkworm larvae percentage(MPx4 each) and the cocoon shell weight(SWx2 each) total 2 each on 1st day 2nd instar s. & 1st day 3rd instar s. of the TB. 2.2.1. The cocoon shell weight(CW) was increased big by the IDEPC to be big related to traits; the missing silkworm larvae percentage(MPx4 each)total 4 on the CB, by the IDEPC to be related to the one of the bristling percentage(BPx1 each) and 1st instar feeding period(1Fx1 each) total 2 each on 1st day 4th instar s. of the TB. 2.2.2. The cocoon shell weight(SW) was decreased big by the IDEPC to be big related to traits; the bristling(BPx7 each), 1st instar feeding period(1Fx2 each) and 3rd instar feeding period(3Fx1 each) total 10 each on the TB, by the IDEPC to be big related to the one; the missing silkworm larvae percentage(MPx4 each) total 4 each on the CB. 2.3.1. The cocoon shell weight percentage(SP) was increased big by the IDEPC to be big related to traits; the bristling percentage(BPx5 each), 1st instar feeding period(1Fx4 each), 2nd instar feeding period(2Fx4 each), 3rd instar feeding period(3DFx5 each), 4th instar feeding period(4Fx5 each), total instar feeding period(TFx4 each), the missing silkworm larvae percentage(MPx4 each), the whole cocoon weight(CWx5 each) and the cocoon shell weight(CWx2 each) and the cocoon shell weight(SWx7 each) total 9 each on 1st day 5th instar s. of the TB. 2.3.2. The cocoon shell weight percentage(SP) was decreased big by the IDEPC to be big related to traits; the bristling percentage(BPx4 each), 1st instar feeding period(1Fx5 each), 2nd instar feeding period(2Fx5 each), 3rd instar feeding period(3Fx4 each), 4th instar feeding period(4Fx3 each), total instar feeding period(TFx5 each) the missing silkworm larvae percentage(MPx5 each), the whole cocoon weight(CWx7 each) and the cocoon shell weight(SWx5 each) total 40 each on the CB, by the IDEPC to be big related to the one; the cocoon shell weight(SWx1 each) total 1 each on 1st day 2nd instar of the TB.

기업의 VI(Visual Identity)시스템과 OVI(Open Visual Identity)시스템 융합에 대한 연구 현대중공업 사례를 바탕으로

장창식 한국상품문화디자인학회 2015 상품문화디자인학연구 Vol.43 No.-

오늘날 기업의 아이덴티티 유지에 대한 중요성과 필요성은 널리 인식되어 있는 상태지만, 아이덴티티의 범위를 CI(Corporation Identity)와 BI(Brand Identity)로 한정하고 있는 경우가 많다. 그러나 아이덴티티 시스템은 기업의 이미지를 표상하는 모든 것에 서 정립되어야 하며 그중 대표적인 것이 시각적아이덴티티, 즉 VI(Visual Identity)이다. 현대중공업은 총 6개사업본부(조선사업본부, 해양․플랜트사업본부, 엔진기계사업본부, 전기전자시스템사업본부, 그린에너지 사업본부, 건설장비사업본부)로 구성된 기업으로서, 조직이 거대해짐에 따라 각 사업본부가 독자적인 마케팅구조를 가지고 있다. 각각의 사업본부는 필요에 따라 브로슈어, 카탈로그, 판촉물 등 여러 가지 제작물을 제작하고 있으나 전체적인 아이 덴티티의 통일성이나 그룹 이미지 제고와는 관련없이 이루어지는 경우가 많다. VIS(Visual Identity System)의 확립은 각 사업부를 현대중공업이라는 큰 틀안에서 아이덴티티를 유지하고 체계적인 마케팅을 진행할 수 있는 기준이 되어줄 것이다. 또한, 현대중공업이라는 아이덴티티를 유지하면서도 각 사업부들의 운영에 불편함이 없도록 OVIS(Open Visual Identity System)을 함께 도입하고자 한다. 현대중공업 VIS의 개발은 국내외 사례를 바탕으로 한 디자인 트렌드 조사를 기반으로 현대중공업의 이미지와 사업 분야 등 기업이미지와 상응하는 것으로 정하였으며, 이를 통해 현대중공업의 각 사업본부는 현대중공업그룹의 브랜드파워를 효 과적으로 활용할 수 있게 될 것이다. 특히 이번 연구를 통해 도입된 VI 시스템과 OVI시스템의 융합은 아이덴티티의 영역을 넓히고 국내 기업들의 성장을 돕는 좋은 사례가 될 것이며, 추후 다른 기업의 OVI 시스템에 대한 보강연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다. Nowadays, the importance and the need for maintaining the corporate identity is widely recognized but the range of the identity tends to be restricted mostly to the Corporation Identity (CI) and the Brand Identity (BI). However, the identity system has to be established in all aspects which symbolize the corporate image and the representative area out of all would be Visual Identity, in other words, VI. Hyundai Heavy Industries is a corporate comprised of 6 business divisions (Shipbuilding, Offshore & Industrial Plant, Engine & Machinery, Electro Electric Systems, Green Energy, Construction Equipment) and with the massive expansion within the organization, each business division is characterized by independent marketing structure. Despite the fact that the respective business division produce various types of materials such as brochures, catalogues and promotional materials depending on their needs, majority of them are being produced without the uniformity of the overall identity or the enhancement of the group image. The establishment of the Visual Identity System (VIS) shall lay the basis for each business division to maintain the identity within the big picture under Hyundai Heavy Industries, enabling systematic marketing. Moreover, the aim is to introduce Open Visual Identity System (OVIS) to maintain the identity of Hyundai Heavy Industries and to eliminate the inconveniences in the operation of each business division. Based on the investigations on both foreign and domestic trends of design, the development of Hyundai Heavy Industries' VIS is decided to be congruent with the impressions that Hyundai Heavy Industries and its various fields of business evoke. Consequently, each departments of Hyundai Heavy Industries will be able to fully utilize the brand power of Hyundai Heavy Industries. The application of the convergence between the VI and the OVI system will expand the brand identity and also help domestic corporations to develop. Additionally, the necessity of further studies on other corporations' OVI system seems to be evident.

한국과 미국 초등 4학년 자국어 교과서 편집디자인 비교 연구

장창식 한국상품문화디자인학회 2024 상품문화디자인학연구 Vol.76 No.-

수차례 교육과정을 거치는 동안 대부분의 교과서가 집필자 주도로 만들어져 시각적 설계보다 학습 내용이 더 중요하다는 인식이 강하게 자리 잡아 왔으나 7차 교육과정 이후 편집디자인의 중요성이 대두되기 시작했다. 이는 내용과 더불어 흥미 를 불러일으킬 수 있는 비언어적인 요소들을 학습자의 눈높이에 맞게 디자인해야 보다 효과적으로 학습 내용을 전달할 수 있음을 의미한다. 본 연구는 교과서의 효과적인 학습을 위해 초등학교 4학년 국어 교과서의 편집디자인 요소를 미국 초등 영어 교과서와 비교 분석하여 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 사례 분석을 통한 개선 방향에 대한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 외형에 있어 미국 교과서가 제본의 형태, 인쇄의 질 등이 우수하나 한국 교과서는 휴대 및 사용성에 있어 편리하게 제작되 었다. 향후 제본 및 후가공에서의 외적체제 고급화가 이루어져야 한다. 둘째, 레이아웃은 다양한 레이아웃을 구사하는 미국 교과서에 비해 흥미요소가 부족하다. 여백을 최대한 활용하고 2~3단 구성을 적절히 활용한 좀 더 과감한 레이아웃의 변화 가 필요하다. 셋째, 타이포그래피 사용에 있어 제한된 서체 사용으로 타이포그래피가 주는 창의적인 흥미요소는 부족하다. 다양한 디자인 서체 개발 및 활용으로 타이포그래피의 심미성을 극대화해야 한다. 넷째, 시각이미지 활용에 있어 미국 교과 서의 높은 퀄리티와 다양한 표현기법으로 인한 몰입감을 주기에는 부족하다. 보다 창의적인 커뮤니케이션 능력을 기르기 위한 다양한 기법을 활용한 시각이미지의 개선과 품질 향상이 뒤따라야 한다. 다섯째, 색상 활용에 있어 미국 교과서가 주 는 밝고 경쾌한 느낌은 부족하다. 향후 채도를 좀 더 높이고 다채로운 색상의 사용이 필요하다. 한국과 미국의 교과서 디자 인은 문화와 역사의 차이로 인해 서로 다른 관점으로 접근하고 있어 수치적으로 그 우위를 가리기는 쉽지 않다. 그러나 우 리 교과서의 장점과 미국 교과서의 장점을 적극 반영하여 교과서의 질적 향상이 지속적으로 이어지길 기대한다. During the course of several curriculums, most textbooks were led by the author, and the perception that learning content is more important than visual design has been strongly established, but after the 7th curriculum, the importance of editorial design began to emerge. This means that in addition to the content, non-verbal elements that can arouse interest must be designed at the learner's eye level to convey the learning content more effectively. For effective learning of textbooks, this study attempted to suggest improvements by comparing and analyzing the editorial design elements of Korean language textbooks for the fourth grade of elementary school with those of American elementary school English textbooks. The results of the direction of improvement through case analysis are as follows. First, in terms of appearance, American textbooks have excellent binding shape and printing quality, but Korean textbooks are conveniently produced for portability and usability. In the future, the external system should be advanced in binding and post-processing. Second, the layout lacks interesting elements compared to American textbooks that use various layouts. A bolder layout change is needed that makes the most of the margin and appropriately utilizes the composition of 2-3 levels. Third, due to the limited use of typeface in the use of typography, the creative elements of typography are insufficient. The aesthetics of typography should be maximized by developing and utilizing various design typefaces. Fourth, Korean textbooks somewhat lack the sense of immersion that comes from the high quality and diverse expression techniques of American textbooks when it comes to using visual images. The improvement of visual images and quality improvement using various techniques to develop more creative communication skills should follow. Fifth, the bright and cheerful feeling of American textbooks in the use of colors is insufficient. In the future, it is necessary to increase saturation and use colorful colors. It is difficult to determine the superiority numerically because the design of textbooks in Korea and the United States is approached from different perspectives due to differences in culture and history. However, we hope that the quality of textbooks will continue to improve by actively reflecting the strengths of our textbooks and the strengths of American textbooks.