양막세포에서 Interleukin - 1 Beta 에 의한 Cyclooxygenase - 2 의 발현 조절 기전

장영진(Young Jin Chang),박윤기(Yoon Ki Park),백석환(Suk Whan Baek),이영기(Young Ki Lee),이동혁(Dong Hyuk Lee),이현우(Hyun Woo Lee) 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.8

objective : To determine of the regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by Interleukin-1β in WISH cells. Methods : Amnion WISH cells were incubated in media containing increasing concentrations of IL-1β or with various inhibitors. Increased COX-2 expression was determined by Western blot analysis with anti-COX-2 antibody. Concomitant measurements of culture media PGE2 were made by an enzyme immunoassay. Results : The COX-2 and prostaglandin E2 production induced by IL-1β increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. One of the regulating factors that induced COX-2 by IL-1β was protein kinase C (PKC). PKC inhibitor, Ro 31-8220 was pretreated and continued treating by IL-1β. Then, PKC inhibitor completely blocked COX-2 protein induction by IL-1β. In contrast, COX-2 induction by IL-1β after pretreating PKC stimulator, phobol 12-myristate 13-acetate was potentiated with synergism. Another factor in controlling COX-2 protein induction was identified as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3K). COX-2 protein induction by IL-1β after pretreating PI 3K inhibitors, wortmannin and LY294002 strongly increased. This kind of result reflected that PI 3K act as negative regulator. COX-2 induction by IL-1β was known to be regulated in not only transcription step, but also translation step after performing experiment of actinomycin and cycloheximide treatment. Conclusion : COX-2 protein and prostaglandin E2 production induced by IL-1β were controlled by many factors in amnion cell. Among those factors, PKC and PI 3K have an important role, but their control mechanism act as positive and negative, respectively.

閉鎖循環濾過시스템에서의 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus 稚魚의 飼育密度 - 高密度飼育의 可能性 -

장영진(Young Jin CHANG),유성규(Sung Kyoo YOO) 한국수산과학회 양식분과 1988 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.1 No.1

반폐쇄식 순환여과 사육시스템에서의 넙치 (Paralichthys olivaceus) 양식

장영진,김승헌,양한섭,CHANG Young Jin,KIM Seung Hyern,YANG Han Soeb 한국수산과학회 1995 한국수산과학회지 Vol.28 No.4

현재 유수식 방법으로 양식되고 있는 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 육상수조 양식에서 환수율, 월동시가온 및 양식배수 등의 문제를 해결하기 위하여, 실제 양식장에 설치한 반폐쇄식 순환여과 사육시스템을 이용하여 1992년 2월부터 1994년 1월까지 2년 동안(실험 I , 실험II) 넘치를 사육하면서 그 실용성을 연구하였다. 실험 I에서는 평균전장 7.5cm, 평균체중 3.4g, 실험II에서는 각각 5.0cm, 1.8g의 종묘를 사용하였다. 실험 I의 사육수 용존 무기태질소량은 $NH_4-N\;0.247-0.512ppm,\;NO_2-N\;0.010-0.043ppm,\;NO_3-N\;0.108-0.342ppm$ 실험II에서는 각각 0.091-0.715ppm, 0.002-0.045 ppm, 0,007-0.277 ppm 범위에서 변화하였다. 일간섭식률은 실험 I $0.67-2.41\%$, 실험II $0.69-2.22\%$, 사료효율은 각각 $34.8-59.8\%,\;40.5-88.4\%$였다. 실험 I에서의 어체는 사육 340일만에 전장 40.0-42.8cm, 체중 695.0-852.6g으로 성장하였고, 실험II에서는 사육 365일후에 전장 36.7-39.7cm, 체중 552.4-706.4g으로 자라났다. 사육종료시 어체의 평균 생존율은 실험 $192.0\%$, 실험II $96.0\%$였다. 어체의 체표면적이 수조바닥을 덮는율(covering rate)은 넙치의 수용밀도의 지표로 활용 가능하였다. 사육시 어체의 최대 수용량은 실험 I에서 덮는율 2.2, 중량 $34.1kg/m^2$였고, 실험II에서는 각각 $2.6,\;36.3kg/m^2$였다. 순환여과식 양식시스템은 현행의 유수식 양식시스템에 비해 양식 생산성 및 연안 환경오염 방지에 기여도가 높은 양식방법으로 평가되었다. In order to develop a more practical culture system from the present running seawater tank system, two experiments of environmental factors, growth, survival rate and rearing density of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) were carried out for two consecutive years. Two groups of fish in initially averaging 7.5cm of total length, and 3.4g of body weight (EXP. I) and 5.0cm and 1.8g (EXP. II) were reared in the semi-closed recirculating seawater system equipped with the rotating biological contactors with the commercial culture scale. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations is EXP. I ranged 0,247-0.512 ppm of $NH_4-N$ (0.010-0.043 ppm of$NO_2-N$, and 0.108-0.342 ppm of $NO_3-N$, and those in EXP. II were 0.091-0.715 ppm, 0.002-0.045 ppm, and 0.007-0.277 ppm, respectively. Daily feeding rates of the fish were $0.67-2.41\%$ in EXP. I and $0.69-2.22\%$ in EXP_ II, and teed efficiency were $34.8-59.8\%\;and\;40.5-88.4\%$ in EXP. I and II, respectively. The average total ten說h and body weight were 40.0-42.8cm and 695.0-852.69g after 340 days culture in EXP. I, and 36.7-39.7cm and 552.4-706.4 g after 365 days culture in EXP. II, respectively. Survival rates of the fish at the end of EXP. I and II were $92.0\%\;and\;96.0\%,$ respectively. The ratio to body surface area of non-ocular side in all fish to bottom area of rearing tank, so-called covering rate, was used as an indicator of rearing density. The highest cowering rate and weight density of fish per $m^2$ of rearing tank at the end of experimental period were 2.2 and 34.1kg in EXP. I, and 2.6 and 36.3kg in EXP. II, respectively. For the commercial culture of olive flounder, the semi-closed recirculating seawater system was found to be more effective than the running seawater tank system in aspect to the fish productivity and protection of marine environment.

증례보고 : 꼭지돌기절제술 시 Epinephrine 국소 침윤에 의한 급성 폐부종

장영진 ( Young Jin Chang ),민상기 ( Sang Kee Min ),유지영 ( Ji Young Yoo ),김종엽 ( Jong Yeop Kim ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.56 No.4

A mixture of local anesthetic and epinephrine provides hemostasis for ear microsurgery. However, epinephrine has adverse cardiovascular effects, such as arrhythmia, pulmonary edema, and even cardiac arrest. We have experienced catecholamine-induced cardiovascular crisis, with severe hypertension, tachycardia, and acute pulmonary edema, after subcutaneous infiltration with a 2% lidocaine and 1:200,000 epinephrine solution. The patient recovered without any apparent sequelae after intensive care, including diuretics, steroids, and nitroglycerin for the hypertension and pulmonary edema, and a vasopressor for the subsequent hypotension. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;56:462∼5)

진주조개, Pinctada fucata martensii와 참굴, Crassostrea gigas의 난발생에 미치는 수온의 영향

장영진,최윤희,장윤정,최석원,CHANG Young Jin,CHOI Youn Hee,CHANG Yun Jeong,CHOI Seok Won 한국수산과학회 2000 한국수산과학회지 Vol.33 No.6

We studied to find out the effect of water temperature on the egg development of pearl oyster, Pincata fucata martensii and Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. The optimum water temperatures for egg development were $20{\~}25^{\circ}C$ in P. fucata martensii and $15{\~}25^{\circ}C$ in C. gigas. The required time from fertilization to D-shaped lana was $41.7\;hours\;at\;20^{\circ}C$ and 27.5 hours at $25^{\circ}C$ in P. fucata martensii, and 35.3 hours at $15^{\circ}C$, 26.3 hours at $20^{\circ}C$ and 17.6 hours at$ 25^{\circ}C$ in C. gigas, respectively. The relationships between the water temperature ($WT:^{\circ}C$) and the required time (h: hour) from fertilization to each developmental stage were given as follows; P. fucata martensii Up to 8-cell $$1/h=0.0463WT-0.6945 (r^2=0.9702)$$ Up to morula $$1/h=0.0196WT-0.2184 (r^2=0.8118)$$ Up to trochophore $$1/h=0.0076WT-0.0802 (r^2=0.8756)$$ Up to D-shaped larva $$1/h=0.0031WT-0.0380 (r^2=0.9075)$$ C. gigas Up to 8-cell $$1/h=0.0210WT-0.1123 (r^2=0.9862)$$ Up to morula $$1/h=0.0143WT-0.1077 (r^2=0.9833)$$ Up to trochophore $$1/h=0.0052WT-0.0218 (r^2=0.9857)$$ Up to D-shaped lawn $$1/h=0.0029WT-0.0170 (r^2=0.9689)$$ Biological minimum temperature for egg development of P. fucata martensii and C. gigas was calculated as $$12.3^{\circ}C and 5.7{\circ}C$$, respectively. 진주조개와 참굴의 성숙한 모패를 이용하여 인위적으로 산란유발한 다음 수온별로 난발생 실험을 하였다. 진주조개와 참굴의 난발생은 수온이 높을수록 발생단계별 소요 시간이 짧아지는 경향을 보였으며, 적정 발생수온은 각각 $20{\~}25^{\circ}C$와 $15{\~}25^{\circ}C$였으며, 진주조개에서 초기 D형 유생에 이른 시간은 $20^{\circ}C$와 $25^{\circ}C$에서 각각 41.7, 27.5시간, 참굴에서는 $15^{\circ}C,\;20^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C$에서 각각 35.3, 26.3, 17.6시간이 소요되었다. 수온 ($WT: ^{\circ}C$)과 발생 단계별 소요 시간 (h: hour)의 관계식은 다음과 같다. 진주조개-8 세포기. $$1/h=0.0463WT-0.6945 (r^2=0.9702)$$ 상 실 기. $$1/h=0.0196WT-0.2184 (r^2=0.8118)$$ 담 륜 자: $$1/h=0.0076WT-0.0802 (r^2=0.8756)$$ D형 유생: $$1/h=0.0031WT-0.0380 (r^2=0.9075)$$ 참 굴-8 세포기. $$1/h=0.0210WT-0.1123 (r^2=0.9862)$$ 상 실 기.$$1/h=0.0143WT-0.1077 (r^2=0.9833)$$ 담 륜 자: $$1/h=0.0052WT-0.0218 (r^2=0.9857)$$ D형 유생: $$1/h=0.0029WT-0.0170 (r^2=0.9689)$$ 이들 관계식을 기초로 하여 진주조개와 참굴의 초기 발생에 있어서 난발생이 정지하는 생물학적 영도의 평균값을 구한 결과, 진주조개 $12.3^{\circ}C$, 참굴 $5.7^{\circ}C$로 산정되었다.

황복(Takifugu obscurus) 정액의 물리$\cdot$화학적 성상과 냉장보존

장영진,임한규,장윤정,김형선,허형택,CHANG Young Jin,LIM Han Kyu,CHANG Yun Jeong,KIM Hyung Sun,HUH Hyung Tack 한국수산과학회 1999 한국수산과학회지 Vol.32 No.3

황복 (Takifugu obscurus)의 정자보존을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자, 정액의 특성을 파악하고 정자의 냉장보존 조건에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 정액의 ml당 정자수는 $1.13\pm0.34\times10^{10}/ml$이었고 spermatocrit는 64.8$\pm$1.4였으며, 정장의 삼투질농도는 266$\pm$2 mOsm/kg이었다. 총 단백질 함량과 총 지질 함량은 정장에 비해 정자에서 높았으며, glucose는 검출되지 않았다. $Ca^{2+}$과 $Na^{+}$ 농도는 정자에 비해 정장에서 높았고, $Mg^{2+}$과 $K^{+}$은 정장에 비해 정자에서 높은 값을 보였다. 황복 정자를 여러 가지 희석액을 이용하여 16 일간 $0\pm0.5^{\circ}C$에서 냉장보존 하였을 때, 수정률은 $0\~0.7\%$로 보존 효과가 저조한 것으로 나타났다. To obtain the basic data for the preservation of river puffer (Takifugu obscurus) sperm, experiments were carried out on the physico-chemical properties and cold storage of milt. The average number of sperm and spermatocrit in milt stripped were $1.13\pm0.34\times10^{10}/ml$ and 64.8$\pm$1.4, respectively. Osmolality of seminal fluid was 266$\pm$2 mOsm/kg, Total protein and total lipid from sperm were higer than that from seminal fluid. $Ca^{2+}$ and $Na^{+}$ concentrations were higher in the seminal fluid than in the sperm, while $Mg^{2+}$ and $K^{+}$ concentrations were lower in the seminal fluid. When sperm of river puffer were preserved in $0\pm0.5^{\circ}C$ with various diluents for 16 days, fertilization rate was $0\~0.7\%$. It suggested that cold storage of river puffer sperm was detrimental to sperm fertility.

여름철 온배수 수역에 인접한 양식장 넙치 (Paralichthys olivaceus)의 혈액 성상

장영진(Young-Jin Chang),허준욱(Jun-Wook Hur),진평(Pyung Chin) 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2002 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.15 No.4

양식넙치 (Paralichthys olivaceus)의 생리조건에 미치는 연속적인 수온 급강하의 영향

장영진,박명룡,강덕영,이복규,CHANG Young Jin,PARK Myong Ryong,KANG Duk-Young,LEE Bok Kyu 한국수산과학회 1999 한국수산과학회지 Vol.32 No.5

냉수대로 인한 양식넙치 (Paralichthys olivaceus)의 생리적 반응을 알아보기 위하여, 4차례의 수온 급강하 조건 (Exp.I$\~$IV)을 설정하여 사육실험을 실시하였다. Exp.I에서는 개시시 $18^{\circ}C$에서 9시간만에 $9^{\circ}C$까지 급격히 수온을 떨어뜨린 다음 3시간만에 $12^{\circ}C$로 상승시켜 3일간 두었다가 다시 6시간만에 개시시 수온인 $18^{\circ}C$로 상승시켰다. Exp.II, III 및 IV에서는 각각 $3^{\circ}C$ ($20^{\circ}C), $9^{\circ}C$ ($23^{\circ}C) 및 $6^{\circ}C$ ($23^{\circ}C)의 수온차를 주어 5일간 둔 다음, 다시 원래의 수온으로 올려 주었고, 수온 구배는 시간당 $1^{\circ}C$씩 하강 또는 상승시켰다. 모든 실험에서 넙치의 혈청 코티졸과 글루코스를 측정하였고, Ht Hb, RBC 및 MCHC는 Exp.I에서, 혈청의 삼투질 농도, 전해질 지수 ($Na^+,\;Cl^-,\;K^+,\;Ca^{2+}$), 총단백질량, 아미노기 전이효소인 ALT 및 AST 활성의 변화는 Exp.II, III 및 IV에서 조사하였다. 코티졸 농도는 모든 실험에서 수온의 급강하에 의해 유의하게 증가하였고, 특히 수온변화의 폭이 클수록, 수온이 낮을수록 변화폭이 컸다(Exp.I>III>II>IV). 글루코스 농도는 Exp.I에 있어 유의한 변화 경향을 파악할 수 없었지만, Exp.II에서 수은이 급강하할 때 다소 상승하였고, 수온충격의 횟수가 증가함에 따라 (Exp.III과 IV) 유의하게 상승하였다. Ht, RBC, Hb는 수온 하강에 따라 유의하게 감소한 반면, MCHC는 증가하였다. 4차례의 수온급변에 따라 어체의 삼투질 농도는 감소하였고, 전해질 지수는 안정적이지 못하였다. 혈중의 총단백질량은 다소 감소하는 경향이었으나, ALT 및 AST의 활성은 뚜렷한 증감 경향을 보이지 않았다. Physiological responses of cultured olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) on lowering seawater temperature sharply and continuously were studied with 4 experiments of temperature changes (Exp.I$\~$IV). In Exp.1, the temperature was decreased from $18^{\circ}C$ to $9^{\circ}C$ by the rate of $1^{\circ}C$/hr, thereafter back to the initial temperature after 5 dars. With the same conditions of temperature rate and 5 days interval, the temperature changes for Exp.II, III and IV were $20^{\circ}C$ to $17^{\circ}C,\;23^{\circ}C$ to $14^{\circ}C$ and $23^{\circ}C$ to $17^{\circ}C$, respectively, Serum cortisol and glucose were measured during whole experiments. Hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were measured in the Exp.I, and osmolality, electrolytes ($Na^+,\;Cl^-,\;K^+,\;Ca^{2+}$), total protein, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of serum, in Exp.II$\~$IV. Serum cortisol levels were significantly increased by the lowering temperature sharply during whole experiments, while serum glucose levels were increased only in Exp,III and IV. Ht, RBC and Hb were decreased as the water temperature was lowered, but MCHC was increased. The serum osmolality was reduced and the unstable changes of electrolytes were shown by the changes of seawater temperature. No significant changes in total protein, ALT and AST activity were observed.

넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)와 큰민어(Nibea japonica)의 활어 수송시 나타나는 스트레스 반응

장영진(Young-Jin Chang),허준욱(Jun-Wook Hur),문승현(Seung-Hyen Moon),이정의(Jung-Uie Lee) 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2001 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

사육수의 급격한 염분변화에 따른 숭어 (Mugil cephalus)와 틸라피아 (Oreochromis niloticus)의 생리적 반응

장영진,허준욱,CHANG Young Jin,HUR Jun Wook 한국수산과학회 1999 한국수산과학회지 Vol.32 No.3

염분변화에 따른 생리적 반응과 성장 및 생존율에 관한 기초자료를 얻고자, 해수와 담수에서 광염성 어류로 알려진 숭어와 틸라피아를 재료로 급격한 염분변화 조건에서 어체의 생리적 변화를 조사하였다. 숭어의 코티졸 농도와 글루코스 농도는 해수사육과 담수사육에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 틸라피아는 해수사육에 따른 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 숭어의 $Na^+,\;Cl^-$ 및 $K^+$ 농도는 실험개시시와 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 틸라피아는 해수사육에 따른 유의한 증가를 보였다. 숭어의 삼투질농도는 293.5$\~$335mOsm/kg 범위를 보였다. 틸라피아는 해수사육 3일째 유의한 증가를 보였다. 생존율에 있어 숭어는 $96.5\%$를 보였고, 틸라피아는 해수사육 3일만에 전량 폐사하였다. Physiological responses (cortisol, glucose, GPT, GOT, total protein, hematocrit, sodium, chloride, potassium, total calcium and osmolality), growth and survival rates of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by the manipulation of salinity were studied. Salinity was increased directly from freshwater to $33\%_{\circ}$ and remained for 15 days. Then, salinity was decreased directly from seawater to freshwater and remained for other 15 days. All tilapias were dead at the third day, but $96.5\%$ of grey mullet were survived at the 30th day. The grey mullet showed no significant differences for cortisol and glucose concentrations in the seawater and freshwater. However, those of the Nile tilapia were increased in seawater. The grey mullet showed no significant differences for sodium, chloride and potassium concentrations during experimental period. However, those of the Nile tilapia were significantly increased when exposed to seawater. The osmolality of grey mullet ranged between 293.5 mOsm/kg and 335.0 mOsm/kg for the whole experimental period.