스포츠산업·경영학 : 프로스포츠 선수들의 조직몰입과 직무몰입에 관한 연구

장진(ChangJin),장경로(ChangKyung-Ro) 한국체육학회 2005 한국체육학회지 Vol.44 No.3

The purpose of this study were to investigate differences regarding organizational commitment and work commitment, and relationship between organizational commitment and work commitment among professional sport players. The participants in the study were drawn from the three professional sport leagues - baseball, football, and basketball. Total 268 surveys were returned usable. Results showed that there were no differences on organizational commitment based on age, year of professional career, and year of continuous service in the team. However, there were differences on normative commitment and work commitment based on players' salary, and work commitment based on year of continuous service in the team. In addition, there were differences on affective commitment, continuous commitment, and work commitment based on professional league they are involved. That is, baseball and basketball players showed higher affective commitment than football players, and baseball players showed higher continuous commitment than football players. In addition, baseball players showed higher work commitment than football players, but there was no differences on normative commitment based on professional league they are involved. Finally, only affective commitment showed significant impact on work commitment among professional players.

스포츠산업,경영 : 스포츠 팬의 일체성에 따른 경기장 시설/환경에 대한 인식

장진(ChangJin),장경로(ChangKyung-Ro) 한국체육학회 2003 한국체육학회지 Vol.42 No.2

The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of stadium physical environments among groups of different fan identification. Stadium physical environments factors evaluated in this study were accessibility, aesthetics, scoreboard, comfort seating, layout accessibility, space allocation, and signage. Sport fans were divided into three groups(low-, medium-, high-fanID) based on their level of fan identification. Results showed that sport fans who had different level of fan identification perceive the stadium physical environments differently. That is, highly identified fans perceived the stadium physical environments more positively compare to low- and medium identified fans. In addition, results also showed that female fans showed more negative response to stadium physical environments compare to male fans, It was expected that the results of this study can provide a meaningful information to sport marketers regarding retaining highly identified fans and switching low- and medium identified fans to highly identified fans.

프로스포츠 구단의 ICT 융합 기술 서비스에 대한 소비자 편익 분석: 조건부가치평가법의 적용

차재혁(ChaJae-hyuk),김대경(KimDae-kyung),장경로(ChangKyung-ro),김태희(KimTae-hee) 한국체육학회 2017 한국체육학회지 Vol.56 No.6

본 연구는 프로스포츠 구단의 ICT 융합 기술 서비스에 대한 관중의 편익을 추정함으로써 스포츠 ICT 융합 기술 서비스 제공을 위한 실증적 근거를 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 비시장재화의 가치를 측정하기 위한 방법인 조건부가치평가법(CVM)을 적용하여 프로축구 관중의 지불의사(WTP)를 산출하였으며, K리그 연고지 5개 도시에 거주하는 20세 이상의 프로축구 관중 525명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 스포츠 ICT 융합 기술 서비스에 대한 편익은 개인당 평균 2,991.6원으로 추정되었다. 이를 연간가치로 환산할 경우 약 58억5천만 원, 사업의 총 가치로는 약 292억6천만 원으로 집계되었으며, 이는 K리그 본원시장 규모의 약 19%에 해당한다. 이상의 연구 결과를 통해 스포츠 구단은 경기장을 찾은 관중에게 수준 높은 경기를 제공하는 것 외에도 ICT 융합 기술 서비스와 같은 기존의 관람서비스와 차별화된 서비스를 제공하는 것이 매우 중요함을 실증하였다. The purpose of this study was to provide an empirical basis for the provision of sports ICT convergence technologies services by estimating the benefits of spectators for ICT convergence service of professional sports clubs. The Willingness To Pay(WTP) of the K-League spectators was estimated by Using Contingent Valuation Method(CVM), which is a method for measuring the value of the non-market good. In this study, a survey was conducted on 525 football fans over the 20s and 446 were returned usable data for practical analysis. As a result, the benefits for sports ICT convergence technology services were estimated to be 2,991.6 won per person. When the annual value is converted, it is about 5.85 billion won, and the total value is about 29.26 billion won, which corresponds to about 19% of the market size of K-League. The results of this study show that it is very important for sports teams to provide differentiated services such as ICT convergence technology services in addition to providing high-quality matches and products to spectators who have visited the stadium.

골프장 캐디의 언어폭력 경험과 감정노동, 직무만족 및 고객지향성의 구조적 관계

서효민(SeoHyo-min),차용석(ChaYoung-suk),장경로(ChangKyung-ro) 한국체육학회 2018 한국체육학회지 Vol.57 No.1

본 연구는 골프장에서 근무하는 캐디들의 언어폭력 경험과 감정노동, 직무만족 및 고객지향성의 구조적 관계를 분석하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 자료 수집을 위하여 대중골프장에 종사하는 250명의 캐디를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 226부의 설문지가 최종표본으로 사용되었다. 통계처리는 PASW 23.0과 AMOS 23.0을 통해 이루어졌으며, 분석방법으로는 빈도분석, 신뢰도 및 타당도 분석, 상관분석, 구조방정식 모형 분석을 실시하였다. 분석을 통해 도출된 연구결과를 종합하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 캐디들의 언어폭력 경험은 표면행동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 내면행동과는 유의미한 영향관계가 발견되지 않았다. 둘째, 표면행동은 직무만족에 부정적인 영향을, 내면행동은 직무만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 직무만족은 고객지향성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 캐디들의 근무환경 개선을 위한 고객언어폭력 및 감정노동 관리 방안에 대하여 논의하였다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the structural relationship among verbal abuse experience, emotional labor, job satisfaction, and customer orientation of golf caddies. Total 250 questionnaires were surveyed and 226 data were finally analyzed. For the analysis, frequency analysis, reliability and validity analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed by SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 programs. The results were as follows: First, verbal abuse experience had a significant effect on surface acting, but the impact on deep acting was not significant. Seconds, surface acting had a positive effect on job satisfaction and deep acting had a negative effect on job satisfaction. Last, job satisfaction influenced on customer orientation. Based on these results, managing customer verbal abuse and emotional labor of golf caddies have been discussed.

여가,레크리에이션 : 리조트호텔의 참여형태에 따른 여가만족도 분석

이우진(LeeWoo-Jin),이철원(LeeChul-Won),장경로(ChangKyung-Ro) 한국체육학회 2003 한국체육학회지 Vol.42 No.4

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect factors of participation pattern on leisure satisfaction of resort hotel users. The subjects of this study were 300 salary people who experienced to use resort hotel and lived in Seoul. The method of data collection was convenience sampling method. Total 300 questionnaires were collected and 241 questionnaires were used. The followings were results of the study:Firstly, there were statistically significant differences in the use purpose according to mean of salary a month. There were statistically significant differences in use frequency according to mean of salary a month. There were statistically significant differences in re-purchasing intention according to the marriage.Secondly, there were statistically significant differences in physical and mental satisfaction, and educational satisfaction according to gender on analysis of leisure satisfaction according to participation patterns. There were statistically significant differences in physical and mental satisfaction, social satisfaction, educational satisfaction according to the preference institution. There were statistically significant differences in physical and mental satisfaction according to the use purpose. There were statistically significant differences in physical and mental satisfaction, social satisfaction, environmental satisfaction, and rest satisfaction according to the frequency. And, there were statistically significant differences in physical and mental satisfaction, social satisfaction, environmental satisfaction, and rest satisfaction according to re-purchasing intention.Lastly, the preference institution, the frequency and re-purchasing intention had statistically significant effects on physical and mental satisfaction by multiple regression analysis in the effect of participation pattern on leisure satisfaction. Also, the use frequency and re-purchasing intention had statistically significant effects on social satisfaction. The frequency had statistically significant effect on the environmental satisfaction and rest satisfaction. And, the re-purchasing intention had statistically significant effect on the educational satisfaction.

여가,레크리에이션 : 인터넷 레저스포츠 사이트 이용자의 특성이 서비스 품질 지각에 미치는 영향

임헌(LimHun),이철원(LeeChul-Won),장경로(ChangKyung-Ro) 한국체육학회 2003 한국체육학회지 Vol.42 No.6

The purpose of this study was to present interaction between demographic characters of Internet Leisure Sports Site User and perceived and expected Service Quality. For this study, The subject of this study selected 450 citizens in Seoul and Gyeonggi-Do who used internet leisure sports site with convenience sampling method to completed self-administration questionnaires. 407questionnaires were used for data analysis after dropping incomplete 43 questionnaires. This study excluded questionaries which has missing value and unfaithful data. Statistical methods used in this study were frequency analysis, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and chi-square independent test. Based on the above research methods and procedures, this study produced the following results. Firstly, the difference, in use pattern among different demographic characters was suggested. There were significant differences in using time and purpose of use by a gender. And, there were significant differences in using time, purpose and frequency of use by a income. Secondly, it was to find the relationship in expected service quality by difference demographic groups. It was to exam the difference in the purpose of using internet sports newspaper. There showed significant difference in assurance - gender, reliability -age and tangibles, empathy-income. Lastly, it was to find the relationship in perceived service quality by difference demographic groups. There was a difference in reliability and empathy with contents by age. There was a difference with reliability and assurance at gender. There was a difference with tangibles assurance as job and income.

프로야구팬의 스포츠-ICT 융합 서비스 수용결정요인에 관한 연구

서효민(SeoHyo-min),김태희(KimTae-hee),장경로(ChangKyung-ro) 한국체육학회 2017 한국체육학회지 Vol.56 No.4

본 연구는 프로야구 구단이 제공하는 스포츠-ICT 융합 서비스에 대한 소비자들의 수용결정요인을 실증적으로 분석하기 위하여 수행되었다. 구체적으로는 혁신특성 변수인 상대적 이점, 복잡성, 지각된 위험과 사용자특성 변수인 혁신성, 자기효능감, 사전지식이 스포츠-ICT 융합 서비스 수용의도에 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석하였다. 자료수집을 위해 kt 위즈의 홈 경기에 방문한 프로야구팬 250명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 221부의 자료가 최종분석에 사용되었다. 자료처리방법으로는 빈도분석, 신뢰도분석, 탐색적 요인분석, 상관관계 분석, 위계적 회귀분석이 활용되었으며, 분석을 통해 다음과같은 연구결과가 도출되었다. 먼저, 혁신특성 변수 중 상대적 이점은 수용의도에 정(+)의 영향을, 지각된 위험은 수용의도에 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤으며, 복잡성은 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로, 사용자특성 변수 중 혁신성과 자기효능감은 수용의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 사전지식과 수용의도의 관계에서는 유의미한영향관계가 발견되지 않았다. The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of professional baseball fans’ acceptance of Sport-ICT convergence service. Specifically, we analyzed the effects of innovation characteristics(relative advantage, complexity, perceived risk) and user’s characteristics(innovativeness, self-efficacy, prior knowledge) on acceptance intention. In order to achieve this purpose, data were collected from 250 professional baseball fans who visited kt wiz’s home game and 221 samples were used for practical analysis. Statistical techniques for data analysis were frequency analysis, reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis by SPSS 23.0. The results of this study were as follows: First, relative advantage had a positive effect on acceptance intention, and perceived risk had a negative effect on acceptance intention, but the impact on complexity was non-significant. Second, the innovativeness and self-efficacy had a positive effects on acceptance intention, and prior knowledge had no effect on acceptance intention.

프로스포츠 구단의 스포츠-ICT 융합 기술 서비스 이용의도에 미치는 영향 요인 분석: K리그 팬을 중심으로

차재혁(ChaJae-hyuk),박호윤(ParkHo-yoon),장경로(ChangKyung-ro) 한국체육학회 2017 한국체육학회지 Vol.56 No.5

본 연구는 프로스포츠 구단이 제공하는 스포츠-ICT 융합 기술 서비스에 대한 관람 소비자의 이용의도를 밝히는 데 목적을 두었다. 구체적으로는 확장된 기술수용 모델을 이용하여 스포츠-ICT 융합 기술의 시스템 특성인 편재가용성과 상황인식성이 활용 특성인 지각된 사용 용이성, 지각된 유용성, 그리고 이용의도에 어떠한 영향 관계를 미치는지에 대하여 실증적으로 분석하였다. 총 300명의 국내 프로축구 관람객을 대상으로 편의표본추출법을 이용한 설문조사를 진행하였으며, 분석방법으로는 빈도 분석, 신뢰도 분석, 상관관계 분석, 확인적 요인 분석, 구조방정식 모형 분석을 활용하였다. 분석결과, 편재가용성은 활용 특성에 정(+)적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 상황인식성은 활용 특성 중 지각된 사용 용이성에만 정(+)적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 지각된 사용 용이성은 지각된 유용성과 이용의도에 모두 정(+)적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, 지각된 유용성은 이용의도에 정(+)적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. The purpose of this study was to investigate spectators' intention to use Sports-ICT convergence technology service provided by professional sports club. Specifically, this study examined the relationships among ubiquitous availability, context awareness, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and intention to use using the Extended Technology Acceptance Model. A questionnaire was distributed to 300 professional football fans. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. The empirical results were as follows. First, ubiquitous availability had a positive effect on Usage characteristics. Second, situational awareness had a positive effect on perceived ease of use. Third, perceived ease of use had a positive effect on perceived usefulness and intention to use respectively. Fourth, perceived usefulness had a positive influence on intention to use.