저온습윤 및 지베렐린 처리가 눈잣나무의 종자발아에 미치는 영향

임효인,김길남,장경환,박완근 한국자원식물학회 2015 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.28 No.2

In South Korea, Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel (dwarf stone pine) has been designated as a critically endangered species by the Korea Forest Service. We have difficulties in obtaining the seeds of P. pumila because P. pumila grows only in the Daecheongbong area (1550–1700 m above sea level) of Mt. Seorak and almost all of its cones are damaged by birds and rodents. For establishing an ex situ conservation stand of P. pumila, this study was conducted to figure out the effects of wet cold (cold stratification, prechilling) and GA3 treatment on the germination of P. pumila seeds. After cold stratification (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 months), prechilling (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 months) and GA3 treatment (0, 100, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 3,000 ㎎/L), seeds were placed on petri-dishes at 25℃ under light condition. The percentage of germination, mean germination time and the germination rate were investigated. The results showed that both of the cold stratification and prechilling were effective in improving germination performances. However, there were no significant differences in performances between the two cold treatments. Within each treatment, the germination performances improved with the period of treatment. However, after three months of treatment, the performances showed no significant improvement. The gibberellin treatment was also effective in improving seed germination of P. pumila. The percentage of germination reached 79.0% in the seeds treated with 100 ㎎/L of GA3. However, the germination performances decreased at high concentration of GA3 treatments (over 2000 ㎎/L). In conclusion, cold stratification (over 3 months) or 100 ㎎/L of GA3 treatment was considered to be the appropriate method for seedling production of P. pumila.

학술연구논문 구두발표 2 : 안면도 먹넌출 집단의 유전다양성과 공간적 유전구조

임효인,송정호,장경환,홍경낙,한진규 한국임학회 2013 산림과학 공동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.-

안면도 먹넌출 집단의 유전다양성과 공간적 유전구조

임효인,송정호,장경환,홍경낙,한진규 한국산림휴양복지학회 2013 한국산림휴양학회 학술발표회 자료집 Vol.2013 No.4

희귀수종 먹넌출의 잎의 형태적 특성과 유전변이

임효인,송정호,장경환,한진규 한국산림휴양복지학회 2013 한국산림휴양학회 학술발표회 자료집 Vol.2013 No.4

Effects of Windbreak Fences Composed of Natural Vegetation on Dwarf Siberian Pine (Pinus pumila) Seedlings

임효인,채승범,이선욱,구자정,Lim, Hyo-In,Chae, Seung-Beom,Lee, Seon-Uk,Ku, Ja-Jung The Korea Society of Environmental Restoration Tec 2020 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.23 No.4

In this study, the effects of windbreak fences composed of natural vegetation on one-year-old seedlings were analyzed to develop restoration methods for an endangered subalpine species, the dwarf Siberian pine (Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel). One-year-old seedlings were planted in 2016 by sowing seeds that had been collected from the Daecheongbong area on Mt. Seoraksan, South Korea, in 2014. The area near Daecheongbong was selected as the experimental site, and treatment and control plots (2m×2m) were installed at the site. To analyze the effects of wind protection, windbreak fences were constructed in the treatment plots using hairy Korean rhododendrons (Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz. var. ciliatum Nakai) from the surrounding area and weather stations were installed to investigate atmospheric temperature, humidity, and wind speed. In all control plots without windbreak fences, dwarf Siberian pine seedlings were killed by strong winds seven months after planting. In contrast, the average survival rate of the seedlings in treatment plots was 96.7% after seven months, 64.2% after two years, and 45% after three years, with most (85.3%) of the seedlings showing good initial root establishment. Accordingly, windbreak fences composed of natural vegetation are suitable for promoting the early establishment of seedlings in the restoration of dwarf Siberian pine stands.

Seed Dormancy and Germination Characteristics of Endemic Elder Species (Sambucus racemosa subsp. pendula) and Common Elder Species (S. williamsii) in Korea

임효인 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2022 Journal of Forest Science Vol.38 No.4

This study was conducted to determine the seed dormancy types of Sambucus racemosa subsp. pendula Nakai and S. williamsii Hance. Low temperature stratification (1, 2, 3, 4 months) and GA₃ treatment (1,000 mg/L) were performed on seeds to determine the type of seed dormancy. After the treatment, seeds were placed on a petri dish at 25°C under light conditions. The germination rate and mean germination time were investigated. Results showed that cold stratification was effective in breaking the dormant state of the seed in both species. In the low temperature stratification treatment, the seed germination performance was improved as the treatment period was prolonged. Gibberellin treatment was effective in breaking the dormant state of S. racemosa subsp. pendula without low temperature stratification. However, S. williamsii did not break the dormant state of the seed by gibberellin treatment without low temperature stratification treatment. In the gibberellin treatment, germination performance was improved according to the low temperature stratification treatment period. As a result of this study, the seeds of S. williamsii have both an intermediate complex and a deep complex morphophysiological dormancy (MPD). In comparison, it was found that the S. racemosa subsp. pendula had intermediate composite MPD.

울릉도 말오줌나무와 근연종의 재검토

임효인,장계선,이흥수,장진성,김휘 한국식물분류학회 2009 식물 분류학회지 Vol.39 No.3

울릉도에 분포하는 말오줌나무는 화서가 크고 아래로 처지며 열매가 다른 분류군에 비해 작은 특징때문에 한반도 고유종으로 간주되었다. 본 연구는 근연종인, 지렁쿠나무, 덧나무, 딱총나무를 포함한 총 256개 개체에 대해 주성분분석(PCA)을 통해 각 분류군간 형태적 특징을 비교하였는데, 형태 분석 결과 말오줌나무는 지렁쿠나무와 덧나무에 비해 화서의 크기가 크고 총화경이 길어 뚜렷한 차이가 있었다. 이런 화서의 특징 이외에 말오줌나무의 암술머리 색깔은 덧나무와 지렁쿠나무의 혼합형이며, 동위효소와 염색체 수의 경우에는 덧나무에 더 가까웠다. 반면 말오줌나무는 한반도 내의 다른 개체들과 형태적으로 불연속을 보이는데, 이는 한반도 내 분류군들 간에는 지속적인 유전적 교류가 있었던 반면, 울릉도의 말오줌나무는 신생대 4기 이후 섬 지역에 고립되어 형태적으로는 비교적 고착화된 것으로 판단된다. 전 세계 딱총나무속의 연구에 의하면 종간 잡종 현상이 활발히 보고되는데, 현재 본 연구에서 분석된 지렁쿠나무와 덧나무의 형질의 혼합 혹은 중간 형태는 잡종에 의한 결과인지, 혹은 형질의 연속변이로 인한 결과인지는 불확실하다. 유라시아와 북미 대륙에 넓게 분포하는 Sambucus racemosa L.는 지역적으로 일부 분류군들이 분화하여 기존에 아종으로 처리되고, 동북아시아에서는 지렁쿠나무와 덧나무의 실체가 확인되지만 여전히 각 분류군간에 형태적으로 중첩이 된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 말오줌나무를 S. racemosa의 아종, 즉 S. racemosa subsp. pendula로 처리하였다. Sambucus pendula Nakai, which is an endemic on Ulleung Island of Korea, is characterized by a large pendulous inflorescence and small fruit. A set of 256 individuals were used to investigate the patterns of intraspecific variation of S. racemosa subsp. kamtchatica, S. racemosa subsp. sieboldiana, and S. williamsii including S. pendula using PCA (principal components analysis). This analysis showed that S. pendula was distinct based on its large inflorescence and long peduncle. Our data showed a morphological distinction between subsp. kamtchatica from northeastern areas and subsp. sieboldiana from Jeju Island, but the two taxa overlap in the southern and eastern parts of Korea in terms of chromosome number, color of style, and allozyme data. Our study agrees that S. pendula on Ulleung Island may be the result of genetic drift that occurred during isolation since the Quarternary period. This has been suggested as a reason for the genetic differences observed between two taxa and would explain the unique variation patterns of S. pendula. However, the morphological differentiation between the S. racemosa complex and S. pendula is not considered sufficient to warrant recognition of specific status. Therefore, we recommend that only one polymorphic species of S. racemosa in Eurasia be recognized and that S. pendula be considered a subspecies of S. racemosa.

중학생 진로개발역량 검사도구 개발

임효신(Hyoshin Lim),정철영(Chyul-Young Jyung) 한국진로교육학회 2015 진로교육연구 Vol.28 No.4

이 연구의 목적은 중학생의 진로개발역량을 진단하는 검사를 개발하는 데 있다. 중학생 진로개발 역량 검사도구는 중학생이 평생에 걸쳐 진로를 인식 · 탐색 · 준비 · 유지하고 발전시키는 데 필요한 인지적 · 비인지적 측면의 역량을 어느 정도 갖추고 있는지를 진단하기 위한 목적으로 개발되었다. 이 검사도구는 3개 영역, 8개 하위요소의 총 49개 문항으로 구성되어 있으며 검사에 소요되는 전체 시간은 약 10~15분 정도이다. 이 검사도구의 영역별 및 하위요소 문항 구성은 다음과 같은데, 자기관리 영역에 포함되는 하위요소에는 ‘긍정적 자아개념 형성(7문항)’, ‘자기이해(5문항)’, ‘사회적 기술 함양(5문항)’이 있다. 진로정보 탐색 및 활용 영역에 포함되는 하위요소에는 ‘진로정보 탐색 및 수집(8문항)’, ‘직업세계 이해(5문항)’, ‘바람직한 직업관 및 직업태도 함양(7문항)’이 있다. 진로설계 및 관리 영역에 포함되는 하위요소에는 ‘생애기반 진로선택 및 준비(7문항)’, ‘진로관련 창의성 및 적응력 함양(5문항)’이 있다. 이 검사도구는 자기평정식의 5점 Likert 척도(1=전혀 그렇지 않다, 2=그렇지 않다, 3=보통이다, 4=그렇다, 5=매우 그렇다)로 응답하도록 되어 있으며, 내적일치도 계수는 전체 0.966, 하위요소의 경우 0.798~0.911의 범위로 나타났다. 이 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 후속연구를 제안하면, ① 개발된 검사도구의 지속적인 타당화 연구, ② 보다 명확하고 단일한 요인구조를 이룰 수 있도록 측정 문항에 대한 수정 · 보완 연구, ③ 규준개발을 위한 대규모 표본 대상 연구 등이 필요할 것이다. 연구결과 활용 측면에서는 검사 실시를 통해 중학생 대상진로탐색의 동기부여, 자기성찰에 도움, 진로계획 수립 및 준비 등에 활용할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study was to develop an inventory for measuring career development competency of middle school students. Career Development Competency Inventory for Middle School Students tried to measure the conscious and the unconscious competency of the middle school students to be aware, explore, plan, maintain and develop their career. The inventory was defined as the construct comprised of eight factors and forty-nine items and consumes approximately 10-15 minutes to fill out. The inventory’s constructs and subscale items are as follows. Under self management, ‘forming positive self-concept(7 items)’, ‘self-understanding(5 items)’, ‘developing social skills(5 items)’ were included. Under career information exploring and usage, ‘exploring and gathering career information(8 items)’, ‘understanding occupational information(5 items)’, ‘advisable occupational view and attitude development(7 items)’ were included. Under design and management of life․career, ‘preparing and selecting career based on one’s life(7 items)’, and ‘developing career related creativity and adaptability(5 items)’ were included. The following instrument was of self-report given in the form of 5-point Likert scale(1= Strongly disagree, 2= Disagree, 3= Neutral, 4= Agree, 5= Strongly agree). The internal consistency coefficient of as a whole was shown as 0.966, and the internal consistency coefficient of the subscale ranged shown from 0.798 to 0.911. Based on the result of the study, the following recommendations were proposed for future research. First, the developed inventory should be further validated through correlate research of related instruments, or through researches producing generalizability coefficient. Second, the items need to be revised to clarify and unify the factor structure. Third, the study should gather a larger sample to produce a percentile and a standardization score norm. Lastly, the result can help with motivating, self-understanding, and establishing and preparing for career planning for current middle school students.

유아교사의 교사헌신과 수업전문성간의 관계에서 유아-교사관계(친밀감, 갈등감)의 다중매개효과

임효신,서현아 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 2020 교사교육연구 Vol.59 No.3

This study recognizes the relationship between teacher devotion, teacher expertise, and child-teacher relationship (intimacy, conflict) of the early childhood teacher. The purpose was investigate the multiple mediating effects. In order to realize the purpose of the study, the results of the final analysis were conducted on 333 pre-school teachers at 35 institutions in kindergartens and day care centers located in Pusan. According to the results, the teacher's commitment to the early childhood teacher was found to have an effect on the child-teacher relationship (intimacy, conflict), and the teacher's commitment to the teaching expertise. In addition, it was found that, in the effect of the infant-teacher relationship (intimacy, conflict) on class expertise, intimacy had a positive effect on class expertise, but conflict was not related to class expertise. In addition, as a result of confirming the mediating effect of the teacher-child relationship in the relationship between teacher devotion and class expertise, it was confirmed that intimacy has a partial mediating effect, but conflict does not have a mediating effect. As a result of this study, there is currently no active research between the teacher's dedication and teaching expertise in early childhood teachers, and it is meaningful that it can be used as a theoretical basis in relation to them. It is meaningful that the rationale for the subsequent studies related to this has been established by verifying the multiple mediating effects. 본 연구는 유아교사의 교사헌신과 수업전문성, 유아-교사관계 간의 관계를 알아보고, 유아교사의 교사헌신과 수업전문성과의 관계에서 유아-교사관계(친밀감, 갈등감)의 구조적 관계를 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 연구 목적의 실현을 위하여 P시에 소재하고 있는 유치원 및 어린이집 35곳의 기관에 재직중인 유아교사 333명을 대상으로 결과를 최종 분석하였다. 그 결과 유아교사의 교사헌신은 유아-교사관계(친밀감, 갈등감)에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 교사헌신은 수업전문성에도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 유아-교사관계(친밀감, 갈등감)가 수업전문성에 미치는 영향에서 친밀감은 수업전문성에 정적인 영향을 미치지만 갈등감은 수업전문성과 무관한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 아울러, 교사헌신과 수업전문성간의 관계에서 교사-유아 관계의 매개효과를 확인한 결과 친밀감은 부분매개효과를 가지나 갈등감은 매개효과를 가지지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 현재 유아교사의 교사헌신과 수업전문성간의 연구가 활발히 이루어지지 않고 있는데 그와 관련한 이론적 근거로 활용될 수 있다는데 의의가 있으며, 둘의 관계에서 유아-교사관계(친밀감, 갈등감)의 다중매개효과를 검증함으로써 이와 관련한 후속 연구의 토대를 마련하였다는데 의미가 있다.

전통적 중국 정치 철학과 서양 정치 사상에 있어서의 자연적 호혜주의와 자연법 이론에 관하여(Ⅴ)

임효신 한국인문사회과학회 1982 현상과 인식 Vol.6 No.4