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북한 테러지원국 해제 이후 북핵 전망 및 우리의 대응방향
임채홍 원광대학교 2008 圓光軍事論壇 Vol.- No.4
NK's nuclear issue has double-faceted nature, e.g., an international or a regional issue related to nuclear proliferation and a domestic issue to pose security threat to the Korean peninsula. Recently, disablement process as regards the NK's nuclear facilities has resumed soon after the US State Department announced to remove NK from the list of state sponsors of terrorism. But considering a variety of future issues challenging SK & the US, it is merely a signal that the controversial long journey would begin before long. After terminating disablement, NK will try not to implement or to defer its further obligation if possible on the basis of typical salami tactics making use of forced insistence, unreasonable interpretation, blackmail, etc. It is since NK's nuclear program and its possession of nuclear weapons are useful vehicle of the last resort for its regime survival and sustainability. Reviewing the process of the six party talks, it could be said that there was not much solid ties and concerted cooperation among five parties except NK thanks to national security interests of individual country. In this context; SK should bear in mind following response measures in order to achieve NK's denuclearization successfully through the six party talks on the basis of the CVID(comprehensive, verifiable, irreversible dismantlement) principle. First, SK should continue to maintain six party talks having been lasted so far since 2003, and develop it to more substantive negotiations. Second, SK needs to highlight the role of China and Russia to create nuclear weapons-free NK. particularly through China's intensive pressure to NK. Third, SK ought to continue to attach importance to the CVID principle vis-a-vis NK's nuclear program and nuclear weapons involving the UEP(uranium enrichment program). Fifth, SK should strengthen ROK-US allied relations to stabilize possible military tension between the two Koreas, simultaneously cooperating with the next US government to place NK's nuke issue in the priority. Lastly, SK needs to prudently take into account the alternative plan to provide thermal power plants or whatsoever to NK in lieu of the LWR(Light Water Reactor) to block even the least feasibility able to produce plutonium. In conclusion, It would be essential for the five parties except NK to move forward to the same direction so as to establish denuclearized NK, taking advantage of aforementioned various strategic measures, and further to make NK be a responsible state of the international community, at the earliest date, complying with international nonproliferation norms, NPT and IAEA safeguards.
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PEMFC의 효율적 시뮬레이션을 위한 Matlab/Simulink와 PSIM기반의 Co-Simulation
임채홍,이우택 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2005 공업기술연구 Vol.5 No.-
Fuel Cell system is expected to use widely in the near future. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC) system is broadly investigated due to low operating temperature and fast start up characteristics. To shorten the time and effort putting into development, the simulation procedure is needed, For Simulating Fuel Cell system, specified tools are necessary because Fuel Cell system consists of control system, power generation system and power conversion system. Matlab/Simulink is useful to simulate Fuel Cell's control algorithm and V-I characteristics. PSIM is useful to simulate Fuel Cell system's power conversions. This paper, focuses on Co-Simulation of PEMFC system using Matlab/Sumulink and PSIM. Co-Simulation is an effective method to simulate PEMFC's complicated characteristics.
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Role of Local Treatment for Oligometastasis: A Comparability Based Meta-Analysis
임채홍,조원경,이종훈,김영석,서양권,김경환,지의규,안용찬 대한암학회 2022 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.54 No.4
Purpose We intend to investigate the oncological efficacy and feasibility of local consolidative therapy (LCT) through a meta-analysis method. Materials and Methods Four databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched. Target studies are controlled trials comparing outcomes of LCT versus a control group. Primary endpoints are overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results A total of 54 studies involving 7,242 patients were included. Pooled analyses showed that the LCT arm could achieve improved OS with pooled odds ratio of 2.896 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.377 to 3.528; p < 0.001). Regarding PFS, pooled analyses showed pooled odds ratio of 3.045 (95% CI, 2.356 to 3.937; p < 0.001) in favor of the LCT arm. In the subgroup analyses including the studies with reliable comparability (e.g. randomized studies or intentionally matched studies without significant favorable prognosticator in LCT arms), pooled odds ratio was 2.548 (95% CI, 1.808 to 3.591; p < 0.001) favoring the LCT arm regarding OS. Regarding PFS, pooled OR was 2.656 (95% CI, 1.713 to 4.120; p < 0.001) which also favored the LCT arm. Subgroup analyses limited to the randomized controlled trials (RCT) were also performed and pooled odds ratios on OS and PFS were 1.535 (95% CI, 1.082 to 2.177; p=0.016) and 1.668 (95% CI, 1.187 to 2.344; p=0.003). The rates of grade ≥ 3 complications related to LCT was mostly low (< 10%) and not significantly higher compared to the control arm. Conclusion Pooled analyses results of all included studies, selected studies with reliable comparability, and RCT’s demonstrated the survival benefit of LCT. These consistent results suggest that LCT was beneficial to the patients with oligometastasis.
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임채홍,임형준,정영걸,정환훈,서상준,윤원섭 대한간암학회 2018 대한간암학회지 Vol.18 No.1
Curative treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein invasion is difficult to achieve, and the prognosis is dismal. Combining external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) has shown favorable local therapeutic effects for patients with HCC exhibiting portal vein invasion. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a recently developed EBRT modality that shows excellent tumor control. The combination of SBRT and HAIC for HCC with portal vein invasion has not been well-studied. We report a patient with HCC and portal vein invasion who achieved 15 months of survival with complete response status after combination SBRT and HAIC. The patient later experienced grade 3 biliary stricture and died of liver abscesses of unknown etiologies that subsequently appeared.
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Radiotherapy for pituitary adenomas: long-term outcome and complications
임채홍,양대식,박영제,윤원섭,이정애,김철용 대한방사선종양학회 2011 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.29 No.3
Purpose: To evaluate long-term local control rate and toxicity in patients treated with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for pituitary adenomas. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 60 patients treated with EBRT for pituitary adenoma at Korea University Medical Center from 1996 and 2006. Thirty-fi ve patients had hormone secreting tumors, 25 patients had non-secreting tumors. Fifty-seven patients had received postoperative radiotherapy (RT), and 3 had received RT alone. Median total dose was 54 Gy (range, 36 to 61.2 Gy). The defi nition of tumor progression were as follows: evidence of tumor progression on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, worsening of clinical sign requiring additional operation or others,rising serum hormone level against a previously stable or falling value, and failure of controlling serum hormone level so that the hormone level had been far from optimal range until last follow-up. Age, sex, hormone secretion, tumor extension, tumor size, and radiation dose were analyzed for prognostic signifi cance in tumor control. Results: Median follow-up was 5.7 years (range, 2 to 14.4 years). The 10-year actuarial local control rates for non-secreting and secreting adenomas were 96% and 66%, respectively. In univariate analysis, hormone secretion was signifi cant prognostic factor (p = 0.042) and cavernous sinus extension was marginally signifi cant factor (p = 0.054) for adverse local control. All other factors were not signifi cant. In multivariate analysis, hormone secretion and gender were signifi cant. Fifty-three patients had mass-effect symptoms (headache, dizziness, visual disturbance, hypopituitarism, loss of consciousness, and cranial nerve palsy). A total of 17of 23 patients with headache and 27 of 34 patients with visual impairment were improved. Twenty-seven patients experienced symptoms of endocrine hypersecretion (galactorrhea, amenorrhea, irregular menstruation, decreased libido, gynecomastia,acromegaly, and Cushing’s disease). Amenorrhea was abated in 7 of 10 patients, galactorrhea in 8 of 8 patients, acromegaly in 7 of 11 patients, Cushing’s disease in 4 of 4 patients. Long-term complication was observed in 4 patients; 3 patients with cerebrovascular accident, 1 patient developed dementia. Of these patients, 3 of 4 received more than 60 Gy of irradiation. Conclusion: EBRT is highly effective in preventing recurrence and reducing mass effect of non-secreting adenoma. Effort to improve tumor control of secreting adenoma is required. Careful long-term follow-up is required when relatively high dose is applied. Modern radiosurgery or proton RT may be options to decrease late complications.
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