스토리텔링을 활용한 중학교 자유학기제용 DT-STEAM 프로그램 개발

임영대(YeongDae Lim),김진수(Jinsoo Kim) 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2018 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.8 No.4

이 연구는 융합적 사고력과 창의적 문제해결력의 중요성이 더욱 커지는 4차 산업혁명시대에 삶을 자기주도적으로 개척하는 창의적 융합인재를 육성하기 위하여 기존의 창의성 교육으로 활용되는 발명교육에 스토리텔링을 적용하여 학생들이 스스로 이야기를 구성하는 과정에서 몰입을 이끌어내는 발명프로그램을 개발하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 김진수의 PDIE 모형에 따라 준비-개발-실행-평가의 과정을 거쳤다. 준비단계에서는 기 개발된 발명교육과 스토리텔링을 적용한 프로그램의 문제점과 요구를 분석하였고, 개발단계에서는 8차시 분량의 교수․학습 과정안과 교사용 지도서 및 학습 활동지를 개발하였고, 실행단계에서는 중학교 1학년 자유학기제에 적용하여 예비수업과 본 수업을 실시하였고, 수업 과정에서 도출된 문제점을 수정․보완하였다. 평가단계에서는 전문가의 타당도 평가와 학생만족도 평가를 실시하여 비교적 타당한 프로그램으로 분석되었다. 발명교육에 스토리텔링을 적용하면 스토리를 만드는 과정 속에서 문제 상황을 깊이 있게 인식하고, 자신이 제안한 발명아이디어의 실용성을 높이려고 몰입을 하게 되어 수업에 적극적으로 참여하는 기반을 마련할 수 있었다. We are now living in the fourth industrial revolution era which requires an integrated thinking ability and the capacity to solve a problem in a creative manner. In this regard, this study attempted to apply a storytelling method to the current invention education which is conducted as a creativity education, thereby creating an invention program in which students can be immersed in their own stories while they are composing them, with the aim to foster creative, integrated and talented students who can develop their own life with their self-learning ability. This study has gone through the processes of Preparation-Development-Implementation-Evaluation in accordance with the PDIE Model developed by Jinsoo Kim to achieve the purpose of this paper. In the preparation stage, the issues and demands were analyzed of the program which is created by the combination of the existing invention education and the story telling method. In the development stage, a teaching and learning curriculum, a teacher’s guide book and a learning activity material were developed covering 8th session. In the implementation stage, the preliminary and main classes were given to the first graders of a middle school in accordance with the free semester system, and the issues discovered during the classes were corrected and supplemented. In the evaluation stage, as a result of the expert feasibility assessment and student satisfaction evaluation, this program turned out to be relatively feasible. By applying the story telling method to the invention education, students could recognize the situations in question more deeply while they made their own stories, and they got to concentrate to enhance the practicality of their inventive ideas, which encouraged their active participation in the class.

釜山·慶南地域의 工業立地에 關한 硏究 : 工業入地上의 兩分性과 階層性 點檢 An Examination of Heartland-Periphery Dichotomy and Hierarchy in the Industrial Location

林永大 新羅大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

This is a case study on the industrial location in which its main purpose is to examine heartland-periphery dichotomy and hierarchical distribution of industry according to regional sizes in Busan and Kyeongnam areas. For this purpose, data on establishments and employees by firm sizes and industrial sectors (84 sectors) were drawn from business directories of Busan and Kyeongnam areas for 1980. The results were as follows; Differences of industrial structure between hearland and periphery in the study area are not found in the distribution of industrial sectors but in the distribution of firm sizes. Hierarchy of industrial structure according to regional sizes also does not exist in the distribution of industrial sectors but in the distribution of firm sizes. heartland and higher-order areas include more firms, not only in the number of small firms but of large firms than periphery and lower-order areas. In contrast, this trend is not found in the industrial sectors. The absence of heartland-periphery dichotomy and hierarchy according to regional sizes seems to be due to the following factors: 1) predominance of hearland and high-order areas in the concentration amount of industry regardless of the locational characteristics; 2) relative underdeveloment of industry in periphery and lower-order areas due to the absence of raw materials in periphery and lower-order areas and the dong distance transport of faw materials from the periphery and the lower-order areas to the heartland and the higher-order aras; and 3) relative developmen: of fabricating and integrative activities in the periphery and lower-order areas due to the regional characteristic monents such as government policy. These factors, therefore should be much accounted of in the study of industrial location in Busan and Kyeongnam areas.

都市工業의 空間變異 : the Case of Ulsan City 蔚山市의 境遇

林永大 新羅大學校 1988 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

On the basis of the analysis of growth, structural changes, and spatial varia-tions of manufacturing in Ulsan city from 1962 to 1985, this study mainly aims at the followings: 1) to clarify the characteristics of structural changes, historical moments and spatial variations of Ulsan manufacturing, 2) to explain the characteristics of spatial variations of urban manufacturing in Korea, 3) to confirm whether the results of preceding studies on spatial variations of urban manufacturing can be applied to those of Korea and to supplement them, and 4) to supply informations for the urban planning on the spatial arrangements of manufaturing. In this study, hard data were used as the basic data. They were about the types of manufacturing, the names of firms and their owners, the addresses and the number of employees, recored in registers of firms and yearbooks. The major findings were as follows: 1. With the growth of manufacturing, the structure of urban manufaturing tended to be simplified and the structure changed from the low value-added, pre-stage manufacturing (food & beverages and textile, wearing apparrel & leather ) to the high value-added, post-stage manufacturing (chemicals and fabricated metalproducts & machinery). And the size of firms was enlarged. 2. The growth and structural change of manufacturing resulted from the political changes and geographical conditions. 3. Though the factors that caused the outward spatial expansion to a specific direction were diverse, the main factor was Iandform. 4. The degree of development and the spatial paterns of urban manufacturing were reflected in the areal differences of agglomeration degree within the industrial space of a city. These are 1) the initial stage, 2) the stage of CBD concentration, 3) of outer city dominance and 6) of suburban dominance in order. It was found that manufacturing of Ulsan city was in the last stage, the stage of suburban do-minance in 1985. 5. Despite of the tendencies that different types and sizes of manufacturing made different spatial variations of urban manufaturing, it is difficult to say that there are the relationships between the characteristics of spatial variations and the locational characteristics with except firm size. 6. The spatial variations of manufacturing were the results of the decrease of the number of firms in inner city and of the increase of the number of firms in outer city. 7. Though the processes of spatial variations resulted from the sum of births, beaths, size changes and relocations of firms, the first two were the most impor-tant. On the basis of above facts, hypotheses established in this study, were examined. Among eight hypotheses, six (hypothesis A2, A3, B1, B3, B4 and B5) were examined positively, one (hypothesis B2) positively but partially, and one (hypothesis A1) negatively. In conclusion, the characteristics of manufacturing in study area were the same as those of urban manufacturing proved by the preceding studies excepting the tendency to biased structural changes. There fore it would be possible to apply the results of preceding studies on urban manufacturing to the explanation of urban manufacturing in Korea. For the better explanation of spatial variations of urban manufacturing in Korea, however, it is necessary to supplement the viewpoints, with viewpoints on pecular characteristics of spatial variations of Korean urban manufacturing.

馬山工業의 空間變異, 1953∼1986年

林永大 新羅大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.30 No.-

The main purpose of this study is to clarify characteristics of spatial variations of manufacturing in Masan city from 1953 to 1986. The secondary purpose is to find locational problems of manufacturing and to search for effective device for arrangements of manufacturing to solve the problems. Four hypotheses were made on the basis of previous studies on the spatial variations of intraurban manufacturing. Masan city within the boundary line in 1986 was selected as the study area. Study period from 1953 to 1986 was divided into five:before 1953, 1953∼1962, 1962∼1972, 1972∼1981 and 1981∼1986. Hard data were used as the basic data. They were about the products, the names of firms and their owners, the addresses and number of employees recorded in registers of firms and yearbooks. The spatial variations by types and sizes of manufacturing were analysed in terms of agglomeration degrees and concentration degrees of unit areas, diffusion of munufacturing distribution and expansion of agglomerated areas zonal distribution of agglomeration degrees and number of agglomerated areas, zonal average firms sizes, position and movement of gravity centers, and structure of processes. The major findings were as follows: 1. Spatial expansion and increase of agglomeration degree of manufacturing in study area were due to the growth of manufacturing. They, especially, were prominent from 1962 to 1972 in which manufacturing growth was rapid. 2. Due to the landform and infrastructure of the study area, the outward spatial variations of manufacturing went on mainly toward the north and the northeast which was the developmental direction of the area. These spatial variations transformed the distributional pattern of manufacturing biased toward the south west in 1962 into the pattern biased toward the notheast since 1962. 3. In the course of the outward spatial variations, the manufacturing of study area experienced three stages of six growth stages:the stage of CBD dominance before 1953, of inner city dominance in 1953∼1962, and of outer city dominance in 1962∼1986. 4. Though there tended to be different types of spatial variations according to different types and sizes of manufacturing, there were no close relationships between the types of spatial variations and the locational characteristics of manufacturing except the relationships between the firm sizes and the sizes of spatial variations. 5. The spatial variations were due to the results:decrease and weakened increase of manufacturing in CBD and inner city, and increase of manufacturing resulted from the combination of such processes as births, deaths, changes of sizes and relocations of firms, the main processes were the births and the deaths of firms. There were no differences of the process types among the types and sizes of manufacturing. Though the births or the deaths were prominent in every zone, the deths were the most important process in CBD and inner city in contrast to the births in the outer city and suburb. On the basis of the above facts, all hypotheses were examined positively but one hypothesis(hypothesis 2) partially. The types of the spatial variations of study area, therefore, are similar to those of spatial variations of metropolitan manufacturing except the fact that the stage of spatial variations of study area is earlier than that of the metropolitan manufacturing and the types of spatial variations by manyfacturing types are irrelevant to the locational characteristics. The locational problems found in the examination of spatial variations in the study area were as follows: 1. Decentralizations of manufacturing toward specific directions hinder balanced growth and development of the study are. Though the decentralizations went mainly to the developmental direction of study area(north and northeast) due to the landform, infrastructure and regional policy, the continuatuation of this tendency would deform the spatial structure of areal functions and would bring about difficulties in performing effective areal functions. 2. Though there tends to be the decrease of manufacturing in CBD and inner city and the increase in outer city and suburb, manufacturing locations are still in CBD and inner city. This suggests that decentralization policy for manufactruing in the study area has depended rather on the births and deaths of firms than on the relocations. 3. There are no close relationships between spatial variations of manufacturing and their locational orientations. This suggests that the locational policy for manufacturing in the study area has mainly depended on the births and deaths of firms, and has been indiscriminate to the locational orientations. To slove the locational problems above, the following devices are necessary to be considered. 1. It is required to induce decentralization of manufacturing to another directions, or to develop lands for manufacturing locations in the adjacent hinterlands accompanied with transferring another urban functions to this direction for keeping the existing decentralization to specific direction. 2. The positive decentralization policy for manufacturing is necessary:the relocations of firms;the inducement of firm locations in surburb in contrast to the restraint in CBD and inner city. 3. The discriminate locational policy for manufacturing is required:to permit locations of small-scal, non-pollutive and low standardized manufacturing in the limited areas of inner city collectively; to induce the location of large-scale, pollutive and standardized manufacturing requiring large space in outer city or suburb accompanying the development of infrastructure in these areas.

A STUDY ON THE MARINE RECREATION ONDUSTRY IN PUGET SOUND AREA : ITS STRUCTURE, AND IMPACTS ON THE REGIONAL ECONOMY

Lim, Yeongdae 新羅大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

海洋 recreation 産業은 방대하고 多樣하며 Puget Sound 地域經濟에 상당한 기여를 하고 있다.Puget Sound 地域의 海洋 recreation 産業은 1)8,340人의 從事者, 2) $506,400,000相當 의 製品과 service, 3) $183,900,000의 附加價値 고리고, 4) $92,100,000의 賃金을 나타내고 있다. 그러나 이 産業이 그 補助産業과 함께 고려됨 때는 그 숫자가 139,000人의 從事者, 547,9000,000외 製品과 serivice, 214,300,000의 附加價値로 增加한다. Puget Sound 地域의 海洋 recreation 産業은 5個 部門으로 繼成되어 있다. 즉, boat 및 trailer 製造業,基他 海洋機械器具 製造業, 정박업, 海洋交易業, 其他 海洋 service業으로 構 成되어 있다. 이 中 boat 및 trailer 製造業이 가장 중요한 業種으로 되어 있다. 또 이들 5個 部門間에는 강한 linkage가 存注하고 있다. 이들 産業의 各 部門別 主要 生産品, service, 그리고 市場은 다음과 같다. 1) boat 및 trailer 製造梁 : fiber glass boat, boat trailer, oat 修理 31%-Puget Sound 地域, 63%-Puget sound外의 地域. 2) 其他 海洋機械器具 製造業 : sail 製造, 海洋印刷, 해양 Sport製造 및 電氣機械器具 :30%-Puget Sound地域, 20%-他産業, 15%-政府, 15%投資,15%-Puget Sound외의 地域, 3) 정박業: 정박, boat보관, 專貰 boat, gas, 식음료품 販賣, 98%-Puger Sound 地域 4) 海洋交易業 :海洋都小賣 : 87%-Puget Sound 地域 5) 其他 海洋 service 業: 海洋保險, 海洋金融, boat 特許 : 98%-Puger Sound 地域 .