초임계 유체를 이용한 젬시타빈 함유 PLLA/젬시타빈-PLLA 미립자의 제조 및 방출 특성

홍진희(Jin-Hee Hong),임교빈(Giobin Lim),유종훈(Jong-Hoon Ryu) 한국생물공학회 2014 KSBB Journal Vol.29 No.6

In this study, gemcitabine (Gem)-Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) conjugates were synthesized through an amide linkage reaction. Then, the microparticles of Gem-PLLA/PLLA blends containing gemcitabine were prepared using a supercritical fluid process, called aerosol solvent extraction system(ASES). Gemcitabine-loaded Gem-PLLA/PLLA microparticles obtained from the ASES process showed a spherical shape. The amount of gemcitabine released after 30 day incubation in a phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.4 was about 90% of the total amount of gemcitabine present in the product.

초임계 이산화탄소를 이용한 Zein 미립자 제조

유종훈(Jong-Hoon Ryu),임교빈(Giobin Lim) 한국생물공학회 2012 KSBB Journal Vol.27 No.4

In this study, zein microparticles and drug-loaded zein microparticles were prepared using supercritical ASES technique. The effects of operating parameters on particle size and morphology were investigated. ASES-processed zein microparticles consisted of agglomerates of very fine unit particles. As temperature increased, the size of unit particles increased and their morphology became more spherical. The addition of water to the solvents for zein resulted in the formation of more spherical microparticles. The release characteristics of drug-loaded zein microparticles were also studied.

초임계 PGSS 공정을 이용한 Coriander 정유 함유 PEG 미세입자 제조

최진아(Jin-Ah Choi),임교빈(Giobin Lim),유종훈(Jong-Hoon Ryu) 한국생물공학회 2010 KSBB Journal Vol.25 No.4

본 연구에서는 coriander 정유의 안정성 향상을 위해 초임계 PGSS 공정을 이용하여 coriander 정유가 봉입된 PEG 미세입자를 제조하였으며 공정 온도와 압력, 노즐 크기가 미세입자의 크기, 형태 및 정유의 봉입률에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. 100 μm 노즐을 사용하여 얻어진 미세입자의 형상을 분석한 결과 1-10 μm 크기의 구형 입자 형태를 나타내었으나 노즐의 크기가 증가한 경우에는 덩어리진 입자가 얻어짐을 확인하였다. 온도, 압력 변화에 따라 얻어진 미세입자의 경우 일정 압력 조건에서 공정 온도가 높아짐에 따라, 일정 온도 조건에서 공정 압력이 낮아짐에 따라 구형입자 비율이 증가함을 보였으며, 일정 온도 조건에서는 공정 압력이 높아짐에 따라 더 많은 기공을 가지는 입자가 생성됨을 확인하였다. 제조된 PEG 미세입자 내 coriander 정유의 봉입률은 모든 온도 조건에서 가장 낮은 압력인 75 bar일 때 가장 높은 값을 보였다. In the present study, biocompatible poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) microparticles containing coriander essential oil were prepared using a supercritical particles from gas saturated solution (PGSS) process to improve the stability of the coriander oil. The effects of various process parameters such as temperature, pressure, and nozzle diameter on the morphology and entrapment efficiency of coriander oil loaded PEG microparticles were then investigated. A positive influence on the formation of spherical microparticles was observed with increasing temperature and decreasing pressure. Furthermore, somewhat more porous microparticles were produced with an increase in pressure. At a given temperature, the highest entrapment efficiency of coriander essential oil in PEG microparticles was observed under the lowest experimental pressure condition.

초음파가 적용된 초임계 유체 공정을 이용한 캐놀라오일 추출

황아름(Ah-Reum Hwang),임교빈(Giobin Lim),유종훈(Jong-Hoon Ryu) 한국생물공학회 2010 KSBB Journal Vol.25 No.5

본 연구에서는 초임계 이산화탄소의 추출기술에 초음파 적용을 위한 기초 연구로서 캐놀라 씨앗의 입자의 크기, CO₂ 유속, 추출기의 종횡비, 초음파 파워 등의 공정변수가 캐놀라 오일의 추출 속도와 수율에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. 초임계 이산화탄소 추출에 있어 씨앗을 더 작게 분쇄할수록 더 빠른 추출속도를 보였으며, 추출기의 종횡비가 감소할수록, CO₂의 유속이 증가할수록 추출 속도는 증가하였다. 그러나 초음파가 적용된 초임계 이산화탄소 추출의 경우 0.6 mm 이하로 분쇄된 씨앗의 입자 크기 분포가 가장 큰 시료 C의 경우 입자들의 뭉침 현상 증가로 인해 오히려 초음파의 적용이 추출속도와 수율을 크게 감소시켰으며, 12.0 L/min의 CO₂ 유속에서도 추출 속도와 수율이 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 초음파의 적용은 초기 추출시간 50-70분동안 추출속도 증가에 거의 영향을 미치지 않았으며, 초음파 파워 또한 추출 속도와 수율의 증가에 큰 영향을 미치지 않음을 확인할 수 있었다. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ultrasound on the extraction of oil from canola seeds when supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO₂) was used as an extraction solvent. The ultrasound-assisted SCCO₂ extraction were carried out while varying such operating parameters as particle size of crushed canola seed, flow rate of SCCO₂, aspect ratio of the extraction vessel, and ultrasound power. The extraction rate decreased with increasing particle size of samples, showing a maximun at a CO₂ flow rate of 6.2 L/min. Both the extraction rate and extraction yield increased with a decrease in the aspect ratio of the extraction vessel. For the ultrasoundassisted SCCO₂ extraction, the extraction yield was slightly increased when the CO₂ flow rate was below 6 mL/min with sample A and B.

W/O/W 다중유화법을 이용한 젬시타빈 함유 Methoxy Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-Poly(L-lactide) 미립자 제조

유종훈(Jong-Hoon Ryu),정인일(In-Il Jung),이지은(Ji-Eun Lee),임교빈(Giobin Lim) 한국생물공학회 2011 KSBB Journal Vol.26 No.4

In this study, gemcitabine-loaded methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lactide) (MPEG-PLLA) microparticles with different PEG block lengths were prepared by a W/O/W double emulsion technique. The present study focuses on the investigation of the influence of various preparative parameters such as the ratio of internal water phase and oil phase, polymer concentration, solvent composition of organic phase and salt concentration of external water phase on the morphology and encapsulation efficiency of the microparticles. The microparticles fabricated at high volume ratios of internal water phase to oil phase and at high polymer concentrations showed a relatively high encapsulation efficiency and low porosity. When a dichloromethane/ethyl acetate mixture was used as solvent, both the encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of the microparticles decreased as the level of ethyl acetate increased. The addition of a salt (NaCl) to the external water phase significantly improved the encapsulation efficiency up to 40%, and the microparticles became more spherical with their size and porosity decreased.

초임계 이산화탄소와 유기용매를 이용한 Chlorella vulgaris 오일의 추출

유종훈(Jong-Hoon Ryu),박미란(Mi-Ran Park),임교빈(Giobin Lim) 한국생물공학회 2014 KSBB Journal Vol.29 No.2

Three different types of extraction processes, which used supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO₂) and organic solvent, were attempted to improve the extraction yield of oil from Chlorella vulgaris: cosolvent-modified SCCO₂ extraction, SCCO₂ extraction with ultrasonic sample treatment in organic solvent, and static extraction with organic solvent followed by dynamic SCCO₂ extraction. Among these, the last SCCO₂ extraction process was found to be most effective in the extraction of oil. Compared with pure SCCO₂ extraction, the extraction yield of oil was observed to increase about 7 times.

초임계 이산화탄소를 이용한 Chlorella vulgaris의 오일 추출

유종훈(Jong-Hoon Ryu),박미란(Mi-Ran Park),임교빈(Giobin Lim) 한국생물공학회 2011 KSBB Journal Vol.26 No.5

In this study, two different extraction techniques, organic solvent extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO₂) extraction, were employed to evaluate the extraction efficiency of oil from Chlorella vulgaris. In the organic solvent extraction, the effects of various organic solvent on the extraction yield were investigated. The SCCO₂ extraction was carried out while varying such operating parameters as temperature, pressure, SCCO₂ flow rate, and cosolvent. About 4.9 wt% of oil was extracted from ground Chrollera vulgaris for 18 h when dichloromethane/methanol (2:1, v/v) was used as an extraction solvent. The oil yield of the SCCO₂ extraction was found to be very low (0.53 wt%) and to increase up to about 0.86 wt% with the addition of cosolvent.

초임계 이산화탄소를 이용한 Gemcitabine 함유 PLLA 미립자 제조

주현재(Hyun-Jae Joo),정인일(In-Il Jung),임교빈(Giobin Lim),유종훈(Jong-Hoon Ryu) 한국생물공학회 2011 KSBB Journal Vol.26 No.1

In this study, poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) microparticles containing gemcitabine hydrochloride were prepared by a supercritical fluid process, called aerosol solvent extraction system (ASES), utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide as antisolvent. The influence of process parameters such as temperature, pressure, CO₂ and solution flow rate, solution concentration, and feed ratio of drug to polymer on the morphology and characteristics of the microparticles was studied in detail. The gemcitabine-loaded microparticles exhibited a spherical shape with a smooth surface. The entrapment efficiency of gemcitabine increased with increasing temperature, solution concentration and CO₂ flow rate and with decreasing drug/polymer feed ratio. The maximum drug loading obtained from the ASES process was found to be about 11%. The ASES-processed PLLA microparticles containing gemcitabine showed a relatively high initial burst due to the presence of surface pores on the microparticles and the poor affinity between drug and polymer.

두 종류의 분산염료를 이용한 폴리에스테르 섬유의 초임계유체 염색

정인일(In-Il Jung),이상윤(Sang-Yun Lee),임교빈(Giobin Lim),유종훈(Jong-Hoon Ryu) 한국청정기술학회 2011 청정기술 Vol.17 No.2

본 연구에서는 초임계 이산화탄소를 사용하여 50~90 ℃의 온도와 15~30 MPa의 압력범위에서 두 종류의 분산염료(C.I. Disperse Yellow 54, C.I. Disperse Red 60)를 사용하여 폴리에스테르 섬유의 염색에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 동일압력(30MPa)과 밀도(700 kg/m³) 조건에서 Red 60을 이용한 초임계유체 염색을 수행한 결과, 온도 증가에 따라 폴리에스테르 섬유내에 염착되는 염료의 양이 증가하였으며, Red 60의 경우 90 ℃, 30 MPa의 염색 조건에서 240분내에 염착평형상태에 도달하였으나, Yellow 54의 경우는 360분 이상의 염색시간이 요구되었다. 다양한 혼합비율(Red 60/Yellow 54, 0.01~9.0 wt./wt.)로 두 종류의 염료를 배합하여 초임계유체 염색 실험을 수행한 결과 Red 60/Yellow 54의 혼합비에 대한 Red 60/Yellow 54 염착량비는 로그스케일 그래프에서 비례하는 것을 확인하였다. 색상은 두 염료의 중간색인 오렌지색을 얻을 수 있었으며, 색의 짙은 정도는 염료의 혼합비율에 의존하는 것을 확인하였다. The dyeing of polyester fiber with two different disperse dyes (Disperse Red 60 and Disperse Yellow 54) was carried out using supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO₂) as a dyeing medium at temperatures ranging from 50 ℃ to 90 ℃ and at pressures from 15 MPa to 30 MPa. The dye uptake of Disperse Red 60 on polyester fiber was found to increase with temperature at constant pressure and SCCO₂ density (700 kg/m³). At 90 ℃ and 30 MPa, the dye uptake on polyester fiber increased with dyeing time and the saturation concentration of Red 60 was attained within 240 min, while a longer dyeing time was required for Yellow 54 to reach its saturation concentration. When dyestuff mixtures with mixing ratios of 0.01 to 9.0 (Red 60/Yellow 54) were used, the uptake ratio of the two dyes was found to be proportional to 0.26 power of their mixing ratio. Dyed fibers showed an orange color and the depth of the color depended upon the mixing ratio of the dyestuffs.