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조선 왕실과 대한제국 황실 어보 보수(寶綬)의 재료학적 분석
이혜연,김주영,조문경,김민지,박대우,이정민,Lee, Hyeyoun,Kim, Jooyoung,Cho, Mungyeong,Kim, Minji,Park, Daewoo,Lee, Jungmin 한국문화재보존과학회 2021 보존과학회지 Vol.37 No.2
조선의 어보는 국가 왕실을 상징하는 인장이다. 보수(寶綬)는 어보에 달린 붉은 끈으로, 어보의 품격을 높여주는 장식의 목적과 취급의 편리를 위해 제작되었다. 보수는 끈목과 방울술로 이루어졌다. 본 연구는 1441년부터 1928년까지 제작된 조선 왕실 및 대한제국 황실 어보의 보수 총 318점을 대상으로 형태 조사, 색상, 재질, 성분 분석 등을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 끈목은 시기가 후반으로 갈수록 길어지고 얇아지는 양상을 보인다. 방울술은 1800년대 중후반부터 방울목이 대부분 사라지고 술 끝에 고리가 나타난다. 보수의 색상은 대부분 다홍색이지만 주황색과 자주색도 확인된다. 보수의 재질은 대부분 실크로 확인되지만 1900년대 제작된 어보의 보수 5점과 1740년대에 제작된 어보의 보수 1점은 레이온으로 추정된다. 1740년대에 제작된 어보의 보수는 1900년대에 교체된 것으로 보인다. 방울술을 장식하는 금지의 주요 성분은 시대에 따라 달라진다. 1800년대 중반까지는 술과 방울에 금(Au)이 주요 성분인 금지를 사용하지만 1800년대 중반 이후부터 술에는 금(Au), 방울에는 황동(Cu-Zn)이 주요 성분인 금지를 사용하다가, 후반 이후 술과 방울에 황동이 주요 성분인 금지를 사용하였다. 보수는 어보의 한 부속품이지만 본 연구를 통하여 시대에 따른 제작 기법과 재질의 변화를 확인할 수 있었다. The royal seal, in either gold or jade, is used to symbolize Joseon's royal family, and it is made up of a Bonu (a handle), Bosin (a body), Bomun (a letter inscribed on the seal), and Bosu (a string attached to the seal). The Bosu was designed to enhance the seal's dignity and facilitate convenient handling. Bosu consists of Kkeun-mog and Bangwool-sul (decorated with gilt paper), which are made of Bangwool, Bangwool-mog, and Sul. In this study, the form survey, color, material, and composition of 318 Bosu pieces from the Joseon Dynasty and Korean Empire produced from 1441 to 1928 were analyzed. As time passed, the strings on the seals became longer and thinner. Bangwool-mog disappeared from the mid-1800s, and a ring appeared at the end of the Sul. Most of the colors used were scarlet, but orange and purple were also identified. Although most of the Bosu are silk, five Bosu from the 1900s and one Bosu from the 1740s (likely replaced in the 1900s) are estimated to be rayon. The gilt paper's main chemical components used to decorate the Bangwool-sul vary according to age. Until the mid-1800s, gold (Au) was used for the Sul and Bangwool, but since the mid-1800s, gold (Au) and brass (Cu-Zn) were used for Sul and Bangwool, respectively, and then brass (Cu-Zn) was used for Sul and Bangwool. While the Bosu was a seal accessory, it can be used to identify changes in the manufacturing techniques and materials of the period.
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양은아(Yang, Euna),노일경(Noh, Ilkyung),이혜연(Lee, Hyeyoun) 한국방송통신대학교 미래원격교육연구원 2018 평생학습사회 Vol.14 No.4
Based on the problematic consciousness that colleges and universities provide poor supportive systems as higher lifelong education institutions for the growing number of learners with multicultural backgrounds to enter a higher education institution in the multicultural era, this study set out to explore the roles and supportive systems of colleges and universities to support the expanded opportunities of higher lifelong education, capabilities of academic performance, and connection of capabilities to the labor market after graduation. For this purpose, the study analyzed related policies and cases home and abroad and selected Korea National Open University as a representative case of South Korea to conduct a survey and in-depth interviews with learners with multicultural backgrounds around the major issues and needs identified at meetings of experts and learners with multicultural backgrounds. The findings show that the following basic directions should be based to explore supportive systems for higher lifelong education for learners with multicultural backgrounds: first, the study proposed the following plans to support higher lifelong education of learners with multicultural backgrounds: improving the credit recognition system to enter college; introducing a credit recognition system into the liberal art courses for characterization; and introducing a Korean proficiency certificate system for the substantiality of graduation requirements. Second, the study proposed the following plans to build a system for specialized admission and academic consultation of learners with multicultural backgrounds: installing an agency devoted to the support of learners with multicultural backgrounds and providing education on multicultural awareness to the devoted personnel and staff members on campus. Third, the study proposed the following plans to run a higher lifelong education course and a supportive system for learning: reinforcing support for Korean education for academic purposes and systemizing the supportive system plan for basic education to increase learning abilities for higher education. Fourth, the study proposed a couple of strategies to prevent drop-outs in the learning process and support successful college life such as connecting human resources among learners with multicultural backgrounds and supporting the activation of their community. Finally, the study proposed the following plans to help learners with multicultural backgrounds develop a career and build a system to support their stay: to provide programs to help them with career development and employment support and to devise a service to help married migrant women obtain a stable stay qualification after graduation.
ScienceON
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