도시 노인들의 걷기활동 참여에 영향을 주는 물리적 환경요인 분석

이형숙,안준석,전승훈,Lee, Hyung-Sook,Ahn, Joon-Suk,Chun, Seung-Hoon 한국조경학회 2011 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.39 No.2

일상적인 걷기활동과 신체활동은 노인들이 건강한 삶을 유지하는데 필수적인 활동으로, 걷기활동을 지원하고 참여를 촉진할 수 있는 물리적 환경의 제공의 중요성이 점점 커지고 있다. 본 연구는 도시 노인의 걷기활동의 참여 실태를 파악하고, 노인들의 걷기운동 수행과 관련성이 있는 개인적, 물리적 환경요인을 파악하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 이를 위해 수도권 지역의 60세 이상 노인을 대상으로 한 심층면접을 통하여, 일주일 동안의 이동목적이나 운동목적의 걷기활동 참여빈도와 시간을 측정하였으며, 행동변화 단계모델을 바탕으로 보다 정확한 걷기운동 수행 현황을 고찰하였다. 또한 공원 접근성, 보행로 시설, 교통시설 등 물리적 환경에 대한 인식과 만족도 및 평소 걷기활동에 장애가 되는 물리적인 요인들을 조사하였다. 분석결과, 과반수가 넘는 노인들이 규칙적인 걷기운동을 실천하고 있었으며, 행동변화 단계에 있어서는 6개월 이상 걷기운동을 지속하는 유지단계의 노인들 비율도 높았다. 걷기 운동장소로 선호되고 있는 곳은 도보권 내의 공원이나 산책로, 아파트 단지 등이 많았으며, 유료시설의 체육시설이나 실내 운동기구 이용은 상대적으로 낮았다. 또한 걷기운동 빈도에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 물리적 환경 요인으로는 공원접근성, 교통안전, 신호등, 가로등이 있었으며, 소득이 상대적으로 적은 노인들은 걷기운동에 대한 선호도가 보다 높은 것으로 파악되었다. 노인들은 교통안전에 대한 만족도를 매우 낮게 평가하였고, 교통사고에 대한 우려가 걷기활동에 있어 큰 장애가 되고 있는 것으로 조사되어, 노인시설을 중심으로 한 안전한 노인보행환경 개선이 시급한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 도시 노인들의 일상적인 걷기활동 지원 및 증진을 위한 근린환경의 제공, 노인들의 걷기활동 지원 프로그램 마련에 필요한 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. Since walking and physical activity are critical for older adults to maintain their health, it is important to provide neighborhood environments which encourage their walking in daily life. The purposes of the present study were to investigate walking activity patterns of older people in an urban setting and to identify environmental correlates with walking of older adults. This study examined spatial and temporal patterns of physical activities, environmental barriers and motivations, satisfaction levels and demands on the physical environment. In-depth interviews with older adults over age sixty residing in Seoul metropolitan areas revealed that most respondents have a positive perception on walking in daily life, and many of them walk regularly for their health. A primary purpose of walking for older adults was exercise for health rather than transportation. The study result demonstrated that parks and trails were the most preferred places for walking by older adults, and there is an association between frequency of walking participation and access or convenience to parks, traffic safety, and street lights. Most respondents were concerned about traffic safety when they walk in their neighborhoods due to traffic speeds and unsafe streets. Lack of separate sidewalks or benches, stairs and slopes were barriers to older adults' walking habits. This data suggests that the promotion of walking behavior among older adults, some level of public health action, and community support are needed to ensure safe physical environments within communities.

성인의 구강건강인식과 주관적 구강증상과의 관련성

이형숙 ( Hyung Suk Lee ) 한국치위생학회 2010 한국치위생학회지 Vol.10 No.4

Objectives: This study was to evaluate the association between perceived oral health and perceived oral symptoms among adults in Daegu. Methods: All 437 subjects aged 18 or more selected convenience sampling were surveyed cross-sectionally via the self-administrated questionnaire. The questionnaire was measured perceived oral symptoms and perceived oral health, and also obtained socio-demographic characteristics, oral health behaviors. To assess the crude associations, bivariate analysis were applied. For the adjusted association between perceived oral health and perceived oral symptoms, multivariate linear regression multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results: 33.2% of the adults rated their perceived oral health was good, and 30.9% as poor. Older age, low education, had peridontal disease was negatively perceived their oral health(p<0.05). As oral symptoms were more frequently perceived, the perceived oral health were negative. Among the factors of perceived oral symptoms, trouble biting/chewing, poor periodontal status, trouble of appearance of teeth were positively associated with the perceived oral health after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, oral health behaviors in the regression model. Age, education, income, recent dental treatment, and all perceived oral symptoms showed the highest impact of association with perceived oral health in the baseline-category logit model. Conclusions: Perceived oral health are significantly associated with perceived oral symptoms among adults in Daegu. The findings of this study will be helpful to design plans of oral health promotion in welfare institutions to increase the oral health related quality of life among the adults. (J Korean Soc Dent Hygiene 2010;10(4):671-681)

치위생 교육과정 분석

이형숙 ( Hyung Suk Lee ) 한국치위생학회 2009 한국치위생학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to suggest the basic data to develop the national exam contents for dental hygiene by comparing with those of other country. Method: Several dental hygiene education course results were reviewed, and analyzed the culture subjects, basic major subjects, educational subjects, national exam contents in 3 or 4 years dental hygiene curriculum. Results: In Korea, grades of culture subjects in dental hygiene curriculum were different between 3 and 4 years education course, mean grades were 10.4, and 34.5 respectively. While there were few different between 3 and 4 years education course, mean grades were 36, and 36.5 respectively in foreign country. In Korea, grades of major subjects in dental hygiene curriculum were similar between 3 and 4 years education course as mean grades of 110, while there were different between 3 and 4 years education course, mean grades were 60 and 80 respectively in foreign country. In Korea, number of major subject was higher in 4 years (n=61) than 3 years (n=54). However, it was lower in 4 years (n=27) than in 3 years (n=33) in foreign country. Total grade number was 129 in 3 years, and 145 in 4 years in Korea, while it was 97 in 3 years, and 116 in 4 years in foreign country. By analyzing 3 years education course, culture subject was 9.5%, basic health was 11.2%, oral biology was 11.2%, clinical dentistry was 20.7%, public oral health was 10.4%, oral hygiene care was 35.9%, management of dental clinic was 9.4%, education was 2.8% in Korea. In USA, dental hygiene examination contains practice work as major part, while theory was thought of as most important things in korea. Conclusion: It is necessary to improve learning course of dental hygiene curriculum on the basis of other country`s system, and then it could be possible to development of good quality`s national examination contents, thus good quality of dental hygiene personnel would be turned out in Korea.

치과병,의원 내원환자의 구강건강관리 및 진료특성별 구강위생용품 사용실태 비교

이형숙 ( Hyung Suk Lee ),김영선 ( Young Sun Kim ) 한국치위생학회 2008 한국치위생학회지 Vol.8 No.3

This study has been performed for patients who visited dental clinic in Daegu and kyungpook area. The oral health care, dental treatments about the use of oral hygiene devices were obtained through self-administering questionnaires from 1 to 30, August, 2006. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The average percent of using dental floss was 34.2%, followed by interproximal brush was 33.9%, mouthrinse was 33.5%, electric toothbrush was 19.6%, orthodontic brush was 10.6%, and tongue cleaner was 10.2%. 2. Poor to perceive oral health was 36.4% in the patients who perceived oral hygiene device, and there was statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Moderate to perceive oral health was 40.8% in the patients who using oral hygiene device, and there was also statistically significant difference (p<0.05). 3. In the patients who 3 or 4 times toothbrushing a day, the average percent of perceived oral hygiene device was 67.7%, and the average percent of using oral hygiene device was 59.8% (p<0.05). In the patients who had experience of toothbrush education, the average percent of perceived oral hygiene device was 81.8%, and the average percent of using oral hygiene device was 58.1% (p<0.05). 4. The average percent of perceived oral hygiene device was 67.9% in dental implant treated patient, and was 69.0% in patients with cold teeth (p<0.05). The average percent of using oral hygiene device was 64.2% in prosthesis treated patient, and was 83.3% in patients with cold teeth (p<0.05). The average percent of non-using oral hygiene device was 67.6% in orthodontic treated patient (p<0.05). 5. In patient with periodontal disease, the average percent of using interproximal brush was 44.3%, followed by dental floss was 35.4%, mouthrinse was 27.8%, and electric toothbrush was 21.5%. In prosthesis treated patient, the average percent of using interproximal brush was 31.6%, followed by dental floss was 28.9%, and mouthrinse was 23.7%. In orthodontic treated patient, the average percent of using orthodontic brush was 82.4%, followed by interproximal brush was 64.7%, and mouthrinse was 47.1%. In dental implant treated patient, the average percent of using interproximal brush was 50.0%, followed by mouthrinse was 46.4%, and dental floss was 25.0%.

임상실습교육 향상을 위한 학생과 치과위생사의 인식에 관한 연구

윤희숙 ( Hee Suk Yoon ),이형숙 ( Hyung Suk Lee ),김영선 ( Young Sun Kim ) 한국위생과학회 2005 한국위생과학회지 Vol.11 No.1

막여과 기술을 이용한 폐수재활용

송준상(Jun Sang Song),이형숙(Hyung Suk Lee),문형극(Hyung Keuk Moon),남웅희(Woong Hee Nam) 한국수처리학회 1997 한국수처리학회지 Vol.5 No.3

A study, wastewater reuse techniques using membrane seperation system are discussed. CMF(Continuous Micro Filtration) and R/O(Reverse Osmosis) pilot test were conducted to study if the reusing wastewater is used as ultra pure water in two sites. One site is Posco HU¨ls in Chonan(below A plant) and the other site is samsung in Onyang(below B plant). The results are as follows. 1) CMF has proven effective in Turbidity, TDS, Color, SS, T-Fe, and SDI removal, and also suitable as pre-treatment faccility of R/O system in both plants. 2) The removal rate of organic metter and Nutrient in R/O treated water presented 79.08% and 85.57% respectively. This results are guaranteed condition of R/O treated water in A plant. 3) In A plant, nitrate was not removed in CMF, but was removed 94.35% in R/O. 4) In B plant, the raw water containing almost particle size below 0.2㎛ was pretreated by coagulation and than treated by CMF, the removal rate of turbidity and SS presented 100%. 5) In plant the concentration of conductivity, TDS, and Cl^- was higher treated water than raw water. It is considered that innoculate chemical in CMF influent. But because this water quality is guaranteed for R/O influent, not influenced on R/O life and select of design. 6) As seen this pilot test, CMF and R/O system can be producted ultra pure water and also save more construction area and running cost than those of conventional type if raw water was pretreated appropriately.

생활 한복의 치수규격 표준화에 관한 연구

남윤자(Yun Ja Nam),이형숙(Hyung Suk Lee),이정임(Jeong Yim Lee) 한국의류산업학회 2001 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.3 No.2

The purpose of this study is to suggest the standard size system of Saenghwal Hanbok for design development and popularization. As a sample, 20`s and 40`s female data among the 1997`s National Somatometry Survey data were used because two groups have different somatic characteristics and design tastes with each other. The results are as follows; From t-test of 35 somatometric items in 20`s and 40`s female data, we knew that the differentiated size system proper to each age is needed. We also knew that the 38 Saenghwal Hanbok brands don`t have consistent size system from investigation of size list and size application. From consideration on the number of size for production and coverage rate, we suggested regression formula by bust circumference and stature, and suggested advanced standard size system which are proper to each 20` and 40` female group.

장애아동 보호자의 구강건강에 관한 인식도와 장애아동 치아우식경험과의 관련성

구남희 ( Nam Hee Gu ),이형숙 ( Hyung Suk Lee ),박천만 ( Chun Man Park ) 한국치위생학회 2001 한국치위생학회지 Vol.1 No.1

핵심역량 기반 관점에서의 치위생(학)과 교육목표 분석

최규일 ( Gyu Yil Choi ),이형숙 ( Hyung Suk Lee ) 한국치위생학회 2012 한국치위생학회지 Vol.12 No.5

Objectives: It will be necessary to make statement about the competence targeted in the dental hygienic education that adopts the competence-based curriculum from the standpoint of core competence which the students need to be equipped with in the society. Methods: To achieve the education objective of Dental Hygienics, the information available on the website of the Korean Dental Association, universities and graduate schools were used, and the education objectives of the concerned universities which were posted in the websites of 82 universities from July to August, 2011 were analyzed. Results: C7 and C1 accounted for 21.1%, the highest percentage, in the core capability, while HP1 comprised 79.6% in the health improvement and disease prevention. CM1 stood at 73.7%, the highest percentage, in the community involvement(CM) area, and PC4 accounted for 90.8%, the highest percentage, in the patient care(PC) area. In the professional growth and development(PGD) area, PGD1 was the highest, followed by PGD3. In relation to the comments on the occupational types after graduation, 63.1% of respondents mentioned the dental hygienists at the school, while 33.3% did not make any comment on the dental hygienists. Conclusions It was necessary to re-establish the essential objectives of the graduates based on the competence as the accomplishments of studying and learning in the department of dental hygiene. It may be a useful method to set the competency-based education objective on the basis of the implementation ability and the level of graduates.

다양한 탄수화물 조건하에서 배양된 Streptococcus mutans의 자당의존성 세균부착과 관련된 우식유발능 차이

이영은 ( Young Eun Lee ),이형숙 ( Hyung Suk Lee ),송근배 ( Keun Bae Song ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2011 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the differential sucrose-dependent cariogenic traits of Streptococcus mutans in the presence of dietary carbohydrates. Methods. S. mutans KCTC3065 were cultured in TYE medium containing 0.5% glucose at 37oC under 10% CO2 for 24 hours. The strain was divided into the following 5 groups in terms of the culture medium that was used: (1) 0.5% glucose containing basal culture TYE medium (BCM), (2) BCM plus 0.5% sucrose, (3) BCM plus 0.5% sucrose and fructose, (4) BCM plus 0.5% sucrose and maltose, (5) BCM plus 0.5% sucrose, fructose and maltose. After the cells were collected, growth, acid production synthesis of extracellular polysarcharides and related gene expression were evaluated. Results. The growth and acid production of S. mutans in the presence of sucrose and fructose were delayed and decreased, but not in the presence of sucrose and maltose (p<0.05). The expression level of virulence-related genes associated with gtfB and gtfD were significantly difference under all conditions (p<0.05). Moreover, there were more extracellular polysaccharides due to gtfB and gtfD expression in the presence of sucrose, fructose, and maltose. Conclusions. These results indicate that the growth and acid production of S. mutans were affected by the presence of sucrose, fructose and maltose, which also effectively increased extracellular polysarccharides synthesis by gtfB and gtfD expression. Thus, sucrose-dependent cariogenic traits of S. mutans can be increased.